Semata. Untersuchungen zu den Grab- und Memorialbauten des späten Hellenismus und der frühen Kaiserzeit in Kleinasien

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der kaiserzeitlichen Sepulkralarchitektur in Kleinasien. Sie untersucht einen Wandel ihrer Gestaltungsmuster, der am Übergang vom späten Hellenismus zur frühen Kaiserzeit zu beobachten ist. Mit Hilfe einer Einordnung von Architekturornamentik und Inschriften wird eine Chronologie der Bauten erarbeitet. Anhand von drei Fallbeispielen, den Grabbauten von Assos, Ephesos und Olba in Kilikien, werden dann Kriterien zur formalen Analyse entwickelt, die schließlich in einem systematischen Teil auf die Betrachtung von Monumenten in anderen Orten Kleinasiens angewendet werden. Als wichtigstes Ergebnis wurde festgestellt, dass die Entwürfe der frühkaiserzeitlichen Grabbauten vor allem auf eine Darstellung der lokalen Einbindung ihrer Auftraggeber zielten

The Tomb as a Node of public Representation

This contribution focuses on the practice of intramural burial in Anatolia during the Roman Imperial period. The prominent tombs of this time may at first sight simply reflect a traditional habit of honouring benefactors, being in line with the retrospective cultural atmosphere that is often attributed to the Greek cities under Roman rule. However, a contextual analysis of the respective structures of the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, considering their design, inscriptions, and urban setting, reveals a new and significant pattern. This is the linking of the tomb with important public donations of the deceased. As a result, the monuments were turned into hybrid spaces that answered the specific demands of elite representation in their time

Le Mort dans la ville

Le développement de rites mortuaires complexes dans l’histoire de l’Homme a résulté dans un rôle croissant joué par les pratiques funéraires utilisées comme moyen de resserrer les liens à l’intérieur d’une même communauté. À cet égard, le singulier usage d'inhumer un individu au cœur de la communauté révèle avec acuité la force de cette relation que pouvaient entretenir les vivants et les morts. Les découvertes archéologiques récentes ont souligné l’importance de telles pratiques liées aux inhumations intra-muros en Anatolie. Bien qu’il semble possible de tisser un lien continu entre ces coutumes, les contextes dans lesquels s’inscrivent la pratique d’inhumer une personne au cœur même de la communauté, depuis l’enfant du Néolithique à Çatalhöyük à la libraire de Celsius à Ephèse, en passant par le Mausolée d'Halicarnasse, ont néanmoins radicalement changés en fonction des époques et des lieux. L’objectif de ce volume, en rassemblant des spécialistes de périodes et d’horizons différents, est d’offrir non seulement un point général de nos connaissances sur ces questions, mais aussi un éclairage concernant le mécanisme de ces pratiques, leur contexte et leur impact en Anatolie, du début de l’Âge du Bronze à l’époque romaine

Miletus Documentation Manual: Surveying, Forms, Find Processing and Database-Usage, v2.0

This manual has been created in the course of the DFG and ANR funded project 'Forms of Life in the Megapolis: Miletus in the Longue Durée' (MegaMil) led by Prof. Dr. Christof Berns (UHH) and Prof. Dr. Julien Zurbach (ENS). In the course of this project the previously used Milesian documentation system was comprehensively modernized and adapted to the use of digital tools. The explanations and guidelines in this document serve as a 'documentation of the documentation' and are intended to help staff members use the system in a consistent manner across multiple projects, as well as preserve our methods of working and organizing for future generations of archaeologists and transparently explain our research methods to the public. The manual aims to facilitate the use and to provide an overview of the data structure for long-term archiving and cooperation. The manual is published in German and English, while the corresponding forms are available alongside it in German, English and French. We provide several additional resources along with the digital version of this manual. While the excavation is mainly organized by three universities (University of Hamburg, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi in Istanbul and Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris), we also want to thank our many cooperation partners listed in the preface without whom none of our work would be possible. Please note: While the whole manual and documentation are a group effort, and many more people have contributed to this project with their time, ideas and corrections, people responsible for a section of the current or previous version of this manual have been listed in this repository as authors. For details, see the 'List of Authors' in the preface. Authors may change with different versions of the manual

User-Centered Design of Immersive Research Applications for Understanding Written Artefacts

Writing is an essential cultural technique that shaped our world's societies and is an important cultural heritage. The Cluster of Excellence 'Understanding Written Artefacts' is an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural long-term project dedicated to studying so-called 'Written Artefacts (WA)', which include all sorts of objects on which visual signs are applied by hand. Through our work, the research field of human-computer interaction is represented in the Cluster for the first time. This paper introduces our interdisciplinary research on immersive applications for understanding WA. We motivate the usage of virtual reality (VR) technologies for the novel field of WA research, in which we explore new immersive ways of studying WA. Currently, only fieldwork provides the spatial context to the WA in the inscribed spaces. Immersive applications could provide researchers with virtual access to the spatial and even temporal context at any time, but so far, VR has not been used in academia for this use case. We developed two immersive VR systems with a user-centred design approach in close cooperation with academic experts from ancient history, classical archaeology, and theology, among other fields. Our VR systems visualize WA with their temporal and spatial context and provide additional content such as reconstructions, hidden layers, and meta information. Our tool was developed for two different application scenarios, (1) a large outdoor scenario of the ancient Roman theatre of Miletus, and (2) an interior scenario of the church at the Rittergut Lucklum

Immersive Inscribed Spaces - Bringing Virtuality to Written Artefacts for Humanities

Writing is an essential cultural technique, and the resulting artefacts are an important part of cultural heritage. The Cluster of Excellence ‘Understanding Written Artefacts’ is an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural long-term project dedicated to studying so-called ‘written artefacts (WA)’. Our work introduces immersive technologies such as virtual, augmented, and mixed reality to the research cluster for the first time. In this paper, we outline the scope of our research project and present our current implementations of immersive applications based on two scenarios involving inscribed spaces. So far, immersive technologies have not been used in academia to create research focused applications for exploring, analysing, and understanding WA within their inscribed space, including providing access to appropriate spatial and temporal contexts. Thus, we collaborate closely with researchers from the humanities to create interactive and immersive applications for the novel field of WA research. The results of our preliminary user study show high ratings in the sense of presence in the virtual environments and indicate that immersive spatial context could add new perspectives for understanding WA. We hope to provide valuable insights on the design of immersive applications to support future research in novel fields