2,920 research outputs found
Supersymmetric predictions for the inclusive decay
We study the penguin induced transition in the minimal N=1
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model with radiative breaking of the
electroweak group. We include the effects of one-loop corrections to the Higgs
potential and scalar masses. We show that the present upper and lower
experimental limits on the inclusive decay sharply constrain the parameter
space of the model in a wide range of values. The implications of
the recently advocated relation for the bilinear SUSY soft breaking
parameter in grand unified theories are also analyzed.Comment: 23 pages + 12 figures (hardcopies available on request), LATEX, SISSA
40/94/E
On CP Violation in Minimal Renormalizable SUSY SO(10) and Beyond
We investigate the role of CP phases within the renormalizable SUSY SO(10)
GUT with one 10_H, one 126bar_H one 126_H and one 210_H Higgs representations
and type II seesaw dominating the neutrino mass matrix. This framework is non
trivially predictive in the fermionic sector and connects in a natural way the
GUT unification of b and tau Yukawa couplings with the bi-large mixing scenario
for neutrinos. On the other hand, existing numerical analysis claim that
consistency with quark and charged lepton data prevents the minimal setup from
reproducing the observed CP violation via the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
matrix. We re-examine the issue and find by inspection of the fermion mass sum
rules and a detailed numerical scan that, even though the CKM phase takes
preferentially values in the second quadrant, the agreement of the minimal
model with the data is actually obtained in a non negligible fraction of the
parameter space. We then consider a recently proposed renormalizable extension
of the minimal model, obtained by adding one chiral 120-dimensional Higgs
supermultiplet. We show that within such a setup the CKM phase falls naturally
in the observed range. We emphazise the robust predictivity of both models here
considered for neutrino parameters that are in the reach of ongoing and future
experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures. Two refs added, discussion expanded. To appear on
Phys. Rev.
Planning for pedestrians: a way out of traffic congestion
AbstractThis paper discusses the negative effects of planning for personal motorized mobility, a phenomenon currently taking place in Romanian cities. After presenting the general and particular picture of the increase in private vehicle ownership, it analyse s the subject of pedestrian accessibility by looking into the past and present situation. Based on GIS measurements of population within specific service areas of public facilities, the foreseen solution takes into consideration a flexible way of planning which adapts to the existing urban structure. The results allow conscious planning decisions focused on the type and number of population with good access to these facilities
Non-extremal fractional branes
We construct non-extremal fractional D-brane solutions of type-II string
theory at the Z_2 orbifold point of K3. These solutions generalize known
extremal fractional-brane solutions and provide further insights into N=2
supersymmetric gauge theories and dual descriptions thereof. In particular, we
find that for these solutions the horizon radius cannot exceed the non-extremal
enhancon radius. As a consequence, we conclude that a system of non-extremal
fractional branes cannot develop into a black brane. This conclusion is in
agreement with known dual descriptions of the system.Comment: 29 pages, LaTeX. v2: 30 pages; equation (3.4) corrected; typos fixed;
discussion in section 3 streamlined and slightly extended; reference adde
Fermion masses in SUSY SO(10) with type II seesaw: a non-minimal predictive scenario
A predictive framework for fermion masses and mixing is given by the
supersymmetric SO(10) model with one 10, one bar126, one 126 and one 210 Higgs
representations, and type II seesaw dominating the neutrino mass matrix. We
investigate the origin of the tension between this model and lepton mixing data
and refine previous numerical analyses. We discuss an extension of the minimal
model that includes one 120 Higgs chiral superfield representation. This
exhausts the possible renormalizable contributions to the Yukawa sector. In
spite of the increase in the number of parameters the predictivity of the
minimal setting is not spoiled. We argue that the contributions to fermion
masses due to the doublet components of 120 can be naturally small compared to
those of 10 and 126, thus acting as a perturbation in the fermion mass
generation. The antisymmetric nature of the 120 Yukawa coupling affects at
