El tratamiento con relaxina estimula la diferenciación de células madre mesenquimales en osteoblastos

Resumen Antecedentes/objetivo: Varios estudios han determinado que la relaxina estimula la diferenciación y regula la actividad de los osteoclastos maduros, pero se sabe poco sobre su efecto en la diferenciación de las células mesenquimales hacia el linaje osteogénico. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la relaxina sobre la proliferación y diferenciación del linaje osteoblástico de células mesenquimales derivadas de pulpa dental humana (hDPSC). Materiales y métodos: En este estudio in vitro, las hDPSC fueron caracterizadas y tratadas con relaxina a diferentes dosis (10e80 ng/ml) y tiempos (1e21 días). La morfología se evaluó mediante microscopía y la proliferación mediante un ensayo de resazurina. La diferenciación osteoblástica se evaluó mediante tinción con rojo alizarina, marcaje con fosfatasa alcalina (ALP) y cambios en la expresión de los genes de diferenciación osteoblástica RUNX2 y BMP2. Resultados: El tratamiento con relaxina no indujo cambios en la proliferación o viabilidad de las hDPSCs; sin embargo, se observaron células más grandes y una mayor prolongación citoplasmática. El tratamiento con relaxina (20 y 80 ng/ml) aumentó significativamente la formación de nódulos calcificados en los días 14 y 21. Las señales citoquímicas para la expresión de los genes ALP, RUNX2 y BMP2 aumentaron significativamente (P < 0,05) con el tratamiento con relaxina.Abstract Background/purpose: Several studies have determined that relaxin stimulates differentiation and regulates the activity of mature osteoclasts, but little is known about its effect on the differentiation of mesenchymal cells towards the osteogenic lineage. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of relaxin on the proliferation and differentiation of the osteoblastic lineage of mesenchymal cells derived from human dental pulp (hDPSC). Materials and methods: In this in vitro study, hDPSC were characterized and treated with relaxin at different doses (10e80 ng/ml) and times (1e21 days). Morphology was assessed by microscopy, and proliferation was assessed using a resazurin assay. Osteoblastic differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) labeling, and changes in the expression of the osteoblastic differentiation genes RUNX2 and BMP2. Results: Relaxin treatment did not induce changes in the proliferation or viability of hDPSCs; however, larger cells and increased cytoplasmic prolongation were observed. Relaxin treatment (20 and 80 ng/ml) significantly increased calcified nodule formation on days 14 and 21. The cytochemical signals for ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 gene expression were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by the relaxin treatment

Effect of folic acid on animal models, cell cultures, and human oral clefts: a literature review

Background Folate is a naturally occurring, water-soluble B vitamin. The synthetic form of this compound is folic acid (FA), the deficiency of which is linked to neural tube disorders (NTD), which can be prevented by consuming it before, or during the early months of, pregnancy. However, the effect of FA on oral cleft formation remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to review the evidence concerning the effect of FA on the formation of cleft lip and palate (CLP) in both animals and humans, as well as its impact on different cell types. A search was conducted on various databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Central, for articles published until January 2020. Main body Current systematic reviews indicate that FA, alone or in combination with other vitamins, prevents NTD; however, there is no consensus on whether its consumption can prevent CLP formation. Conversely, the protective effect of FA on palatal cleft (CP) induction has been inferred from animal models; additionally, in vitro studies enumerate a cell-type and dose-dependent effect of FA on cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation, hence bolstering evidence from epidemiological studies. Conclusions Meta-analysis, animal models, and in vitro studies demonstrated the protective effect of FA against isolated CP; however, the heterogeneity of treatment protocols, doses, and FA administration method, as well as the different cell types used in in vitro studies, does not conclusively establish whether FA prevents CLP formation

Effect of Vitamins D and E on the Proliferation, Viability, and Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study

Introduction. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of vitamins D and E on the proliferation, morphology, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods. In this in vitro experimental study, hDPSCs were isolated, characterized, and treated with vitamins D and E, individually and in combination, utilizing different doses and treatment periods. Changes in morphology and cell proliferation were evaluated using light microscopy and the resazurin assay, respectively. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated with alizarin red S staining and expression of RUNX2, Osterix, and Osteocalcin genes using real-time RT-PCR. Results. Compared with untreated cells, the number of cells significantly reduced following treatment with vitamin D (49%), vitamin E (35%), and vitamins D + E (61%) after 144 h. Compared with cell cultures treated with individual vitamins, cells treated with vitamins D + E demonstrated decreased cell confluence, with more extensive and flatter cytoplasm that initiated the formation of a significantly large number of calcified nodules after 7 days of treatment. After 14 days, treatment with vitamins D, E, and D + E increased the transcription of RUNX2, Osterix, and Osteocalcin genes. Conclusions. Vitamins D and E induced osteoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs, as evidenced by the decrease in cell proliferation, morphological changes, and the formation of calcified nodules, increasing the expression of differentiation genes. Concurrent treatment with vitamins D + E induces a synergistic effect in differentiation toward an osteoblastic lineage

