Dose-Intense Cisplatin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Increases Survival in Advanced Cervical Cancer: An Up-to-Date Meta-Analysis

International audiencePurpose: We set out to demonstrate the benefit of using dose-intense cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of overall survival and progression-free survival. Methods: We searched through MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases up to May 2021 to identify randomized clinical trials comparing the benefit of using cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by local treatment with local treatment alone for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. The PRISMA statement was applied. Results: Twenty-two randomized clinical trials were retrieved between 1991 and 2019, corresponding to 3632 women with FIGO stages IB2-IVA cervical cancer. More than 50% of the randomized clinical trials were assessed as having a low risk of bias. There was no benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival, but there was significant heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 45%, p = 0.01). In contrast, dose-intense cisplatin at over 72.5 mg/m2/3 weeks was significantly associated with increased overall survival (RR = 0.87, p < 0.05) with no heterogeneity across the pooled studies (I2 = 36%, p = 0.11). The survival benefit was even greater when cisplatin was administered at a dose over 105 mg/m2/3 weeks (RR = 0.79, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Even though radiotherapy combined with weekly cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains standard of care for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer, our meta-analysis makes it possible to consider the use of dose-intense cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy when local treatment is suboptimal and opens perspectives for designing new clinical trials in this setting. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy could be proposed when surgery is local treatment instead of standard chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer

Obstetrical Morbidity Related to Anti-SSA Antibodies: Data from a French Monocentric Retrospective Study

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Micromolecular methods for diagnosis and therapeutic strategy: a case study

International audienceAn intraductal carcinoma, 55 mm across, was diagnosed on a total mastectomy in a 45-year-old woman. The 2 micro-invasive areas found were too small for reliable immunostainings for estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. In the sentinel lymph-node, a subcapsular tumor embole of about 50 cancer cells was identified on the extemporaneous cryo-cut section, but not on further sections after paraffinembedding of the sample. Considering this tumor metastatic potential, we decided to assess HER2 status on the metastatic embole using pathological and molecular micro-methods. We lasermicrodissected the tumor cells, extracted their DNA, and performed droplet-digital-PCR (ddPCR) for HER2 gene copy number variation. The HER2/RNaseP allele ratio was 5.2 in the laser-microdissected tumor cells, similar to the 5.3 ratio in the HER2overexpressing breast cancer cell line BT-474. We thus optimized the adjuvant treatment of our patient and she received a trastuzumab-based adjuvant chemotherapy

Non-conventional antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with clinical obstetrical APS: prevalence and pregnancies treatment efficacy

International audienceObjectivesTo describe the prevalence of non-conventional APL in patients with obstetrical APS without conventional APL and the impact of treatment on pregnancy outcome.MethodsPatients with clinical obstetrical criteria were tested for anti-phosphatidylethanolamine (aPE) IgG/M, anti-prothrombin/phosphatidylserine (anti-PS/PT) IgG/M and anti-annexin V IgG. Pregnancies losses rates were compared between APS, non-conventional APS and non-APL and in untreated pregnancies to treated ones for each group.ResultsUsing the cut-offs (ROC), 65/96 (68%) patients have been considered as non-conventional APS and compared to 83 APS and 31 patients without APL. The obstetrical history in non-conventional APS did not differ in comparison to confirmed APS. The frequencies of anti-annexin V IgG antibodies tended to be more frequent in non-conventional APS (88% versus 73%; p=0.06), and those of anti-PE IgG and M were similar. The anti-PS/PT IgG and M antibodies were more frequent in confirmed APS than in non-conventional APS (63% and 37% versus 4% and 5%, p<0.0001).Overall 261 pregnancies in patients with non-conventional APS were compared to 81 pregnancies of confirmed APS and 132 pregnancies from non-APL group. 136/474 (29%) patients have been treated during pregnancies and treatment significantly increased the rate of live birth (26% in untreated versus 72% in treated pregnancies, p<0.0001). In univariate analyses, treatment effect on pregnancies losses was similar in patients with APS and non-conventional APS, with odds ratio at 3.3 [95% CI; 1.8 to 6.1] and 6.9 [95% CI; 3.9 to 12.3] (p=0.49) and significantly more important for the 2 APS groups pooled versus non-APL group (OR at 1.9 [95% CI; 1.1 to 3.5] for non-APL group versus 5.3 [95% CI; 3.5 to 8.1] for APS groups, p=0.0025).ConclusionIn this study 68% of patients with clinical criteria for obstetrical APS seronegative for conventional APL have non-conventional APL. These patients have a significant decrement of pregnancy losses if they receive treatment for APS during their pregnancy

Diagnostic and Prognostic Performances Over 9 Years of a Selective Screening Strategy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Cohort of 18,775 Subjects

International audienceOBJECTIVE-We aimed to evaluate a selective screening strategy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the presence of risk factors: BMI >= kg/m(2), age >= 35 years, family history of diabetes, personal history of GDM, or birth of a child with macrosomia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Of 20,630 deliveries between 2002 and 2010, we selected 18,775 deliveries in women with no known diabetes and for whom all risk factors were known. GDM was universally screened and defined as fasting plasma glucose level >= 5.3 mmol/L and/or 2-h postload (75 g) glucose level >= 7.8 mmol/L. RESULTS-The prevalence of at least one risk factor has increased since 2002 (P < 0.001) from 51.7 to 61.5%, with no change in the GDM prevalence (mean 14.4%, intention to screen). At least one risk factor was present in 58.5% of women who represented 65.3% of all those with GDM. The presence of risk factors was significantly associated with GDM (odds ratio 1.4 [95% CI 1.3-1.51, P < 0.001) and with GDM-related events (preeclampsia/large for gestational age/dystocia) (P < 0.001) with the following incidences: no GDM/no risk factor 8.8%, no GDM/risk factor 11.1%, GDM/no risk factor 16.7%, and GDM/risk factor 18.2%. CONCLUSIONS-The presence of risk factors increased during the last decade. This condition is predictive of GDM and GDM-related events. However, a selective screening would lead to missing one-third of the women with GDM who, even without risk factors, had more events than women without GDM. Therefore, these data stand against the present selective screening currently proposed in the French guidelines. Diabetes Care 36:598-603,201

