Undercovering the molecular mechanisms of lipid signalling at ER-PM contact sites in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under abiotic stress conditions

Abiotic stresses cause large reductions in crop production. Therefore, is important to understand how plants respond in order to develop varieties with increased resistance. Lipid-transport proteins (LTP) are emerging as key players of lipid signaling in response to numerous stresses. Specifically, SYT1, a protein first identified by its role in abiotic stress tolerance, is now recognized as an endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site tether capable. Our recent data support that SYT1 in involved on non-vesicular lipid-transport of diacyl glycerol (DAG) through its SMP domain. This data together with the interaction of SYT1 with a diacyl glycerol kinase (DGK) suggest a lipid signaling pathway where the product of phospholipase C, diacylglycerol, might be simultaneously translocated from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic-reticulum by SYT1 and phosphorylated to phosphatidic acid by DGK at the plasma membrane. Using in vitro biochemical approaches we are investigating the affinity of specific lipid species transported by SYT1 using lipid-competition assays, where a fluorescent lipid competes for SYT1 binding-pocket with different lipid species. Using bioinformatic we are obtaining insight into the lipid signal pathway involving PHOSPHOLIPASE C (PLC), DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE (DGK) and SYNAPTOTAGMIN1 (SYT1) in tomatoUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Burnout syndrome and work engagement in nursing staff: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundA difficult and demanding work environment, such as that often experienced in healthcare, can provoke fatigue, anxiety, distress, and discomfort. This study considers factors that may influence levels of burnout and work engagement among nurses and seeks to determine the relationship between these conditions.MethodA systematic scoping review was performed, in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, based on data obtained from a search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases carried out in 2022 using the search equation: “work engagement AND nurs* AND burnout.” This search identified nine quantitative primary studies suitable for inclusion in our analysis.ResultsWork overload, type of shift worked, and/or area of hospital service, among other elements, are all relevant to the development of burnout. This syndrome can be countered by social support and appropriate personal resources and values, which are all positively associated with work engagement. Our analysis revealed a significant correlation between work engagement and the different domains of burnout. The correlation effect size between burnout and work engagement was −0.46 (95% CI −0.58, −0.31), with p < 0.001.ConclusionWell-targeted interventions in the healthcare work environment can reduce burnout levels, strengthen work engagement, and enhance the quality of healthcare

Diacylglycerol transport by Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 at ERplasma membrane contact sites under abiotic stress.

Bulk lipid transport between membranes within cells involves vesicles, however membrane contact sites have recently been discovered as mediators of non-vesicular lipid transfer. ER-PM contact sites are conserved structures defined as regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that tightly associate with the plasma membrane (PM). Our recent data suggest that the constitutively expressed Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) and the cold-induced homolog AtSYT3 are proteins located in these ER-PM contact sites that are essential for the tolerance various abiotic stresses. Arabidopsis SYTs proteins are integral membrane proteins that contain multiple Ca2+-binding C2 domains and a synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial lipid-binding protein (SMP) domain that contains a hydrophobic groove. In mammals, several SMP proteins are responsible for the inter-organelle transport of glycerophospholipids. Our experiments have demonstrated that there is a recruitment of AtSYT1 and AtSTYT3 to ER-PM contact sites under stress conditions and it requires phosphatidylinositol 4- phosphate, PI(4)P in the PM, in opposition to the recruitment of PI(4,5)P2 in mammals. Moreover, our recent high-resolution lipidome analysis suggest that saturated diacylglycerols (DAGs) are the lipids that AtSYT1 is transferring between the PM and ER. Additionally, we have identified AtDGK2 (diacylglycerol kinase 2) as a key interactor of AtSYT1. Generally, in response to a stress stimulus, a phospholipase C (PLC), hydrolyses PIP2 after the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+, generating DAGs which immediately can be converted to phosphatidic acid (PA) by DGKs.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. The authors acknowledge the support by the Plan Propio from University of Malaga, Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Andalucía and by the Redes of Excelencia (BIO2014-56153-REDT) and BIO2017-82609-R, RYC-2016-21172 & PGC2018-098789 of the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad

Identification of a novel protein tether enriched at endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites and in volved in salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

Plants are sessile and are exposed to environmental changes that can compromise their survival and yield. Salt stress is one of the most common environmental stresses. Arabidopsis SYT1 is a key player in plant response to salt stress mediated by Ca²⁺, and acts as protein bridge, tethering the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. These regions of close contact between organelles, called membrane contact sites, are conserved in eukaryotes, and are involved in functions such as Ca²⁺ signaling and lipid homeostasis. However, their relationship with salt stress in plants is unknown. In this project, I aimed to discover new contact site tethers in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana and shed light on the relation of endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS) and salt stress tolerance. I used bioinformatic, phylogenetic and cellular biological approaches and I related an Arabidopsis protein family, the N-terminal transmembrane C2 domain (NTMC2) family, to contact sites. A putative tether called Arabidopsis thaliana Ca²⁺-dependent Lipid Binding (AtCLB) belongs to the NTMC2 family. AtCLB has a subcellular localization pattern of beads and strings, which resembles the pattern found for the plant EPCS tether SYT1. AtCLB pattern becomes more punctate under depletion of cytosolic Ca²⁺, suggesting that intracellular Ca²⁺ is important for AtCLB contact with the plasma membrane. Mutant plants lacking functional AtCLB did not show any visible phenotype in salt stress conditions. Under salt stress treatments, however, the normal subcellular pattern of AtCLB was altered, EPCS formation was increased and the intermembrane distance was decreased. This result suggests a role for AtCLB in salt stress tolerance that might be phenotypically masked by functional redundancy. This subcellular alteration and the reduction of intermembrane distance was mimicked when the amount of phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate was artificially increased at the plasma membrane. These results point towards a model of EPCS tethering involving cytosolic Ca²⁺, salt stress and negatively charged phosphoinositides. Further study will be required to fully understand EPCS regulation. In summary, these discoveries clarify some mechanistic aspects of EPCS tethering in plants and open a door to the discovery of new contact site protein tethers from the plant protein family NTMC2Science, Faculty ofBotany, Department ofGraduat

