Comparative Study Of Promotional Mix And Consumer Buying Behavior On Gender Differences Of Smartphone Users In Manado City

Communication is the exchange and flow of informations and ideas from one person to another. It is one of the most crucial things in human life. Smartphone is one of the living-proof of the communication development after the invention of mobile phone in early 90s. The complexity of peoples need particularly in communication is also high. Therefore, smartphone market has been extremely potential with mass of consumers are waiting to be reached by outstanding promotion activities. This study aimed to analyze the difference in consumer behavior on promotional mix based on gender differences of smartphone users in Manado city. The type of this research is comparative study. The target of population was the smartphone users in Manado for the total 100 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using independent sample t-test. The results from the study show there are no significant differences in consumer behavior on promotional mix based on gender differences of smartphone users in Manado. Thus, author has a few recomendations, namely internet marketing, Coupon/Rebates, Magazine and TV are most effective stimulations and mediums to female consumers buying behavior while newspaper, billboard, poster are most effective way to influenced male consumers buying behavior moreover, smartphone companies can use the data of this research to enhance their promotion channels to specific target market of gender. Smartphone companies for targeting males consumer should focus more on informative content. On the other hand, to approach female consumers, the company should focus on emotional content about the product that is being marketed. Keywords: communication, promotional mix, consumer behavio

Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ati-ati (Coleus blumei Benth) Terhadap Kadar Ureum dan Kreatinin Darah Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Aspirin

Latar Belakang: Akumulasi asprin menghasilkan senyawa reaktif berupa radikal bebas yang menginduksi terjadinya stres oksidatif sehingga akan mepengaruhi fungsi ginjal. Ekstrak etanol daun C. blumei Benth mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenol, antrakuinon, tanin, dan steroid yang memiliki kemampuan mencegah pembentukan radikal bebas, antiinflamasi dan memperbaiki fungsi ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun ati-ati (C. blumei Benth) terhadap kadar ureum dan kreatinin darah mencit (M. musculus) yang diinduksi aspirin. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental post test only control group design. Sampel penelitian menggunakan 30 ekor mencit (M. musculus) yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (P0), perlakuan I (P1) yang diberi aspirin 84 mg/kgBB, perlakuan II (P2) diberi aspirin 84 mg/kgBB + silimarin 100 mg/kgBB, perlakuan III (P3) aspirin 84 mg/kgBB + ekstrak etanol daun C. blumei Benth 500 mg/kgBB, perlakuan IV (P4) aspirin 84 mg/kgBB + ekstrak etanol daun C. blumei Benth 1000 mg/kgBB dan perlakuan V (P5) aspirin 84 mg/kgBB + ekstrak etanol daun C. blumei Benth 2000 mg/kgBB. Seluruh kelompok mendapat perlakuan selama 11 hari yang terdiri dari 4 induksi aspirin dan 7 hari pemberian silimarin atau ekstrak. Pada hari ke-12 mencit dilakukan pengambilan darah secara intracardiac untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar ureum dan kreatinin darah. Data analisis dilakukan dengan uji one-way ANOVA dan uji post-hoc Tukey. Hasil: Hasil uji one-way ANOVA menunjukan terdapat perbedaan kadar ureum dan kreatinin darah yang signifikan antar kelompok dengan nilai p yaitu 0,020 dan 0,003. Kelompok P5 mengalami penurunan kadar ureum dan kreatinin yang signifikan dengan nilai p 0,024 dan 0,034, meskipun kelompok P5 tidak sebaik kelompok P0. Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun C. blumei Benth dosis bertingkat, yaitu 2000 mg/kgBB mampu menurun kadar ureum dan kreatinin darah mencit yang induksi aspirin secara signifikan.   Kata kunci:  Aspirin, C. blumei Benth, silymarin, ureum, kreatinin

Profil Hasil Pemeriksaan GeneXpert Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) Terhadap Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Polda Bengkulu Periode Januari-Desember 2018

