Influence of resistance training on muscle lipid content in ovariectomized rats

The aim of this study was analyze the effect of the resistance training on muscle soleus lipid content in ovariectomized rats. Wistar adult female rats were grouped into: sedentary (S); ovariectomized sedentary (Sovx); resistance trained (T) and ovariectomized resistance trained (Tovx). A 12-week strength training that consisted to climb a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights secured to rats in tail was used. The session was performed once every 3 days with a 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb. The muscle soleus lipid content (mg/100mg tissue) was determined by sulfo-vanilin reaction. For statistical analyzes ANOVA was used with p ≤ 0.05. The muscle soleus lipid content was significantly higher in S (2.61±0.31), Sovx (4.28±0.44) and Tovx (3.54±0.36) groups when compared with the T group (0.75±0.15). The S group showed lower values compared with Sovx and Tovx groups. Resistance training decreased lipid content in ovariectomized rats (Tovx) as compared with Sovx group. Ovariectomy increase soleus muscle lipid content, which is decreased by resistance training. Resistance training alone decrease muscle lipid content, indicating an important clinical effect

Ácido linoléico conjugado (CLA) reduz lipídeo em músculo esquelético de ratos submetidos a treinamento de natação.

A suplementação com ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) tem sido relacionada com a perda de peso corporal, diminuição da massa gorda, efeitos no metabolismo de lipídeos e na taxa metabólica de repouso. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de lipídeos, proteínas e glicogênio em tecidos de ratos Wistar mantidos com dieta suplementada com CLA e submetidos ao treinamento de natação. Os resultados indicaram redução de lipídeos e aumento de glicogênio no músculo esquelético. Não foram verificadas alterações nos outros parâmetros analisados em tecidos hepático, cardíaco e muscular

Alterações no fluxo de Ca2+ mitocondrial causadas por T. Butil hidroperoxido e pelo antibiotico X-537a

Orientador : Lucia Pereira da SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: Mitocôndrias isoladas de fígado de rato, energizadas pela oxidação de succinato ou pela hidrólise de ATP apresentam um aumento transitório na velocidade de efluxo de Ca2+ concomitante com a oxidação do NAD(P)H pelo hidroperóxido, quando suspensas em um meio contendo ATP 3mM, Mg2+ 4mM, acetato como ânion permeante e moderada concentração de Ca2+. Isto ocorre paralelamente a um aumento no estado de fluxo constante da concentração de Ca2+ extramitocondrial, decréscimo de, aumento na velocidade de respiração e inchamento mitocondrial. Com exceção do inchamento todos os outros eventos eram reversíveis. Se o movimento cíclico de Ca2+ era prevenido por vermelho de rutênio, o decréscimo de, a velocidade de respiração e a extensão do inchamento mitocondrial eram significantemente diminuídos. Nessas condições, não houve decréscimo significativo no conteúdo de nucleotídeos de piridina mitocondriais e o acoplamento mitocondrial era preservado após um ciclo de efluxo e recaptação de Ca2+. Por outro lado, mitocôndrias de fígado de rato incubadas na presença do antibiótico X-537A, apresentam uma maior captação de Ca2+, baixando o estado de fluxo constante da concentração extramitocondrial do íon; um aumento de e inibição do efluxo de Ca2+ induzido por hidroperóxido ou vermelho de rutênio. ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digitalAbstract: Isolated rat liver mitochondria, energized either by succinate oxidation or ATP hydrolysis present a transient increase in the rate of Ca2+ efflux concomitant to NAD(P)H oxidation by hydroperoxides when suspended in a médium contaning 3mM ATP, 4mM Mg2+, acetate as permeant anion and moderate Ca2+ concentrations. This is paralelled by an increase in the steady state concenration of extramitochondrial Ca2+, a decrease in, an increase in the rate of respiration and mitochondrial swelling. With the exception of mitochondrial swelling all other events were found to be reversible. If Ca2+ cycling was prevented by ruthenium red, the decrease in , the rate of respiration and the extent of mitochondrial swelling were significantly diminished. In addition, the was no significant decrease in the content of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides. Mitochondrial coupling was preserved after a cycling of Ca2+ release and reuptake under these experimental conditions. On the other hand, rat liver mitochondria incubated in the presence of antibiotic X-537A present a decrease in the steady state concentration of extramitochondrial Ca2+, an increase in and inhibition of ruthenium red or hydroperoxide-induced Ca2+ efflux. The results indicate that alterations in the t-butyl hydroperoxide and X-537A induced Ca2+ flux are related with structural changes of mitochondria, changing the membrane permeability to the cation. ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertationsMestradoBioquimicaMestre em Ciências Biológica

