Internalizing Symptoms in Developmental Dyslexia: A Comparison Between Primary and Secondary School

Although the relationship between developmental dyslexia (DD) and the risk of occurrence of internalizing symptomatology has been widely investigated in the extant literature, different findings have been reported. In this study, two experiments with two general purposes are presented. The first study investigates whether the differences in the severity of internalizing symptoms between DD and controls are greater in students attending secondary school than in those attending primary school. Sixtyfive DD and 169 controls attending primary and secondary school took part in the first study. The diagnosis of dyslexia was obtained from standardized reading tests; internalizing symptom severity was assessed with the Self Administrated Psychiatric Scales for Children and Adolescents questionnaire. The results showed that adolescents with dyslexia had an increased level of self-perceived anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms, whereas no significant differences between DD and controls emerged in childhood. In the second study, a cohort of adolescents attending secondary school (DD = 44; controls = 51) was closely analyzed to clarify whether contextual and subjective factors could contribute toward exacerbating the risk of internalizing symptomatology at that age. Internalizing symptom severity was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self Report questionnaire, decision-making factors were measured with the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, and student\u2019s quality of life was gaged using the Clipper test. The results showed that high levels of internalizing symptoms in DD were associated with a low level of self-esteem and the tendency to react to problematic situations with hyperactivation. By contrast, positive relationships with peers were associated with low symptom severity. In conclusion, the intensified internalizing symptoms that could emerge in adolescents in association with the presence of dyslexia are predicted by social protective and risk factors that are associated with symptom severity. Accordingly, the results suggest that remediation programs for dyslexia should include implementing motivation strategies, self-esteem enhancement activities and building peers networks that, starting in childhood, can prevent the appearance of internalizing symptoms

HABITAT: An IoT Solution for Independent Elderly

In this work, a flexible and extensive digital platform for Smart Homes is presented, exploiting the most advanced technologies of the Internet of Things, such as Radio Frequency Identification, wearable electronics, Wireless Sensor Networks, and Artificial Intelligence. Thus, the main novelty of the paper is the system-level description of the platform flexibility allowing the interoperability of different smart devices. This research was developed within the framework of the operative project HABITAT (Home Assistance Based on the Internet of Things for the Autonomy of Everybody), aiming at developing smart devices to support elderly people both in their own houses and in retirement homes, and embedding them in everyday life objects, thus reducing the expenses for healthcare due to the lower need for personal assistance, and providing a better life quality to the elderly users

High Risk of Secondary Infections Following Thrombotic Complications in Patients With COVID-19

Background. This study’s primary aim was to evaluate the impact of thrombotic complications on the development of secondary infections. The secondary aim was to compare the etiology of secondary infections in patients with and without thrombotic complications. Methods. This was a cohort study (NCT04318366) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients hospitalized at IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital between February 25 and June 30, 2020. Incidence rates (IRs) were calculated by univariable Poisson regression as the number of cases per 1000 person-days of follow-up (PDFU) with 95% confidence intervals. The cumulative incidence functions of secondary infections according to thrombotic complications were compared with Gray’s method accounting for competing risk of death. A multivariable Fine-Gray model was applied to assess factors associated with risk of secondary infections. Results. Overall, 109/904 patients had 176 secondary infections (IR, 10.0; 95% CI, 8.8–11.5; per 1000-PDFU). The IRs of secondary infections among patients with or without thrombotic complications were 15.0 (95% CI, 10.7–21.0) and 9.3 (95% CI, 7.9–11.0) per 1000-PDFU, respectively (P = .017). At multivariable analysis, thrombotic complications were associated with the development of secondary infections (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.788; 95% CI, 1.018–3.140; P = .043). The etiology of secondary infections was similar in patients with and without thrombotic complications. Conclusions. In patients with COVID-19, thrombotic complications were associated with a high risk of secondary infections

Feedback control of vibration with inertial actuators

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Il Real Time Marketing come principale strumento di Brand Engagement: Il Caso Ceres

L'elaborato tratta un fenomeno che si è evoluto dal social media marketing: il real time marketing. Questa innovativa tecnica comunicativa, attraverso differenti forme e tecniche, permette alle imprese dotate di competenze digital e di ispirazione creativa di raggiungere elevati livelli di brand awareness e brand engagement. Come esempio esplicativo del mercato italiano è stato studiato e presentato il caso della marca di birra danese Ceres, vero esponente di punta di questo particolare approccio di marketing

Typical development of Motion perception and Form discrimination abilities in children

Visual functions have been widely investigated in patients with developmental disorders. This study aims to analyze the development of dorsal and ventral visual function in children with typical development, measured as motion and form discrimination abilities. A sample of 304 children (age: 4-12 years; 154 males) participated in the experiment. Non-verbal intelligence (Raven\u2019s matrices), visual acuity (Lea test), motion perception (motion coherence test-MCT) and form recognition (form coherence test-FCT) were assessed. The MCT consists of 150 white dots on a black background moving coherently at a constant velocity in one of the eight directions (signal) or in a Brownian manner (noise). The task was to recognize the direction of the signal dots. The FCT consists of white dots (signal) composing one of eight possible forms through spatial alignment of the dots, the noise was created by non-aligned dots distorting the form. The task was to recognize the form. Difficulty was increased by reducing the dot coherence (signal/noise) from 100% (no noise) to 36% in five levels. MANOVA showed a significant increment of motion and form perception accuracy with age, steeper for form as compared to motion recognition. Both functions are influenced by noise but motion discrimination seemed to be less affected. While noise had a stronger effect on the younger children in the FCT (worse performance with noise in the youngest) no such age effect was found in MCT. Motion and form perception are related to general intelligence at different ages as well as to the visual acuity. These results confirm the slowness in development of dorsal function as compared to ventral function. Visuo-spatial attention, general intelligence and visual acuity mediate the visual functionality development