Influence du débit d’oxygène et de son humidification sur la pression partielle et la fraction inspirée en oxygène lors de l’utilisation d’une cage à oxygène chez le chat anesthésié au réveil : une étude in vivo

Chez le chat, la mise en place d’une supplémentation en oxygène est délicate. Cette étude a pour objectif de décrire les variations de la pression partielle en oxygène (PpO2) et la fraction inspirée en oxygène (FiO2) dans une cage à oxygène chez des chats sains au réveil d’une anesthésie. Cette étude prospective a été réalisée sur 73 chats intubés. A la fin de l’anesthésie (T0), les chats ont été transférés dans une cage à oxygène (T50M, Vetario, UK). Le débit d’oxygène a été fixé à 1, 3 et 5 L/min, avec ou sans humidificateur (groupes 1H, 1, 3H, 3, 5H, 5 respectivement). La FiO2 et la SpO2 du patient, la PpO2 dans la cage, la température dans la cage, l’humidité relative, et la pression partielle en dioxyde de carbone ont été relevées à T0 puis toutes les 30 secondes jusqu’à l’extubation. Plusieurs tests statistiques été utilisés pour comparer les variations de la FiO2 et de la PpO2 au cours du temps ainsi que leurs valeurs à T0 et T30. Les valeurs basales étaient significativement semblables. L’augmentation de la PpO2 et était significativement différente entre les 3 débits indépendamment de l’humidité relative. Les valeurs entre T0 et T30 étaient statistiquement différentes entre les groupes 1H et 1 comparés à 3H, 3 et 5H, 5 respectivement. La FiO2 présentait une évolution similaire en fonction du temps

The genus \u3cem\u3eChaerilus\u3c/em\u3e Simon, 1877 (Scorpiones, Chaerilidae) in the Indian Ocean Islands and description of a new species

A new species is described belonging to the genus Chaerilus Simon, 1877. Chaerilus andamanensis sp. n. was discovered in the Island of Little Andaman in the Indian Ocean. The new species shows affinities with Chaerilus variegatus Simon, 1877 and Chaerilus borneensis Simon, 1880, respectively described from Java and Borneo. This s the first record of the genus Chaerilus in the Andaman Islands

Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: a retrospective analysis of recidivism, survival and risk factors predisposing to alcohol relapse

Background and study aims : Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the second most common indication for liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alcohol relapse rate and long-term survival after liver transplantation for ALD and to identify risk factors predisposing to alcohol relapse. Patients and methods : Between 2000 and 2007, 108 patients transplanted for ALD in the Ghent University Hospital were included in this retrospective analysis. Relapse was defined as any drinking after transplantation, problem drinking as more than 2 units/day for women and 3 units/day for men. A wide range of variables was obtained from a questionnaire and medical records. Results : The mean follow-up was 55 months. Relapse was observed in 29%, 16% in problem drinking. The one-and five-year survival was 87% and 74% respectively. No significant difference in survival was found between non-relapsers, occasional drinkers and problem drinkers. The following risk factors were found to be significantly associated with relapse into problem drinking in an univariate analysis : a shorter pre-transplant abstinence period, the presence of a first degree relative with alcohol abuse and a higher number of prior attempts to quit. In multivariable analysis, the presence of a first degree relative with alcohol abuse was found associated with relapse into problem drinking. Conclusions : The presence of a first degree relative with alcohol abuse is a valuable pre-transplant variable evaluating an ALD patient's eligibility for liver transplantation. Other variables are also helpful to outline the broader context of the drinking behavior of the patient

Transferrin receptor 1 mRNA is downregulated in placenta of hepcidin transgenic embryos

AbstractWe have previously shown that hepcidin transgenic embryos are severely anemic and die around birth. Here, we report that embryonic hepcidin transgene expression decreases transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) mRNA level in placenta, as shown by cDNA microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, by a mechanism which is independent of placenta iron content and iron responsive element/iron regulatory protein (IRE/IRP) activity. On the contrary, iron injections into pregnant mothers result in increased placenta iron and ferritin content, and reduced IRE binding activity of IRP1 leading to decreased TfR1 mRNA level. Taken together, these results suggest that hepcidin action on placenta is mostly through transcriptional downregulation of the iron uptake machinery

APPLICATION DU MODELE INVERSE AUX INTERACTIONS EAU-ROCHE DANS LES EAUX SOUTERRAINES DES METAGRANODIORITES, SUD-EST COTE D’IVOIRE

