Kaluza-Klein Type Robertson Walker Cosmological Model With Dynamical Cosmological Term Λ\Lambda

In this paper we have analyzed the Kaluza-Klein type Robertson Walker (RW) cosmological models by considering three different forms of variable $\Lambda$: $\Lambda\sim(\frac{\dot{a}}{a})^2$,$\Lambda\sim(\frac{\ddot{a}} {a})$ and $\Lambda \sim \rho$. It is found that, the connecting free parameters of the models with cosmic matter and vacuum energy density parameters are equivalent, in the context of higher dimensional space time. The expression for the look back time, luminosity distance and angular diameter distance are also derived. This work has thus generalized to higher dimensions the well-known results in four dimensional space time. It is found that there may be significant difference in principle at least, from the analogous situation in four dimensional space time.Comment: 16 pages, no figur

Higher Dimensional Cosmological Implications Of A Decay Law For Λ\Lambda Term : Expressions For Some Observable Quantities

Implications of cosmological model with a cosmological term of the form $\Lambda = \beta \frac{\ddot {a}}{a}$, where $\beta$ is a constant, are analyzed in multidimensional space time. The proper distance, the luminosity distance-redshift, the angular diameter distance-redshift, and look back time-redshift for the model are presented. It has been shown that such models are found to be compatible with the recent observations. This work has thus generalized to higher dimensions the well-know result in four dimensional space time. It is found that there may be significant difference in principle at least,from the analogous situation in four dimensional space time.Comment: 11 pages, no figur

Plane-symmetric inhomogeneous magnetized viscous fluid universe with a variable Λ\Lambda

The behavior of magnetic field in plane symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological models for bulk viscous distribution is investigated. The coefficient of bulk viscosity is assumed to be a power function of mass density $(\xi =\xi_{0}\rho^{n})$. The values of cosmological constant for these models are found to be small and positive which are supported by the results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric aspects of the models are also discussed.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex, no figur

Spinor condensates and light scattering from Bose-Einstein condensates

These notes discuss two aspects of the physics of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates: optical properties and spinor condensates. The first topic includes light scattering experiments which probe the excitations of a condensate in both the free-particle and phonon regime. At higher light intensity, a new form of superradiance and phase-coherent matter wave amplification were observed. We also discuss properties of spinor condensates and describe studies of ground--state spin domain structures and dynamical studies which revealed metastable excited states and quantum tunneling.Comment: 58 pages, 33 figures, to appear in Proceedings of Les Houches 1999 Summer School, Session LXXI

Before and After: Comparison of Legacy and Harmonized TCGA Genomic Data Commons’ Data

We present a systematic analysis of the effects of synchronizing a large-scale, deeply characterized, multi-omic dataset to the current human reference genome, using updated software, pipelines, and annotations. For each of 5 molecular data platforms in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)—mRNA and miRNA expression, single nucleotide variants, DNA methylation and copy number alterations—comprehensive sample, gene, and probe-level studies were performed, towards quantifying the degree of similarity between the ‘legacy’ GRCh37 (hg19) TCGA data and its GRCh38 (hg38) version as ‘harmonized’ by the Genomic Data Commons. We offer gene lists to elucidate differences that remained after controlling for confounders, and strategies to mitigate their impact on biological interpretation. Our results demonstrate that the hg19 and hg38 TCGA datasets are very highly concordant, promote informed use of either legacy or harmonized omics data, and provide a rubric that encourages similar comparisons as new data emerge and reference data evolve. Gao et al. performed a systematic analysis of the effects of synchronizing the large-scale, widely used, multi-omic dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas to the current human reference genome. For each of the five molecular data platforms assessed, they demonstrated a very high concordance between the ‘legacy’ GRCh37 (hg19) TCGA data and its GRCh38 (hg38) version as ‘harmonized’ by the Genomic Data Commons

Measurement of the Tau Branching Fractions into Leptons

Using data collected with the L3 detector near the Z resonance, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 150pb-1, the branching fractions of the tau lepton into electron and muon are measured to be B(tau->e nu nu) = (17.806 +- 0.104 (stat.) +- 0.076 (syst.)) %, B(tau->mu nu nu) = (17.342 +- 0.110 (stat.) +- 0.067 (syst.)) %. From these results the ratio of the charged current coupling constants of the muon and the electron is determined to be g_mu/g_e = 1.0007 +- 0.0051. Assuming electron-muon universality, the Fermi constant is measured in tau lepton decays as G_F = (1.1616 +- 0.0058) 10^{-5} GeV^{-2}. Furthermore, the coupling constant of the strong interaction at the tau mass scale is obtained as alpha_s(m_tau^2) = 0.322 +- 0.009 (exp.) +- 0.015 (theory)

Bianchi II with time varying constants. Self-similar approach

We study a perfect fluid Bianchi II models with time varying constants under the self-similarity approach. In the first of the studied model, we consider that only vary $G$ and $\Lambda.$ The obtained solution is more general that the obtained one for the classical solution since it is valid for an equation of state $\omega\in(-1,\infty)$ while in the classical solution $\omega\in(-1/3,1) .$ Taking into account the current observations, we conclude that $G$ must be a growing time function while $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function. In the second of the studied models we consider a variable speed of light (VSL). We obtain a similar solution as in the first model arriving to the conclusions that $c$ must be a growing time function if $\Lambda$ is a positive decreasing function.Comment: 10 pages. RevTeX

The chromatin accessibility landscape of primary human cancers

We present the genome-wide chromatin accessibility profiles of 410 tumor samples spanning 23 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).We identify 562,709 transposase-accessible DNA elements that substantially extend the compendium of known cis-regulatory elements. Integration of ATAC-seq (the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing) with TCGA multi-omic data identifies a large number of putative distal enhancers that distinguish molecular subtypes of cancers, uncovers specific driving transcription factors via protein-DNA footprints, and nominates long-range gene-regulatory interactions in cancer. These data reveal genetic risk loci of cancer predisposition as active DNA regulatory elements in cancer, identify gene-regulatory interactions underlying cancer immune evasion, and pinpoint noncoding mutations that drive enhancer activation and may affect patient survival. These results suggest a systematic approach to understanding the noncoding genome in cancer to advance diagnosis and therapy

Characterizing the genetic basis of methylome diversity in histologically normal human lung tissue

The genetic regulation of the human epigenome is not fully appreciated. Here we describe the effects of genetic variants on the DNA methylome in human lung based on methylation-quantitative trait loci (meQTL) analyses. We report 34,304 cis- and 585 trans-meQTLs, a genetic-epigenetic interaction of surprising magnitude, including a regulatory hotspot. These findings are replicated in both breast and kidney tissues and show distinct patterns: cis-meQTLs mostly localize to CpG sites outside of genes, promoters and CpG islands (CGIs), while trans-meQTLs are over-represented in promoter CGIs. meQTL SNPs are enriched in CTCF-binding sites, DNaseI hypersensitivity regions and histone marks. Importantly, four of the five established lung cancer risk loci in European ancestry are cis-meQTLs and, in aggregate, cis-meQTLs are enriched for lung cancer risk in a genome-wide analysis of 11,587 subjects. Thus, inherited genetic variation may affect lung carcinogenesis by regulating the human methylome