Sterol methenyl transferase inhibitors alter the ultrastructure and function of the Leishmania amazonensis mitochondrion leading to potent growth inhibition

10 p. : il.We describe here the effects of Δ 24(25) sterol methenyl transferase inhibitors (SMTI) on promastigote and axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. When these cells were exposed to 20-piperidin-2-yl-5α-pregnan-3β-20-diol (22,26-azasterol; AZA), hydrazone-imidazol-2-yl-5α-pregnan- 3b-ol (IMI), 20-hydrazone-pyridin-2-yl-5a-pregnan-3β-ol (PYR) or 24(R,S),25-epiiminolanosterol (EIL), a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of growth was observed, with IC50 values in the submicromolar range. Ultrastructural alterations in treated cells were mainly observed in the mitochondrion, which displayed an intense swelling and a reduction of the electron density of the matrix with remarkable changes in the inner mitochondrial membranes. Mitochondrial transmembrane electric potential (DW) was measured using spectrophotometric methods in control and treated promastigotes permeabilized with digitonin. After energization with the substrates for complexes I, II or IV of the respiratory chain, it was possible to detect marked changes of DW in promastigotes treated with 1 lM of the SMTI for 48 or 72 h when compared with normal cells, indicating that these compounds led to the loss of the energy-transducing properties of the mitochondrial inner membrane, probably related to the alteration of its lipid composition. The present study confirms these findings, showing that in Leishmania amazonensis the mitochondrial complex appears to be the first organelle affected after treatment with different SMTI

Resistance training improves body composition and increases matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in biceps and gastrocnemius muscles of diet-induced obese rats

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of resistance training on body composition and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in skeletal muscles of rats fed a high-fat diet. METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n&#8202;=&#8202;8/each) according to diet and exercise status: Control (standard diet), Obese Control (high-fat diet), Resistance Training (standard diet) and Obese Resistance Training (high-fat diet) groups. Animals were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to promote excessive weight gain. Resistance Training groups performed 12 weeks of training periods after this period in a vertical ladder three times/week. Fat percentage, fat-free mass and fat mass were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in biceps and gastrocnemius muscles was analyzed using zymography. RESULTS: Resistance training significantly reduced body and fat masses and fat percentages in both trained groups (p<0.05). The maximal carrying load between trained groups was not different, but relative force was higher in the Resistance Training group (p<0.05). Of note, increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity was noted in the tested muscles of both trained groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, altered body composition and muscle matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity promoted by excessive weight gain were positively modified by resistance training

Teores de fluoreto na água de propriedades da zona rural do município de Ãguas da Prata, SP.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de fluoreto na água de propriedades da zona rural do Município de Ãguas da Prata, SP. Trinta e três amostras de água foram coletadas de quatro propriedades, no período de fevereiro a abril de 2005. As análises de flúor foram realizadas através de método potenciométrico, utilizando eletrodo seletivo ao íon fluoreto. Os resultados observados foram de 0,18 a 4,60 mg/L, com 72,7% das amostras com concentração de fluoreto abaixo de 0,6 mg/L, que corresponde à concentração mínima necessária estabelecida para água potável. Palavras-chave: análise de água, fluoreto, zona rural. ABSTRACT The present work has the objective to evaluate the fluoride concentration in water of rural zone property of the district of Ãguas da Prata, SP, Brazil. Thirty three coming samples of water were collected from of 4 properties, in the period of February to April of 2005. The fluoride analysis was determinated through electrode of selective ion by the method potentiometric. The concentration of fluoride in water samples ranged from 0,18 to 4,60 mg/l and 72,7% presented fluoride levels below 0,6 mg/L, not according to the Brazilian drinking water standard. Keywords: water analysis, fluoride, rural zone.</div