leading order the determination of the mixing angles and it allows to remove
the inconsistencies between predictions and data on the neutrino parameters. An
improvement in the experimental bound on |Ue3| can tell this scenario from the
minimal model.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures; Note and references added on new KamLAND dat
Fermion masses and mixings in SO(10) models and the neutrino challenge to SUSY GUTs
We present a detailed study of quark and lepton mass spectra in a SO(10) framework with one 10_H and one \bar{126}_H Higgs representations in the Yukawa sector. We consider in full generality the interplay between type-I and type-II seesaw for neutrino masses. We first perform a \chi^2 fit of fermion masses independent on the detailed structure of the GUT Higgs potential and show the regions in the parameter space that are preferred by the fermion mass sum rules. We then apply our study to the case of the minimal renormalizable SUSY SO(10) GUT with one 10_H, one \bar{126}_H, one 126_H, and one 210_H Higgs representations. Requiring that proton decay bounds are fulfilled we identify a very limited area in the parameter space where all fermion data are consistently reproduced. On the other hand we show that in all cases gauge coupling unification in the supersymmetric scenario is severely affected by the presence of lighter than GUT (albeit B-L conserving) states. We then conclusively show that the minimal supersymmetric SO(10) scenario here considered is not consistent with data. The fit of neutrino masses with type-I and type-II seesaws within a renormalizable SO(10) framework strongly suggests a non-SUSY scenario for gauge unification
Feynman Rules in the Type III Natural Flavour-Conserving Two-Higgs Doublet Model
We consider a two Higgs-doublet model with symmetry, which implies a
rather than 0 relative phase between the vacuum expectation
values . The corresponding Feynman rules are derived
accordingly and the transformation of the Higgs fields from the weak to the
mass eigenstates includes not only an angle rotation but also a phase
transformation. In this model, both doublets couple to the same type of
fermions and the flavour-changing neutral currents are naturally suppressed. We
also demonstrate that the Type III natural flavour-conserving model is valid at
tree-level even when an explicit symmetry breaking perturbation is
introduced to get a reasonable CKM matrix. In the special case , as the ratio runs from 0 to ,
the dominant Yukawa coupling will change from the first two generations to the
third generation. In the Feynman rules, we also find that the charged Higgs
currents are explicitly left-right asymmetric. The ratios between the left- and
right-handed currents for the quarks in the same generations are estimated.Comment: 16 pages (figures not included), NCKU-HEP/93-1
Soil is a net source of methane in tropical African forests
Research Highlights: Monitoring of soil CH4 fluxes in African tropical forest conducted run for almost two years, contributing to the scant information on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from forests available from this region. Data showed that the forest soil acted as a net yearly source of CH4. Hotspots of CH4 emissions were measured both in upland and lowland areas of the forest, and on an annual basis they overcame the soil CH4 sink during drier periods or in wellâdrained areas. Background and Objectives: Atmospheric studies indicate that tropics are a strong CH4 source. Regional budgets attribute the majority of this source to wetland ecosystems and flooded lowland forests, whereas unâflooded forests are considered net CH4 sinks, although few studies in tropical forests, in particular in Africa, are available. The present work aims to contribute to this knowledge gap. Materials and Methods: Monitoring campaigns were conducted along the year in the tropical forest of the Ankasa National Park, Ghana, in two contrasting environments, uphill and downhill, using close static chambers coupled with gas chromatography. Results: The uphill area was a net weak CH4 sink with mean daily fluxes ranging from â1.29 to 0.44 mg CH4 mâ2 dâ1. The downhill area was a significant CH4 source with mean daily fluxes ranging from â0.67 to 188.09 mg CH4 mâ2 dâ1 and with peaks up to 1312 mg CH4 mâ2 dâ1 in the wet season. Conclusions: The net annual soil CH4 budget for the Ankasa Park, normalizing the proportion of downhill areas over the whole park surface, was a source of about 3.3 kg CH4 haâ1 yrâ1. Overlooking such areas might lead to underestimates of the total CH4 source strength of forested areas
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