Usefulness of Bayesian networks in epidemiological studies

Introduction: Bayesian networks are a form of statistical modelling, which has been widely used in fields like clinical decision, systems biology, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza research, analyses of complex disease systems, interactions between multiple diseases and, also, in diagnostic diseases. The present study aimed to show the usefulness of Bayesian networks (BNs) in epidemiological studies. Material and Methods: 3,993 subjects (men 1,758, women 2,235) belonging to the public productive sector from the Balearic Islands (Spain), which were active workers, constitute the data set. Results: A BN was built from a dataset composed of twelve relevant features in cardiovascular disease epidemiology. Furthermore, the structure and parameters were learnt with GeNIe 2.0 tool. Taking into account the main topological properties some features were optimized, obtaining a hypothesized scenario where the likelihoods of the different features were updated and the adequate conclusions were established. Conclusions: Bayesian networks allow us to obtain a hypothetical scenario where the probabilities of the different features are updated according to the evidence that is introduced. This fact makes Bayesian networks a very attractive tool.Introducción: Las redes Bayesianas son una forma de modelización estadística, las cuales han sido ampliamente utilizadas en campos como la decisión clínica, biología de sistemas, virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) e investigación en influenza, análisis de sistemas de enfermedades complejos, interacciones entre múltiples enfermedades y, también, en enfermedades de diagnóstico. Este estudio tiene como objetivo mostrar la utilidad de las redes Bayesianas en estudios epidemiológicos. Material y Métodos: 3,993 individuos (hombres 1,758, mujeres 2,235) pertenecientes al sector productivo público de las Islas Baleares (España), los cuales eran trabajadores activos, constituyen la base de datos. Resultados: Una red Bayesiana se ha obtenido a partir de una base de datos compuesta de doce características relevantes de la epidemiología de la enfermedad cardiovascular. Por otra parte, la estructura y los parámetros se han obtenido con la herramienta Genie 2.0. Teniendo en cuenta las principales propiedades topológicas algunas características fueron optimizadas. Conclusiones: Las redes Bayesianas permiten obtener un escenario hipotético donde las probabilidades de las diferentes características se van actualizando de acuerdo con la evidencia introducida. Este hecho hace de las redes Bayesianas una herramienta muy atractiva, además permite establecer diversas conclusiones

Evaluar para un mundo en transformación : metodología e instrumentos de actitudes aplicados en el proyecto PIEARCTS

La evaluación de las creencias y actitudes de estudiantes y profesorado hacia los temas CTS, como indicadores de alfabetización científica y tecnológica, constituye un problema relevante de la investigación actual. Sin embargo, este diagnóstico no es sencillo por la naturaleza compleja del objeto evaluado y las propias dificultades de validez y fiabilidad de los procedimientos e instrumentos de evaluación. Los instrumentos empíricamente desarrollados como el Cuestionario de Opiniones sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (COCTS) han supuesto un avance para resolver estos problemas. Esta comunicación presenta la metodología de evaluación innovadora, propia, común y contrastada del proyecto de investigación cooperativo internacional (PIEARCTS), objeto del simposio, donde se describen las dos formas de los instrumentos aplicados, los procedimientos, resultados sobre la validez y la fiabilidad

FUZZY LOGIC BASED ADAPTATION MECHANISM FOR ADAPTIVE LUENBERGER OBSERVER SENSORLESS DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR

Many industrial applications require high performance speed sensorless operation and demand new control methods in order to obtain fast dynamic response and insensitive to external disturbances. The current research aims to present the performance of the sensorless direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor (IM) using adaptive Luenberger observer (ALO) with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for adaptation mechanism. The rotor speed is regulated by proportional integral (PI) anti-windup controller. The proposed strategy is directed to reduce the ripple on the torque and the flux. Numerical simulation results show the good performance and effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control for different references of the speed even both low and high speeds

Les Biblioteques i cases de cultura de "la Caixa" a les Illes Balears (1929-1999) = The libraries and cultural centres of "la Caixa" in the Balearic Islands (1929-1999)

En aquest article pretenem donar a conèixer la història de les biblioteques i cases de cultura de la Caixa a les Illes Balears des de la seva fundació el 1929 fins al tancament de la darrera biblioteca de Palma, el 1999, tot emmarcant-les dins l'anomenada Obra Social de la Caixa. Per a aquesta tasca ens hem fonamentat, entre d'altres, en fonts documentals escrites i orals, mecanografiades i/o fotocopiades, procedents de l'Arxiu Històric de la Caixa de Barcelona.In this article we try to explain the work and story of the Libraries and Cuktural Centers of the Bank La Caixa, since their foundation in 1929 until 1999, year in that the last Library was closed. All these Institutionspartoke in the called Social Action of La Caixa. For this article we have work with oral and writen documents, typed or photocopied, from the Historic Archives of the Bank in Barcelona

Infermeria Comunitària II (1710)

Abstract not availabl

Ex vivo fluorescent confocal microscopy to guide micrographic mohs surgery

Standard surgery is generally considered the treatment of choice for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). However, even with surgery, there are several tumor characteristics that are associated with higher recurrence rates. These include tumors located around the eyes, nose, lips, and ears; morpheic, infiltrative, micronodular, and basosquamous histopathological subtypes; BCCs with ill-defined margins; recurrent lesions; incompletely excised lesions; and perineural or perivascular involvement. Thus, in these instances, BCCs are preferably treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), which allows for complete examination of all residual tumor margins, minimizing the risk of recurrence and avoiding unnecessary removal of healthy tissue

Histeria e feminilidade Histeria and femininity

Discute-se a feminilidade nos dias de hoje a partir da abertura discursiva introduzida pelos estudos sobre a histeria, de Freud. A própria definição da clínica psicanalítica é remetida às modalidades de defesa contra a posição feminina e ao que ela veicula de diferença radical, aqui associada à castração. Mediante apresentação de uma "nota" clínica, aborda-se a feminilidade frente à inscrição e à relação dos sexos, evidenciando-se a função simbólica de uma mãe. A posição feminina na transmissão é tratada pelo viés da nomeação. A pesquisa clínica sobre a histeria indica que a posição feminina submetida à castração simbólica revela-se condição da flexão do nome e produção de diferença.<br>The article discusses femininity in the contemporary world from the point of view of Freud's Studies on Histeria. The definition of the psychoanalytic clinical practice itself is referred to the modes of defense against the feminine position and the radical difference it imparts. The latter here is associated to castration. Using the presentation of a clinical "note", it approaches femininity in face of both inscription and sexual relations and highlights the symbolic function of the mother. The feminine position in transmission is treated through nomination. The clinical research on histeria indicates that the feminine position under symbolic castration reveals the conditions for the utterance of the name and for the production of difference