In Ivory Cost, few studies have been performed on the process of water-rock interactions in aquifers of basement. The study aim is to provide, from an inverse model by usgs program “phreeqci”, orders of magnitude of the mass transfer from each mineral during the process of water mineralization in the aquifer of metagranodiorites. We use mineralogy and geochemistry of water and rocks. The mineralogical study indicated paragenesis of plagioclase-feldspar-chlorite-biotite and amphibole. Kaolinite is assumed to be the clay product of silicate minerals hydrolysis in the study area. The simulation provided dissolution rate of 8.3 10-4 mol l-1 for plagioclase, 1.7 10-4 mol l-1 for chlorite, 9.4 10-5 mol l-1 for biotite and 2.3 10- 5 mol l-1 for amphibole during water-rock interaction process occurred 15,000 years ago

Diversity of phytopathogenic polypores and their interaction with host plants in three biotopes in western Burkina Faso

In order to provide data on polypore identification and their taxonomy, survey studies were undertaken in tree biotope of polypore occurrence. The main objective of this study was to provide a scientific database on the diversity of phytopathogenic polypore and interactions with the host plants in their biotope. Transects of 1 km length covering a width of 50 m were selected at each site. Basidiomes were collected along the transects from roots, trunks and/or branches of forest species Sixty-three species of polypore were identified on twenty-three species of host plants belonging to eleven families. The families most prone to polypore infection were Fabaceae, Apocynaceae, Combretaceae, Anacardiaceae and Caesalpiniaceae. These phytopathogenic polypore were annual to perennial. They grow on roots, trunks and branches of trees and shrubs causing crown and root rots, and trunk cankers on the host plants. The genus Phellinus was the most represented in the agrosystems and in the classified forest of Kou. Similarly, the terricolous species represented by the genera Ganoderma, Amauroderma and Laetiporus were found mainly in the classified forest of Niangoloko and gallery forests of Dan.  &nbsp

PARP3 affects the relative contribution of homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining pathways

The repair of toxic double-strand breaks (DSB) is critical for the maintenance of genome integrity. The major mechanisms that cope with DSB are: homologous recombination (HR) and classical or alternative nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ versus A-EJ). Because these pathways compete for the repair of DSB, the choice of the appropriate repair pathway is pivotal. Among the mechanisms that influence this choice, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) end resection plays a critical role by driving cells to HR, while accurate C-NHEJ is suppressed. Furthermore, end resection promotes error-prone A-EJ. Increasing evidence define Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 (PARP3, also known as ARTD3) as an important player in cellular response to DSB. In this work, we reveal a specific feature of PARP3 that together with Ku80 limits DNA end resection and thereby helps in making the choice between HR and NHEJ pathways. PARP3 interacts with and PARylates Ku70/Ku80. The depletion of PARP3 impairs the recruitment of YFP-Ku80 to laser-induced DNA damage sites and induces an imbalance between BRCA1 and 53BP1. Both events result in compromised accurate C-NHEJ and a concomitant increase in DNA end resection. Nevertheless, HR is significantly reduced upon PARP3 silencing while the enhanced end resection causes mutagenic deletions during A-EJ. As a result, the absence of PARP3 confers hypersensitivity to anti-tumoral drugs generating DSB

Systematic survey of variants in TBX1 in non-syndromic tetralogy of Fallot identifies a novel 57 base pair deletion that reduces transcriptional activity but finds no evidence for association with common variants

Background Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is common in individuals with hemizygous deletions of chromosome 22q11.2 that remove the cardiac transcription factor TBX1.Objective To assess the contribution of common and rare TBX1 genetic variants to TOF.Design Rare TBX1 variants were sought by resequencing coding exons and splice-site boundaries. Common TBX1 variants were investigated by genotyping 20 haplotype-tagging SNPs capturing all the common variations present at the locus. Association analysis was performed using the program UNPHASED.Patients TBX1 exons were sequenced in 93 patients with non-syndromic TOF. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis was performed in 356 patients with TOF, their parents and healthy controls.Results Three novel variants not present in 1000 chromosomes from healthy ethnically matched controls were identified. One of these variants, an in-frame 57 base-pair deletion in the third exon which removed 19 evolutionarily conserved residues, decreased transcriptional activity by 40% in a dual luciferase assay (p=0.008). Protein expression studies demonstrated that this mutation affected TBX1 protein stability. After correction for multiple comparisons, no significant associations between common genetic variants and TOF susceptibility were found.Conclusion This study demonstrates that rare TBX1 variants with functional consequences are present in a small proportion of non-syndromic TOF