To the authors, editors and publishers of the United States:- The inhabitants of the Territory of Utah, through their authorized agent, desire to address you on a subject wherein you have power very greatly to assist them ... The extension of ed

2670 C 1 26 My 44.; Rec. R. B. June 1944

0120_02_02

Commentary by James F. Cartwright from BYU studies, volume 22, followed by original manuscript of letter, dated April 23, 1850, Washington City (D. C), to Great Salt Lake City, Deseret; Bernhisel, John M., to President Brigham Young; Letter informs Young of events in the capital. Tells of the death and burial of Honorable John C. Calhoun, senator from South Carolina, who died March 31, and of his activities in the Senate. He has been identified with all the great events in the political history of the country. Bernhisel describes a long animated debate that took place on the first of April that terminated when Senator Benton rose from his seat and threw his chair on the floor, rapidly approaching Senator Foote. Senator Foote then ran to the vice president's chair, drew a revolver, and pointed it at Benton, who shouted he was unarmed and for the "Cowardly assassin to fire." After things calmed down, Senator Clay asked them both to pledge that nothing further would take place between them. Colonel Benton said he had done nothing wrong and would rot in jail before he would take any such pledge. Bernhisel tells of bills introduced to establish territorial governments in California, Utah, and New Mexico. Is sending Young a copy of these bills. Senate has also appointed a committee of which Clay is chairman, for compromising and adjusting the slavery, California, and territorial questions that have been topics of discussion in both wings of the capital this session. There has been much noise, confusion, frequent threats of dissolution of the Union, and attempts at personal violence, where usually there is decorum and mutual respect. Colonel Benton said these were merely skirmishes, when the California bill came up for discussion, the war would commence. Bernhisel feels there will be a territorial government for Utah by the end of the session. Bernhisel will be looking for a letter from Young by fall. Has made proposals at the United States Post Office Department for Phineas Young to carry the mail twice a year between St. Joseph, Missouri, and Oregon City for an annual sum of $17,000. Will know the outcome by the fourteenth of Ma

Grand Challenges in global eye health: a global prioritisation process using Delphi method

Background: We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations. Methods: Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity. Interpretation: This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges. Funding: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity, National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The Seva Foundation, British Council for the Prevention of Blindness, and Christian Blind Mission. Translations: For the French, Spanish, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and Persian translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.</p