Retinoic and ascorbic acids induce osteoblast differentiation from human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells

Previous studies have suggested an important role of retinoic acid (RA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in the stimulationof osteoblastic differentiation; however, the function of RA and AA in the osteogenic differentiation from humandental pulp (hDPSCs) remains unclear.Objective:Thisin vitrostudy investigated the effects of RA and AA on the differentiation of osteoblast fromhDPSCs.Methods:hDPSCs were treated with different doses of RA and AA, separately or in combination (RAþAA).Morphology and cell proliferation were assessed. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated by alizarin red, alkalinephosphatase staining, andRUNX2gene expression.Results:A significant reduction was observed in the number of cells treated with RA (26%) and RAþAA (30%)after 12 days of treatment. AA treatment alone induced a 12% reduction in the number of cells. Morphologically,the cells treated with RA and RAþAA were larger and more elongated than the control cells. A mesh pattern wasobserved in cells treated with AA. Numerous calcified nodules were present in cells treated with RA, AA, and RAþAA. This coincided with increased expression ofRUNX2and high alkaline phosphatase staining levels.Conclusions:hDPSCs treated with RA and RAþAA showed significant reduction in proliferation, detectablemorphological changes, and expression of the key differentiation geneRUNX2, consistent with an osteoblastphenotype. AA induced morphological changes and early formation of calcified nodules. RA had a predominanteffect when AA and RA were used together

Manejo quirúrgico y ortodóntico del incisivo central permanente impactado en posición ectópica: reporte de un caso

The incidence of impacted incisor teeth is 4%. This article presents the case of a 9-year-old female patient who was referred to the postdoctoral pediatric dentistry clinic at the University El Bosque for extraction of an upper central incisor with a history of dentoalveolar trauma at age seven and surgical window to allow eruption of tooth 21. The retention of tooth 11 was confirmed through clinical examination, X-ray analysis, and computerized axial tomography scan. The treatment included performing surgical-orthodontic procedures through surgical window to expose tooth 11, orthodontic tooth traction and pendulum movement to regain space for 16 months, and 4×2 orthodontic technique to align upper incisors. The report includes a three-year follow-up of the case with analysis of possible risks and complications. A comprehensive management is important to achieve the goals, minimize possible complications that may arise in the treatment of impacted teeth.KEYWORDSimpacted tooth; ectopic tooth eruption; incisor; computerized axial tomography; orthodontictractionLos incisivos impactados tienen una incidencia del 4 %. Este artículo presenta el caso de una niña de 9 años de edad, quien fue remitida a la clínica de posgrado en odontología pediátrica de la Universidad El Bosque para exodoncia de un incisivo central superior permanente. La paciente tenía antecedentes de trauma dentoalveolar a los 7 años de edad y ventana quirúrgica para erupción del diente 21. Mediante examen clínico, radiografías y tomografía axial computarizada se confirmó la retención del diente 11. Se decidió realizar manejo quirúrgico-ortodóntico con ventana quirúrgica para exponer el 11, tracción ortodóntica y péndulo para reganar espacio en un sector posterior durante 16 meses y técnica de 4 × 2 para alinear los incisivos superiores. Se presenta el seguimiento de la paciente durante 3 años y se analizan los posibles riesgos y complicaciones. El manejo integral es importante para lograr los objetivos propuestos, y minimizar las posibles complicaciones que puedan presentarse en el tratamiento los dientes impactados

Manejo quirúrgico y ortodóntico del incisivo central permanente impactado en posición ectópica: reporte de un caso

The incidence of impacted incisor teeth is 4%. This article presents the case of a 9-year-old female patient who was referred to the postdoctoral pediatric dentistry clinic at the University El Bosque for extraction of an upper central incisor with a history of dentoalveolar trauma at age seven and surgical window to allow eruption of tooth 21. The retention of tooth 11 was confirmed through clinical examination, X-ray analysis, and computerized axial tomography scan. The treatment included performing surgical-orthodontic procedures through surgical window to expose tooth 11, orthodontic tooth traction and pendulum movement to regain space for 16 months, and 4×2 orthodontic technique to align upper incisors. The report includes a three-year follow-up of the case with analysis of possible risks and complications. A comprehensive management is important to achieve the goals, minimize possible complications that may arise in the treatment of impacted teeth.Los incisivos impactados tienen una incidencia del 4 %. Este artículo presenta el caso de una niña de 9 años de edad, quien fue remitida a la clínica de posgrado en odontología pediátrica de la Universidad El Bosque para exodoncia de un incisivo central superior permanente. La paciente tenía antecedentes de trauma dentoalveolar a los 7 años de edad y ventana quirúrgica para erupción del diente 21. Mediante examen clínico, radiografías y tomografía axial computarizada se confirmó la retención del diente 11. Se decidió realizar manejo quirúrgico-ortodóntico con ventana quirúrgica para exponer el 11, tracción ortodóntica y péndulo para reganar espacio en un sector posterior durante 16 meses y técnica de 4 × 2 para alinear los incisivos superiores. Se presenta el seguimiento de la paciente durante 3 años y se analizan los posibles riesgos y complicaciones. El manejo integral es importante para lograr los objetivos propuestos, y minimizar las posibles complicaciones que puedan presentarse en el tratamiento los dientes impactados

Manejo quirúrgico y ortodóntico del incisivo central permanente impactado en posición ectópica: reporte de un caso

The incidence of impacted incisor teeth is 4%. This article presents the case of a 9-year-old female patient who was referred to the postdoctoral pediatric dentistry clinic at the University El Bosque for extraction of an upper central incisor with a history of dentoalveolar trauma at age seven and surgical window to allow eruption of tooth 21. The retention of tooth 11 was confirmed through clinical examination, X-ray analysis, and computerized axial tomography scan. The treatment included performing surgical-orthodontic procedures through surgical window to expose tooth 11, orthodontic tooth traction and pendulum movement to regain space for 16 months, and 4×2 orthodontic technique to align upper incisors. The report includes a three-year follow-up of the case with analysis of possible risks and complications. A comprehensive management is important to achieve the goals, minimize possible complications that may arise in the treatment of impacted teeth.KEYWORDSimpacted tooth; ectopic tooth eruption; incisor; computerized axial tomography; orthodontictractionLos incisivos impactados tienen una incidencia del 4 %. Este artículo presenta el caso de una niña de 9 años de edad, quien fue remitida a la clínica de posgrado en odontología pediátrica de la Universidad El Bosque para exodoncia de un incisivo central superior permanente. La paciente tenía antecedentes de trauma dentoalveolar a los 7 años de edad y ventana quirúrgica para erupción del diente 21. Mediante examen clínico, radiografías y tomografía axial computarizada se confirmó la retención del diente 11. Se decidió realizar manejo quirúrgico-ortodóntico con ventana quirúrgica para exponer el 11, tracción ortodóntica y péndulo para reganar espacio en un sector posterior durante 16 meses y técnica de 4 × 2 para alinear los incisivos superiores. Se presenta el seguimiento de la paciente durante 3 años y se analizan los posibles riesgos y complicaciones. El manejo integral es importante para lograr los objetivos propuestos, y minimizar las posibles complicaciones que puedan presentarse en el tratamiento los dientes impactados

Manejo quirúrgico y ortodóntico del incisivo central permanente impactado en posición ectópica: reporte de un caso

The incidence of impacted incisor teeth is 4%. This article presents the case of a 9-year-old female patient who was referred to the postdoctoral pediatric dentistry clinic at the University El Bosque for extraction of an upper central incisor with a history of dentoalveolar trauma at age seven and surgical window to allow eruption of tooth 21. The retention of tooth 11 was confirmed through clinical examination, X-ray analysis, and computerized axial tomography scan. The treatment included performing surgical-orthodontic procedures through surgical window to expose tooth 11, orthodontic tooth traction and pendulum movement to regain space for 16 months, and 4×2 orthodontic technique to align upper incisors. The report includes a three-year follow-up of the case with analysis of possible risks and complications. A comprehensive management is important to achieve the goals, minimize possible complications that may arise in the treatment of impacted teeth.KEYWORDSimpacted tooth; ectopic tooth eruption; incisor; computerized axial tomography; orthodontictractionLos incisivos impactados tienen una incidencia del 4 %. Este artículo presenta el caso de una niña de 9 años de edad, quien fue remitida a la clínica de posgrado en odontología pediátrica de la Universidad El Bosque para exodoncia de un incisivo central superior permanente. La paciente tenía antecedentes de trauma dentoalveolar a los 7 años de edad y ventana quirúrgica para erupción del diente 21. Mediante examen clínico, radiografías y tomografía axial computarizada se confirmó la retención del diente 11. Se decidió realizar manejo quirúrgico-ortodóntico con ventana quirúrgica para exponer el 11, tracción ortodóntica y péndulo para reganar espacio en un sector posterior durante 16 meses y técnica de 4 × 2 para alinear los incisivos superiores. Se presenta el seguimiento de la paciente durante 3 años y se analizan los posibles riesgos y complicaciones. El manejo integral es importante para lograr los objetivos propuestos, y minimizar las posibles complicaciones que puedan presentarse en el tratamiento los dientes impactados