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection that caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and the droplets can be transmitted by the air. Mycobacterium tuberculosis mainly infected the lungs, but also and infected other organs like, glands, bones, and nervous system. World Health Organization reported that there are 10 million TB cases in 2017 and 1,3 million death caused by this disease. Based on the data from Health’s Profile in Bengkulu city in 2015 there are 18.982 lung tuberculosis suspects. GeneXpert is a brand new innovation to diagnose TB based on molecular examination that uses  Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) which targeting the gene rpoB hotspot in MTB integrated and automatically processing the sample’s Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA) in disposable catridge. Method: This is an analytic description research. This research took secondary data (medical record) from the result of sputum examination by GenExpert tools from the lung tuberculosis patients at Bhayangkara Polda Bengkulu Hospital in January-December 2018 to acknowledge the result of MTB’s examination. Results: From this research, there were 150 male patients (70,1%) and 64 female patients (29,9%). The most patients in this research was from the age range 45-65 years old which is 102 patients (47,7%). The proportion of MTB rifampicin sensitive is 22 patients (10,3%). The proportion of MTB rifampicin resistance is 1 patient (0,05%). And the proportion of MTB not-detected is 191 patients (89,2%). Conclusion: Profile of the result of Genexpert examination in lung tuberculosis patients at Bhayangkara Polda Bengkulu Hospital is sensitive to rifampici

Exploring New Training Applications for Educators Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The purpose of this study is to explore the potential benefits of simulation training technology as a supplemental tool for educators teaching students with autism spectrum disorder. Special educators have little to no access to simulations preparing them for a classroom environment prior to entering an actual classroom. Current methods for preparing special educators are mostly limited to traditional classroom and lecture material, followed by supervised student teaching. Simulation training is available in several industries, but is still predominantly lacking in the field of education. This author constructed two versions of a virtual simulation training module using visuals and text live action videos. The training modules were designed with branching pathways to allow users’ decisions to affect outcomes. This study compared pre-service teacher performances using traditional training material followed by a supplemental text-based simulation. The author recruited 28 graduate students to participate in this study. Participants completed three assessments, one prior to exposure to any subject-specific material, followed by traditional, text-based material and a second assessment. Participants were then introduced to a subject-specific, interactive, virtual text-based simulation training, followed by a final assessment. Assessments were graded on a 100-point scale. Overall, assessments revealed an average increase in performance scores of 8.93 points after exposure to traditional lecture material, and increased again by another 9.69 points on average after exposure to the simulation training. The lowest quartile showed little to no improvement in performance. However, most participants showed marked improvement in performance scores. Further research is needed to determine the statistical significance of these outcomes

Stable attributions of child behavior and parenting stress in parents of ADHD children.

The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in how parents of ADHD children and non-ADHD parents attribute undesirable and prosocial child behavior, and to determine if attributions about undesirable child behavior influence parents' perceived levels of parenting stress. Parent attributions from 69 parent-child dyads, half with a child ADHD diagnosis, were measured coding videotaped interactions. Results indicated that parents of ADHD children do not make significantly more stable attributions about undesirable child behavior than non-ADHD parents. Additionally, compared to non-ADHD parents, parents of ADHD children did not make significantly more unstable attributions about their children's prosocial behaviors. Regarding parenting stress, individuals who generated higher frequencies of stable attributions also appeared to maintain more negative views of their children's behaviors in comparison to other children

Variscan sourcing of Westphalian (Pennsylvanian) sandstones in the Canobie Coalfield, UK

The zircon age spectrum in a sample from the Canonbie Bridge Sandstone Formation (Asturian) of southern Scotland contains two main peaks. One is Early Carboniferous in age (348– 318 Ma), and corresponds to the age of igneous activity during the Variscan Orogeny. The other is of late Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian age (693–523 Ma), corresponding to the Cadomian. Together, these two groups comprise 70 % of the zircon population. The presence of these two peaks shows unequivocally that a significant proportion of the sediment was derived from the Variscides of western or central Europe. The zircon population also contains a range of older Proterozoic zircons and a small Devonian component. These could have been derived from the Variscides, but it is possible that some were locally derived through recycling of northerly derived sandstones of Devonian–Carboniferous age. The zircon age data confirm previous suggestions of Variscide sourcing to the Canonbie area, made on the basis of petrographical, heavy mineral and palaeocurrent evidence, and extend the known northward distribution of Variscan-derived Westphalian sediment in the UK

