Perceived Importance of the Visual Cues to the Timing of the Landing Flare

One of the first obstacles that confront student pilots is the landing flare. Of special concern is the initial decrease in rate of descent, also known as the leveloff. The ability to time this maneuver is crucial to a smooth and safe landing, but poorly understood. Ninety-two aviators in two Part 141 flight schools completed a perception questionnaire in the attempt to further explore the role of visual cues in timing the landing flare. Findings suggest that pilots find it difficult to articulate or identify these visual cues. These findings highlight the shortcomings of current landing instruction and emphasize the need to transition from verbal to nonverbal instruction

General Aviation Landing Flare Instructions

The present paper discusses the ability to determine low altitudes and challenges the effectiveness of current general aviation landing flare instructions. Conclusions are based on literary review from a variety of sources such as general aviation flight instruction manuals, aviation literature, and scientific publications. Key findings suggest that current flare instructions are inconsistent, ambiguous, and of limited helpfulness to pilots wishing to learn how to determine altitude before initiating the landing flare

Use of a Discriminative Auditory Cue to Improve Landing Flare Performance

Psycholog

Preparation of resveratrol-loaded nanoporous silica materials with different structures

Solid, nanoporous silica-based spherical mesoporous MCM-41 and KIL-2 with interparticle mesoporosity as well as nanosized zeolite BEA materials differing in morphology and pore size distribution, were used as carriers for the preparation of resveratrol-loaded delivery systems. Two preparation methods have been applied: (i) loading by mixing of resveratrol and mesoporous carrier in solid state and (ii) deposition in ethanol solution. The parent and the resveratrol loaded carriers were characterized by XRD, TEM, N2 physisorption, thermal analysis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The influence of the support structure on the adsorption capacity and the release kinetics of this poorly soluble compound were investigated. Our results indicated that the chosen nanoporous silica supports are suitable for stabilization of trans-resveratrol and reveal controlled release and ability to protect the supported compound against degradation regardless of loading method. The solid-state dry mixing appears very effective for preparation of drug formulations composed of poorly soluble compound

Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Athletes With and Without Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE - To compare the aerobic exercise capacity and pulmonary function between athletes with and without type 1 diabetesRESEARCH DESIGN and METHODS - Fifty-one adult age-matched individuals were assessed in random order to the maximum volume of O(2) consumption (Vo(2 peak max)) (ml/kg/mm) anaerobic threshold (ml/kg/min) peak pulmonary ventilation (V(E)) heart rate (beats per mm) time to exhaustion (mm) forced vital capacity (FEV) (%) forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (%) total lung capacity (TLC) (%) and lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DL(CO)) (%) Individuals were 27 with type 1 diabetes 15 athletes (ADM) and 12 nonathletes (NADM) and 24 healthy individuals 12 ADM and 12 NADM Duration of diabetes was 14 6 +/- 6 2 and 15 2 +/- 6 7 years in ADM and NADM respectivelyRESULTS - Vo(2peal max) was higher in ADM than in NADM (P < 0 001) the anaerobic threshold was lower in subjects with type I diabetes than in control subjects (P < 0 001) FEV1 was lower m ADM than in other groups (NADM athletes control and nonathletes control P < 0 001)CONCLUSIONS - Aerobic capacity in subjects with type 1 diabetes with programmed exercise is similar to the capacity of normal athletes despite lower anaerobic threshold and FEV1Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Diabet, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Phys Act & Sports Med Ctr, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Diabet, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Phys Act & Sports Med Ctr, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc