Will There Be a New Definition of “Purchase Money”?

This article examines SB 1178 and its potential to significantly modify the CCP 580b antideficiency rule.

Maintenance of Androdioecy in the Freshwater Shrimp, Eulimnadia Texana: Field Estimates of Inbreeding Depression and Relative Male Survival

Androdioecy is a rare form of reproduction, only found in a few plant and animal species, wherein males co-exist with hermaphrodites. This particular form of mixed mating (mixtures of outcrossing and self-fertilization) is predicted to be evolutionarily unstable, with most androdioecious populations thought to be in a transition from hermaphroditism to dioecy, or vice versa. One well-studied androdioecious species is the freshwater clam shrimp Eulimnadia texana. A model by Otto et al. (1993), exploring the stability of this androdioecious system, predicts that males can co-exist with hermaphrodites when males fertilize an average of over twice the number of offspring that an average hermaphrodite produces in a lifetime. This value proportionally increases if males survive less well than hermaphrodites, and proportionally decreases with increased inbreeding depression. In the present study, we measured relative male longevity and inbreeding depression using laboratory-produced selfed and outcrossed eggs reared in the field. Males had lower survival than hermaphrodites in both mating treatments, but the survival difference was greater in the outcrossed relative to the selfed mating treatments (19 vs 9% difference). Inbreeding depression (6) was estimated at 0.58-0.69, depending on the level of selfing among the parents in the outcrossed treatments. Both estimates of relative male viability and inbreeding depression corresponded well with earlier laboratory estimates of these parameters. Thus the within-pond dynamics outlined in the model of Otto et al. (1993), which are driven by high inbreeding depression and high relative male fertility, may still explain the maintenance of androdioecy in these shrimp. Field estimates of male mating effectiveness are required as a final test of the accuracy of this model

Novel one-dimensional structures and solution behaviour of copper(II) bromide and chloride complexes of a new pentapyridyldiamine ligand

Copper(II) bromide and chloride complexes of the new heptadentate ligand 2,6-bis(bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino)methylpyridine (L) have been prepared. For the bromide complexes, chains of novel, approximately C-2-symmetric, chiral [Cu-2(L)Br-2](2+) 'wedge-shaped' tectons are found. The links between the dicopper tectons and the overall chirality and packing of the chains are dictated by the bromide ion content, not the counter anion. In contrast, the chloride complexes exhibit linked asymmetric [Cu-2(L)Cl-3](+) tectons with distinct N3CuCl2 and N4CuCl2 centres in the solid. The overall structures of the dicopper bromide and chloride units persist in solution irrespective of the halide. The redox chemistry of the various species is also described

An expanded cavity hexaamine cage for copper(II)

The crystal structure of the bicyclic hexaamine complex [Cu(fac-Me-5-tricosane-N-6)](ClO4)(2) center dot H2O (fac-Me-5-tricosane-N-6 = facial-1,5,9,13,20-pentamethyl-3,7,11,15,18,22-hexaazabicyclo[7.7.7] tricosane) at 100 K defines an apparently tetragonally compressed octahedral geometry, which is attributed to a combination of dynamic interconversion and static disorder between two tetragonally elongated structures sharing a common short axis. This structure is fluxional at 60 K and above as shown by EPR spectroscopy. Aqueous cyclic voltammetry reveals that a remarkably stable Cu-I form of the complex is stabilised by the encapsulating nature of the expanded cage ligand

A Month in the Life of Groupon

Groupon has become the latest Internet sensation, providing daily deals to customers in the form of discount offers for restaurants, ticketed events, appliances, services, and other items. We undertake a study of the economics of daily deals on the web, based on a dataset we compiled by monitoring Groupon over several weeks. We use our dataset to characterize Groupon deal purchases, and to glean insights about Groupon's operational strategy. Our focus is on purchase incentives. For the primary purchase incentive, price, our regression model indicates that demand for coupons is relatively inelastic, allowing room for price-based revenue optimization. More interestingly, mining our dataset, we find evidence that Groupon customers are sensitive to other, "soft", incentives, e.g., deal scheduling and duration, deal featuring, and limited inventory. Our analysis points to the importance of considering incentives other than price in optimizing deal sites and similar systems.Comment: 6 page

Notes from the field: Lessons learned from using ecosystem service approaches to inform real-world decisions

While there have been rapid advances in assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES), a critical remaining challenge is how to move from scientific knowledge to real-world decision making. We offer 6 lessons from our experiences applying new approaches and tools for quantifying BES in 20 pilot demonstrations: (1) Applying a BES approach is most effective in leading to policy change as part of an iterative science-policy process; (2) simple ecological production function models have been useful in a diverse set of decision contexts, across a broad range of biophysical, social, and governance systems. Key limitations of simple models arise at very small scales, and in predicting specific future BES values; (3) training local experts in the approaches and tools is important for building local capacity, ownership, trust, and long-term success; (4) decision makers and stakeholders prefer to use a variety of BES value metrics, not only monetary values; (5) an important science gap exists in linking changes in BES to changes in livelihoods, health, cultural values, and other metrics of human wellbeing; and (6) communicating uncertainty in useful and transparent ways remains challenging

Transplantation for renal failure secondary to enteric hyperoxaluria: a case report

Enteric hyperoxaluria can lead to renal failure. There have only been a few reports of renal transplantation as treatment of endstage renal disease secondary to enteric hyperoxaluria and results have been mixed. This report describes a patient with Crohn's disease who developed chronic renal failure from enteric hyperoxaluria. He subsequently had a successful renal transplant without any post-operative oxalate related complications and has satisfactory renal function almost three years later. Aggressive pre-transplant hemodialysis was not done. The literature associated with renal transplantation for enteric hyperoxaluria is reviewed

Market Provision of Public Goods: The Case of Broadcasting,”

Abstract This paper presents a theory of the market provision of broadcasting and uses it to address the nature of market failure in the industry. Advertising levels may be too low or too high, depending on the relative sizes of the nuisance cost to viewers and the expected benefits to advertisers from contacting viewers. Market provision may allocate too few or too many resources to programming and these resources may be used to produce programs of the wrong type. Monopoly may produce a higher level of social surplus than competition and the ability to price programming may reduce social surplus. JEL Classification: D43, L13, L8

Qualitative study of system-level factors related to genomic implementation

PURPOSE: Research on genomic medicine integration has focused on applications at the individual level, with less attention paid to implementation within clinical settings. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify system-level factors that played a role in implementation of genomic medicine within Implementing GeNomics In PracTicE (IGNITE) Network projects. METHODS: Up to four study personnel, including principal investigators and study coordinators from each of six IGNITE projects, were interviewed using a semistructured interview guide that asked interviewees to describe study site(s), progress at each site, and factors facilitating or impeding project implementation. Interviews were coded following CFIR inner-setting constructs. RESULTS: Key barriers included (1) limitations in integrating genomic data and clinical decision support tools into electronic health records, (2) physician reluctance toward genomic research participation and clinical implementation due to a limited evidence base, (3) inadequate reimbursement for genomic medicine, (4) communication among and between investigators and clinicians, and (5) lack of clinical and leadership engagement. CONCLUSION: Implementation of genomic medicine is hindered by several system-level barriers to both research and practice. Addressing these barriers may serve as important facilitators for studying and implementing genomics in practice