Reconstruction of linear dunes from ancient aeolian successions using subsurface data: Permian Auk Formation, Central North Sea, UK

A series of well logs and cores penetrating the predominantly aeolian Auk Formation, Permian Rotliegend Group, Central North Sea, UK, have been evaluated to determine the morphology and style of migratory behaviour of the original dune bedforms, the overall depositional environment, and to assess implications for reservoir heterogeneity. This has been achieved by detailed facies analysis of subsurface datasets and by comparison of the observed sedimentary styles of accumulation to analogous modern aeolian dune fields. Aeolian bedform type, morphology, detailed migratory behaviour, and the nature of the accumulation surface have been interpreted. Analysis of the facies architecture of preserved cross-bedded sets and cosets indicates accumulation on a dry substrate via the migration and climb of large linear bedforms that possessed low-angle inclined lower plinths, up to 15 m thick. Dune plinth elements are dominated by wind-ripple and reworked wind-ripple strata, and were preferentially preserved as successive bedforms migrated over one another at low angles. Packages of grainflow-dominated strata representative of accumulation on the higher part of the bedform lee slope are less common and tend to be preserved mostly in the upper parts of large cosets of strata (∼30 m thick). Large linear bedforms were separated by dry interdune areas. Although the primary direction of sand transport was along the elongated crests of the bedforms, a secondary component of transverse motion enabled the lateral migration and preferential preservation of lee-slope deposits that arose from a minor oblique component of bedform migration. In places, the architecture records the preservation of small barchanoid dune deposits, either within interdune depressions or superimposed on the lower flanks of the large linear bedforms. The preserved aeolian facies types exert a primary control on reservoir quality. Few previous studies have documented linear dunes in ancient successions; these findings represent a valuable case example

Central calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour in the posterior maxilla: a case report

The calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT), or Pindborg tumour, is a rare, benign odontogenic tumour. CEOT is usually asymptomatic and an incidental radiological finding, often presenting as a mandibular radiolucency with flecks of calcific material. We report an unusual case of CEOT in the left posterior maxilla of a 46-year-old male that was associated with an unerupted tooth. The tumour in this case caused non-specific sinus symptoms and appeared radiographically similar to an odontoma or ossifying fibroma due to its dense calcific contents. Diagnosis was confirmed histologically following surgical removal of the lesion, which showed classic CEOT histomorphology. We report this case to highlight the unusual clinico-radiologic presentation and illustrate the diagnostic difficulties that can occur with radiolucent and/or radiopaque lesions in the jaws

Seismic and borehole-based mapping of the late Carboniferous succession in the Canonbie Coalfield, SW Scotland: evidence for a ‘broken’ Variscan foreland?

Local seismic and borehole-based mapping of the Carboniferous Pennine Coal Measures and Warwickshire Group successions in the Canonbie Coalfield (SW Scotland) provides evidence of repeated episodes of positive inversion, syn-depositional folding and unconformities. A Duckmantian (Westphalian B) episode of NE–SW transpression is recognized, based on onlapping seismic reflector geometries against NE-trending positive inversion structures and contemporaneous NNE-trending syn-depositional growth folding. The basin history thus revealed at Canonbie is at variance with generally accepted models in neighbouring northern England that imply subsidence was due to post-rift thermal subsidence during late Carboniferous times. A late Westphalian–Stephanian unconformity recognized within the Warwickshire Group succession signifies NW–SE, c. 10% local basin shortening during a time of major shortening in the late Carboniferous Variscan foreland, contradicting suggestions that maximum Variscan shortening had negligible impact on Carboniferous basins in northern Britain. Local inversion structures appear to have strongly influenced local late Westphalian–Stephanian depocentres. In this respect, the Variscan foreland at Canonbie may have resembled a ‘broken’ foreland system. Variations in crustal rheology, fault strength and orientation, and mid-crustal detachments are suggested to have played important roles in determining strain localization and the nature of Westphalian–Stephanian depocentres in the Canonbie Coalfield