Using Fuzzy Rules in Identifying Cybercrime in Iranian Banking System

Similar growth of security and information technology and non-slot between these two subjects are factors of comfort in human societies. Therefore, base on evidences, with popularity and prevalence of using internet, cybercrime increases everyday because of failure of achieving balanced growth points, so that methods of attacks and fraud have become more complex. Therefore, security of cyberspace is major concern of banks, corporations and insurance companies. The main goal of this paper is using fuzzy algorithm and recommending effective systemrsquos cybercrime identification. Proposed frameworks, identifies and reports suspected cases in two levels. First level is analysis of user information and second one is detecting wrong warnings

Dynamic Assessment of Writing Skill in Advanced EFL Iranian Learners

AbstractDynamic Assessment (hereinafter DA) fundamentally is based on Vygotsky's theory of mediation and ZPD. In contrast to Traditional Assessment (hereinafter TA) which focuses on the product to show the current capability of learners, DA focuses on the process to predict their future achievement. This study intends to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating DA in improving teaching writing at advanced level among Iranian EFL learners. To fulfill this end twenty randomly chosen participants underwent a course of study in advanced writing for the period of two months and in eight sessions. All these participants received the same treatment, however, half of them, in the experimental group, were assessed dynamically and the other half, in the control group, were assessed traditionally. The participants’ essays in both groups were assessed by two distinct raters and their results were statistically analyzed. In order for the study results to be triangulated a questionnaire consisting of three questions was distributed among participants to support the quantitative results in a qualitative and subjective manner. The result of statistical analysis of the T-test which was used to distinguish between the experimental and the control group in addition to the questionnaires showed a significant change in the essays of the participants in the experimental group. The paper concludes with some practical implications for teachers, material developers and syllabus designers

Network capacity charge for sustainability and energy equity: A model-based analysis

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd It is long known that the afternoon peak demand accounts for over-investment in the electricity network assets. This results in a high price of delivered electricity which does not fairly differentiate between peak and non-peak users. Energy tariff is proven to be one of the best demand-side management (DSM) tools for shaping consumers’ behaviour. While electricity pricing models, such as inclining block and time-of-use tariffs, have received decent attention as successful mechanisms, there are little discussions about another efficient tariff known as a rollover network capacity charge. It is a penalty for the highest recorded power usage over the previous reading cycle (or year) which is introduced to commercial users in some jurisdictions. With recent price reduction in distributed generation and storage (DGS) systems, the interest has increased in devising policies for directing the household and commercial consumers’ behaviour towards using DGS systems in line with DSM objectives. In this paper, we have integrated the rollover network capacity charge into DGS systems investment analysis. The introduced optimisation formulation can consider capacity charge for both energy import and export. The results from a few case studies show the positive impact of capacity charge in directing the peak-consumers’ investment decisions towards DSM tools (e.g., energy storage) to curb their peak demands. This not only improves the resilience of the network but also promises as an effective mechanism in energy-justice nexus by avoiding the transfer of the associated costs of peak demand to all users

Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water Resources; North of Iran

Abstract Aims: Fluoride is one of the anions present in soil and water, and determining its level in drinking water is vital for preventing dental and bone diseases in societies. This research aimed to determine fluoride concentrations in drinking water sources of rural and urban areas of Babol City, Iran. Instrument & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Babol City, Iran, in 2014. 384 water samples were taken from 43 wells and 3 springs in the rural areas, and from 20 wells, 3 water reservoirs, and the water distribution system in the urban areas. Fluoride concentrations of water samples were measured with a model DR2000 spectrophotometer using the standard SPADNS method. Data were entered to SPSS 16 software and were analyzed by ANOVA test. Findings: The mean fluoride concentrations in the water samples of the deep wells were higher compared to those of the springs (p=0.01). The mean fluoride concentrations in the plains areas were higher compared to the mountainous regions (p=0.02). The mean fluoride concentrations in the wells of the urban areas, in the urban reservoirs, and in the urban water distribution system were 0.40±0.14, 0.39±0.15, and 0.40±0.15mg/l, respectively (p=0.07). Fluoride concentrations in water in urban areas during various seasons varied from 0.31 to 0.45mg/l (p=0.06). Conclusion: Fluoride concentrations in all drinking water sources in urban and rural areas of Babol are less than the ranges recommended by WHO and Iranian national standards