Use of 3-D Digital Image Correlation to describe the mechanical behavior of Wood Plastic Composites (WPC)

National audienceno abstrac

Tagging Pathogenicity genes in Fusarium graminearum using the transposon system mimp/impala (Session 4: Pathogenesis and Plant Pathology)

Transposon mutagenesis was applied to generate mutants in Fusarium graminearum. The mimp1/impala system originally identified in F. oxysporum proved very promising for mutagenesis as the transposon and reinserted at high frequency in (the vicinity) of genes. A collection of mutants was screened for growth, for pathogenicity and for perithecia production.Several mutants blocked in one or more functions were obtained. The wild-type phenotype of one such mutant could be restored by complementation with a non-disrupted copy of the gene. In addition reinsertions occurred on each of the four chromosomes of F. graminearum, making this system a powerful tool in the functional analyses of the > 10,000 genes predicted in the F. graminearum genom

A two-level decision making approach for optimal integrated urban water and energy management

A spatial-temporal model is proposed for optimal integrated water and energy resource management in urban areas, considering daily surplus output from residential grid-connected rooftop photovoltaics as an energy source for sustainable supply. The model addresses optimal investment and operational decisions of a desalination-based water supply system driven by surplus photovoltaic output and grid electricity. The two-level mixed integer linear programming model considers demands, systems configuration, resources capacity and electricity tariffs and gives the solution such that the highest compatibility with available renewable energy is achieved. The model is then applied to Perth, Australia and solved for three operational scenarios. The results show, for a given year, hourly (flexible) basis scenario leads to $9 521 425 and$18 673 545 economic benefits over seasonal (semi-flexible) and yearly (fixed) basis scenarios, respectively. They also indicate 19.9% better economic performance in terms of annualised unit cost of water production over existing Southern seawater desalination plant in Perth. Additionally, it is shown that the seasonal change on the optimal solutions mainly corresponds to the share of each energy resource to meet water-related energy demand. Finally, the results indicate higher sensitivity to the variation of the photovoltaic installation density compared to financial rate