Deriving high spatial-resolution coastal topography from sub-meter satellite stereo imagery

High spatial resolution coastal Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are crucial to assess coastal vulnerability and hazards such as beach erosion, sedimentation, or inundation due to storm surges and sea level rise. This paper explores the possibility to use high spatial-resolution Pleiades (pixel size = 0.7 m) stereoscopic satellite imagery to retrieve a DEM on sandy coastline. A 40-km coastal stretch in the Southwest of France was selected as a pilot-site to compare topographic measurements obtained from Pleiades satellite imagery, Real Time Kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS) and airborne Light Detection and Ranging System (LiDAR). The derived 2-m Pleiades DEM shows an overall good agreement with concurrent methods (RTK-GPS and LiDAR; correlation coefficient of 0.9), with a vertical Root Mean Squared Error (RMS error) that ranges from 0.35 to 0.48 m, after absolute coregistration to the LiDAR dataset. The largest errors (RMS error > 0.5 m) occurred in the steep dune faces, particularly at shadowed areas. This work shows that DEMs derived from sub-meter satellite imagery capture local morphological features (e.g., berm or dune shape) on a sandy beach, over a large spatial domain.French Space Agency (CNES) CNES through the TOSCA program FCT IF/00661/2014/CP1234 FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement FEDER, within the Compete 2020 UID/AMB/50017/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hax1 regulates neutrophil adhesion and motility through RhoA

Loss of Hax1, which is associated with a severe congenital neutropenia syndrome, impairs neutrophil uropod detachment and directed migration

At-home blood collection and stabilization in high temperature climates using home RNA

Expanding whole blood sample collection for transcriptome analysis beyond traditional phlebotomy clinics will open new frontiers for remote immune research and telemedicine. Determining the stability of RNA in blood samples exposed to high ambient temperatures (\u3e30°C) is necessary for deploying home-sampling in settings with elevated temperatures (e.g., studying physiological response to natural disasters that occur in warm locations or in the summer). Recently, we have develope

Metalloprotease Meprinβ in Rat Kidney: Glomerular Localization and Differential Expression in Glomerulonephritis

Meprin (EC 3.4.24.18) is an oligomeric metalloendopeptidase found in microvillar membranes of kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells. Here, we present the first report on the expression of meprinβ in rat glomerular epithelial cells and suggest a potential involvement in experimental glomerular disease. We detected meprinβ in glomeruli of immunostained rat kidney sections on the protein level and by quantitative RT-PCR of laser-capture microdissected glomeruli on the mRNA level. Using immuno-gold staining we identified the membrane of podocyte foot processes as the main site of meprinβ expression. The glomerular meprinβ expression pattern was altered in anti-Thy 1.1 and passive Heymann nephritis (PHN). In addition, the meprinβ staining pattern in the latter was reminiscent of immunostaining with the sheep anti-Fx1A antiserum, commonly used in PHN induction. Using Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays we demonstrated that meprinβ is recognized by Fx1A antiserum and may therefore represent an auto-antigen in PHN. In anti-Thy 1.1 glomerulonephritis we observed a striking redistribution of meprinβ in tubular epithelial cells from the apical to the basolateral side and the cytosol. This might point to an involvement of meprinβ in this form of glomerulonephritis

Metastable capillary filaments in rectangular cross-section open microchannels

Spontaneous capillary flow (SCF) in microchannels occurs for specific geometrical and wetting conditions. When the channel walls form corner angles with the channel bottom, liquid filaments may form in the corners. These capillary filaments are often called Concus-Finn (CF) filaments, and they can theoretically spread infinitely.In this work we consider rectangular open U-grooves of varying cross-section width, and we theoretically determine the flow conditions as a function of the aspect ratio of the channel and the liquid-solid contact angle. These flow conditions are numerically checked. Especially, we analyze the configurations where precursor capillary filaments form. We show that these filaments can be metastable, i.e. disappear into a bulk capillary flow if the proper conditions are met. A diagram of the flow regimes is deduced from theoretical developments and checked using numerical modeling

Interfacial Tension Driven Open Droplet Microfluidics

Abstract Droplet microfluidics enables compartmentalized reactions in small scales and is utilized for a variety of applications across chemical analysis, material science, and biology. While droplet microfluidics is a successful technology, barriers include high “activation energy” to develop custom applications and complex peripheral equipment. These barriers limit the adoption of droplet microfluidics in labs or prototyping environments. This work demonstrates for the first time an open channel droplet microfluidic system that autonomously generates droplets at low capillary numbers. Hundreds of droplets are produced in a run using only an open channel, pipettes, and a commercially available carrier fluid. Conceptual applications that showcase the process of droplet generation, splitting, transport, incubation, mixing, and sorting are demonstrated. The open nature of the device enables the use of physical tools such as tweezers and styli to directly access the system; with this, a new method of droplet sorting and transfer unique to open systems is demonstrated. This platform offers enhanced usability, direct access to the droplet contents, easy manufacturability, compact footprint, and high customizability. This design is a first step in exploring the space of power‐free open droplet microfluidic systems and provides design rules for similar channel designs