Risk Factors for Anal Continence Impairment Following a Second Delivery after a First Traumatic Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study

Postpartum anal incontinence is common. After a first delivery (D1) with perineal trauma, follow-up is advised to reduce the risk of anal incontinence. Endoanal sonography (EAS) may be considered to evaluate the sphincter and in case of sphincter lesions to discuss cesarean section for the second delivery (D2). Our objective was to study the risk factors for anal continence impairment following D2. Women with a history of traumatic D1 were followed before and 6 months after D2. Continence was measured using the Vaizey score. An increase ≥2 points after D2 defined a significant deterioration. A total of 312 women were followed and 67 (21%) had worse anal continence after D2. The main risk factors for this deterioration were the presence of urinary incontinence and the combined use of instruments and episiotomy during D2 (OR 5.12, 95% CI 1.22–21.5). After D1, 192 women (61.5%) had a sphincter rupture revealed by EAS, whereas it was diagnosed clinically in only 48 (15.7%). However, neither clinically undiagnosed ruptures nor severe ruptures were associated with an increased risk of continence deterioration after D2, and cesarean section did not protect against it. One woman out of five in this population had anal continence impairment after D2. The main risk factor was instrumental delivery. Caesarean section was not protective. Although EAS enabled the diagnosis of clinically-missed sphincter ruptures, these were not associated with continence impairment. Anal incontinence should be systematically screened in patients presenting urinary incontinence after D2 as they are frequently associated

Is there a role for a handheld gamma camera (TReCam) in the SNOLL breast cancer procedure?

International audienceACKGROUND: Sentinel node and occult lesion localization (SNOLL) calls for a combination of two specific procedures: intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) and radio-guided occult lesion localization (ROLL). The safety and benefits of radio-guided localization in the surgical treatment of non-palpable breast cancer have been confirmed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role for an intra-operative handheld tumor resection gamma camera (TReCam) in SNOLL procedures.METHODS: Fifteen patients were enrolled. The SNOLL procedure was performed in all patients with conventional lymphoscintigraphy (LS). TReCam was used to obtain nuclear imaging in the operating theater. Concordance between LS and TReCam images, duration of use and assessment of difficulties in data acquisition with TReCam were reported.RESULTS: Concordance for tumor localization between single-detector gamma probe and TReCam was excellent (15/15). The number of radioactive SLNs visualized between LS and TReCam was equivalent in 53.3% of cases (8/15). TReCam was considered to be very easy-to-use (12/15) or easy-to-use (3/15). Average duration of acquisition with TReCam was 4 minutes and 45 seconds for the SLN procedure, and 2 minutes and 10 seconds for lumpectomy.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that TReCam is easy-to-use and does not increase operative time. Its exact role in radio-guided surgery needs to be clearly defined in a larger study. However, its usefulness and benefits in radio-guided breast surgery seem to be promising

Metabolic characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes for women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy as a function of insulin resistance

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A Proposal for a Classification for Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: Analysis of a French Multicenter Database From the FRANCOGYN Study Group

International audienceObjective: Endometrial cancer (EC) recurrences are relatively commonwith no standardized way of describing them.We propose a new classification for them called locoregional, nodal,metastasis, carcinomatosis recurrences (rLMNC).Patients and Methods: The data of 1230 women with EC who were initially treated by primary surgery were included in this French multicenter retrospective study. Recurrences were classified based on dissemination pathways: (1) locoregional recurrence (rL); (2) nodal recurrence (rN) for lymphatic pathway; (3) distant organ recurrence (rM) for hematogenous pathway; and (4) carcinomatosis recurrence (rC) for peritoneal pathway. These pathways were further divided into subgroups. We compared recurrence free survival and overall survival (OS) between the 4 groups (rL/rN/rM/rC).Results: The median follow-up was 35.6 months (range, 1.70Y167.60). One hundred ninety-eight women (18.2%) experienced a recurrence: 150 (75.8%) experienced a singlepathway recurrence and 48 (24.2%) a multiple-pathway recurrence. The 5-year OSwas 34.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.02%Y43.1%), and the median time to first recurrence was 18.9 months (range, 0Y152 months). The median survival after recurrence was 14.8 months (95% CI, 11.7Y18.8). Amongwomenwith single pathway of recurrence, a difference in 5-year OS(PG 0.001) and survival after recurrence (P G 0.01)was found between the 4rLNMCgroups.The carcinomatosis group had the worst prognosis compared with other single recurrence pathways.Women with multiple recurrences had poorer 5-yearOS (P G 0.001) and survival after recurrence (P G 0.01) than those with single metastasis recurrence, other than women with peritoneal carcinomatosis.Conclusions: This easy-to-use and intuitive classification may be helpful to define EC recurrence risk groups and develop guidelines for the management of recurrence. Its prognosis value could also be a tool to select homogenous populations for further trials