Comparison of mean platelet volume values among different causes of pulmonary hypertension

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is caused by a heterogenous group of disorders with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms, with ultimate structural changes in the pulmonary vascular bed. Platelet activation plays an important role in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension, while it is unknown whether it contributes to pathogenesis in other conditions. We aimed to investigate platelet activation in different causes of pulmonary hypertension by means of mean platelet volume measurement. Methods: A total of 67 patients with different causes of pulmonary hypertension, and 31 controls, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with pulmonary hypertension were further grouped according to underlying disease, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular failure, and pulmonary hypertension due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. All patients and controls&#8217; past medical data, admission echocardiograms and complete blood counts were reviewed. Results: Patients with pulmonary hypertension had higher mean platelet volume levels compared to healthy controls (8.77 &#177; 1.18 vs 7.89 &#177; 0.53; p < 0.001), and statistical significance was still present when pulmonary arterial hypertension patients were not included in the pulmonary hypertension group (8.59 &#177; 1.23 vs 7.89 &#177; 0.53; p < 0.001). Among patients with pulmonary hypertension, the pulmonary arterial hypertension group and the pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular failure group had higher mean platelet volumes compared to healthy controls. Mean platelet volume did not correlate with pulmonary artery pressure. Conclusions: Our results indicate that mean platelet volume is not only elevated in pulmonary arterial hypertension, but also due to other causes of pulmonary hypertension. (Cardiol J 2012; 19, 2: 180&#8211;187

Synthesis of an injectable heparin conjugated poloxamer hydrogel with high elastic recoverability for temporomandibular joint disorders

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is commonly affected during fundamental oral activities, reducing the quality of life. Herein, we synthesized a heparin-conjugated poloxamer hydrogel (HEP) as a thermo-responsive injectable hydrogel for the treatment of TMJ disorders. While the gelation temperature of synthesized HEP (25% [w/v]) was 29.8-30.0 degrees C, there was a slight difference between loss and storage modulus. HEP decreased the friction of the TMJ, thus requires less energy during load-bearing jaw movement in comparison to POL. Moreover, the oscillation test dependent on strain ranges from 0.01% to 1000% validated that POL and HEP3 hydrogels showed a similar critical strain of about 5.6%. The total elastic recovery percentage of HEP3 (53.50%) was higher than POL (45.55%), indicating a better recovery of the deformed hydrogel structure. Along with the suitable viscoelastic properties for temporomandibular cavity, both hydrogels increased the proliferation of fibroblasts (L929) and chondrocytes (ATDC5) (cell viabilities were above 100%). However, newly synthesized HEP induced differentiated cell proliferation of chondrogenic cells at increasing concentrations up to 0.0156 mg/mL (p < 0.0001) compared to POL and the control group. The promising rheological properties and effects on chondrogenic cell proliferation of injectable heparin-conjugated hydrogel make them candidates for intra-articular injections used for the treatment of TMJ

Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (&lt;4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs

Arap dilinde İfti‘âl bâbı ve Kur’an-ı Kerim’deki kullanımı

Arapça dilinin derin bir dilbilgisine sahip olduğu herkesçe malumdur. Bu dilbilgisinin kısımlarından birisi olan ifti‘âl bâbı da aynı şekilde kalıbına aldığı kelimelere farklı manalar katmakta ve kelimenin telaffuzunda farklı değişiklikler yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ifti‘âl bâbının hem kendisi hem de yüce kitabımız Kur’an-ı Kerim’deki geçiş şekilleri örneklendirilmek istenmiştir.Birinci bölümde Kur’an-ı Kerim ve Arap dilinden bahsettik.İkinci bölümde ifti‘âl bâbı, dile kattığı manalar, sülâsî kelimenin ifti‘âl bâbına girdiği zaman farklı telaffuza geçmesi konusunu işledik ve Kur’an-ı Kerim’deki geçiş şekillerine örnekler verdik.Sonuç kısmında ise ifti‘âl bâbının diğer bâblara göre ne kadar geniş bir başlığa sahip olduğunu belirtip bu alandaki çalışmalara dair tavsiyelerde bulunduk.--------------------It is well known that Arabic language has a deep grammatic. One of the parts of this grammatic, ifti‘âl bab, also adds different meanings to the words that it takes in the mold and makes different changes in the pronunciation of the word. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the ifti‘âl bab itself and its usage transition types in our holy book, the Quran with examples.In the first chapter, we discussed its involvement in the Holy Quran and within the Arabic language.In the second part, we studied ifti‘âl bab, the meanings that this bab adds to the language and the influence of the sulasi words to the different pronunciation when it enters the ifti‘âl bab and we give examples of their use transition types in the Holy Quran.In the conclusion part, we stated that ifti‘âl bab has a broad usage compared to other babs and made recommendations for the studies in this field

Turizm işletmelerinde psikolojik sözleşme

Psikolojik sözleşme kavramının anlaşılması, işgören ve işveren mübadele ilişkilerinin çözümlenmesi ve yönetimi açısından bütün sektörlerde olduğu gibi turizm ve ağırlama örgütlerinde de önemlidir. Bu bölümde psikolojik sözleşme kavramı, psikolojik sözleşme türleri, psikolojik sözleşmenin özellikleri, psikolojik sözleşme ihlali ve işgörenler üzerindeki etkileri, yeni psikolojik sözleşme anlayışı, alan araştırmalarından örnekler ile sunulmaktadır

Endodontide Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Talep Edilen Olgularda Ön Teşhislerin Radyolojik Doğrulanma Oranı: Retrospektif Çalışma

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, endodontistler tarafından talep edilen konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) incelemelerinde ön teşhis/istek nedenlerinin dağılımının ve endodontistler tarafından belirlenen ön teşhislerin radyolojik tanı ile doğrulanma oranının belirlenmesidir. Yöntem ve Gereçler: Çalışmaya 01 Ocak-31 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Ağız Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi biriminde gerçekleştirilen KIBT incelemelerine ait raporlar dahil edildi. Endodonti Anabilim Dalı tarafından talep edilen KIBT inceleme raporları belirlenerek, her bir incelemeye yönelik ön teşhis/istek nedenleri kaydedildi. Endodonti uzmanlarının KIBT görüntüleme taleplerine yönelik dağılım tanımlayıcı istatistik ile değerlendirildi. Endodontik ön teşhislerin radyolojik tanı ile doğrulanma oranları ise Wilson yöntemine göre hesaplandı ve %95 güven aralığı ile birlikte sunuldu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 4325 adet KIBT raporunun 329 tanesinin (%7,60) endodontik patolojilerin incelenmesi amacıyla talep edildiği belirlendi. En sık görülen endodontik ön teşhis/istek nedeni apikal lezyon tetkiki (%39,36), kök kanal morfolojisinin değerlendirilmesi (%22,22) ve vertikal kırık (%20,63) şeklinde sıralanmaktaydı. Endodontik ön teşhislerin radyolojik tanı ile doğrulanma oranının en yüksek olduğu patoloji internal rezorbsiyon (%86), en düşük olduğu patoloji ise vertikal kırık (%40) olarak belirlendi. Tüm olgular değerlendirildiğinde endodontik ön teşhislerin radyolojik tanı ile doğrulanma oranı %55 olarak hesaplandı. Tartışma ve Sonuç: İnternal rezorbsiyon olguları radyolojik olarak en sık doğrulanan ön teşhis olurken, doğrulanma oranı vertikal kırık şüphesiyle KIBT incelemeye yönlendirilen olgularda düşmektedir

Paradoxic relations between basilar artery reconfiguration and superior cervical ganglia ischemia after bilateral common carotid artery ligation

Background: The relationship between superior cervical ganglia (SCG) ischemia due to bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCAL) and basilar artery (BA) reconfiguration was investigated. Methods: Twenty-three rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: group III rabbits underwent BCCAL (n = 13), group II rabbits were sham-operated controls (n = 5), and group I rabbits did not undergo surgery (n = 5). Degenerated neuron densities (DND) within the SCG were correlated with the BA vasodilatation index (VDI). Results: Mean live and DND in SCG of group I rabbits were 11.235 ± 982/μm3 and 11 ± 3/μm3, respectively, with a mean heart rate of 294 ± 21 beats/min. Mean SCG DND and heart rates were 213 ± 42/μm3 and 242 ± 17 beats/min for the sham group (group II) rabbits and 1743 ± 285/μm3 and 199 ± 19 beats/min for the study group (group III) rabbits, respectively. The BA VDI values in the sham group (group II) (1.32 ± 0.10) and the study group (group III) (0.976 ± 0.112) significantly differed from those in the control group (group I) (1.65 ± 0.12; P < 0.005) versus the sham group (group II) (P < 0.0001) versus the BCCAL applied group (group III) and between group II and group III (P < 0.005). Conclusions: A meaningful and paradoxic correlation was detected between the BA VDI values and degenerated neuron density of SCG after BCCAL. Although a low degenerated neuron density within SCG may provoke excessive sympathetic activity and prevent excessive BA dilatation with steno-occlusive carotid artery diseases, a high degenerated neuron density may cause dangerous vasodilatation of BA

Halitozis: Güncel Sınıflama, Tanı ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Halitozis, bireylerin ekspirasyon havasında mevcut olan ağız içi veya ağız dışı faktörler ile ilişkili nahoş kokuyu ifade etmektedir. Günümüzde bireylerin ideal hayat tarzları ve kişisel görünümlerine verdikleri önemin giderek artması nedeniyle, ağız kokusu önemli bir stres ve rahatsızlık kaynağı haline gelmiştir. Sosyal ve psikolojik olumsuz etkilerin yanı sıra, halitozis vücuttaki ciddi bir sistemik hastalığın habercisi de olabilmektedir. Halitozis ile ilişkili mevcut sınıflandırmaların standardize olmaması ve farklı ağız kokusu tiplerini net şekilde tanımlamaması nedeniyle yakın geçmişte yeni bir sınıflandırma sistemi önerilmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, toplumun büyük bölümünü etkileyen ciddi bir sağlık sorunu olan halitozis için önerilen güncel sınıflandırma sistemi ile birlikte, teşhis yöntemleri ve tedavi yaklaşımlarını sunmaktır