Fault detection based on time series modeling and multivariate statistical process control

Producción CientíficaMonitoring complex industrial plants is a very important task in order to ensure the management, reliability, safety and maintenance of the desired product quality. Early detection of abnormal events allows actions to prevent more serious consequences, improve the system's performance and reduce manufacturing costs. In this work, a new methodology for fault detection is introduced, based on time series models and statistical process control (MSPC). The proposal explicitly accounts for both dynamic and non-linearity properties of the system. A dynamic feature selection is carried out to interpret the dynamic relations by characterizing the auto- and crosscorrelations for every variable. After that, a time-series based model framework is used to obtain and validate the best descriptive model of the plant (either linear o non-linear). Fault detection is based on finding anomalies in the temporal residual signals obtained from the models by univariate and multivariate statistical process control charts. Finally, the performance of the method is validated on two benchmarks, a wastewater treatment plant and the Tennessee Eastman Plant. A comparison with other classical methods clearly demonstrates the over performance and feasibility of the proposed monitoring scheme.Este trabajo forma parte del proyectos de investigación: MINECO-FEDER DPI2015-67341-C2-2- R, TIN2013-47210-P, TIN2016-81113-RJunata de Andalucia, con el proyecto P12-TIC-295

Effect of plant oil addition to dairy goat diet on milk fat contents of trans-9 C16:1 and C16:2

Resumen del trabajo presentado al 22nd Congress of Animal Science and Production Association, celebrado en Perugia (Italia) del 13 al 16 de junio de 2017.Milk fat has a great variety of fatty acids derived from ruminal and mammary gland metabolism. Some milk fatty acids are quantitatively minor, but might be relevant from the human health point of view. The aim of the present study was to contribute to the knowledge of changes in the contents of trans-9 C16:1 and C16:2 when differently unsaturated plant oils are fed to dairy goats. Trans-9 C16:1 has recently been attributed positive effects on insulin resistance and risk of type II diabetes, probably due to its elongation in the organism to vaccenic acid and ulterior desaturation to rumenic acid, while C16:2 could act as a substrate for the synthesis of long chain x-6 fatty acids. The data obtained in three experiments were used. The oils tested in each experiment were high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO), regular sunflower oil (RSO) and linseed oil (LO). In each experiment, four treatments were tested: control diet (CTR) without added oil, or the same diet added with 30, 48 or 66 g/d of oil. At the beginning of each experiment, 3 mid-lactation Malagueña goats, kept in individual cages were randomly assigned to each one of the four treatments. The basal diet comprised a pelleted concentrate and alfalfa hay and was the same in all the treatments and experiments. Milk fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography on the lipid fraction extracted and subjected to methylation. Data were analyzed with a nested mixed model by using the MIXED procedure of SAS UE 3.5. Linear trends and least-squares mean differences were tested by polynomial and orthogonal contrasts. Supplementation with 30 to 66 g/d of RSO or LO had a positive and linear effect (p<.05) on the content of trans-9 C16:1 in milk fat. The HOSO only increased (p<.05) the milk fat content of trans-9 C16:1 at a supplementation level of 66 g/d, and the response was also linear (p<.05). The content of C16:2 in milk fat only increased (p<.05), compared to CTR, when the animals consumed LO. This change was linear (p<.05) and correlated (p<.05) with that of trans-9 C16:1. The present work indicate that the increase of trans-9 C16:1 content in goat milk fat, after plant oil supplementation, depends on the unsaturation degree of the oil and is higher when the amount of supplied oil increases. There is a positive relationship between the consumption of LO and the contents of C16:2 in milk fat and also between the contents of C16:2 and trans-9 C16:1 in milk fat, which deserves further researchPeer reviewe

Data_Sheet_1_Burnout syndrome and work engagement in nursing staff: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PDF

BackgroundA difficult and demanding work environment, such as that often experienced in healthcare, can provoke fatigue, anxiety, distress, and discomfort. This study considers factors that may influence levels of burnout and work engagement among nurses and seeks to determine the relationship between these conditions.MethodA systematic scoping review was performed, in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, based on data obtained from a search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases carried out in 2022 using the search equation: “work engagement AND nurs* AND burnout.” This search identified nine quantitative primary studies suitable for inclusion in our analysis.ResultsWork overload, type of shift worked, and/or area of hospital service, among other elements, are all relevant to the development of burnout. This syndrome can be countered by social support and appropriate personal resources and values, which are all positively associated with work engagement. Our analysis revealed a significant correlation between work engagement and the different domains of burnout. The correlation effect size between burnout and work engagement was −0.46 (95% CI −0.58, −0.31), with p ConclusionWell-targeted interventions in the healthcare work environment can reduce burnout levels, strengthen work engagement, and enhance the quality of healthcare.</p

Análisis de resultados de investigación sobre la ciencia presente en la sociedad y su incorporación al aula

Este Proyecto de Innovación Docente es continuación de los proyectos anteriores PIE 43/2017-18, PIE 39/2018-19 y PIE 179/2019-20; y está en relación directa con el Proyecto I+D+i Identificación de contextos científicos en la sociedad. Herramientas para docentes y ciudadanos (RTI2018-094303-A-I00 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, correspondiente al Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2019-21). También con el Proyecto FFI2015-64529, «La frontera entre ciencia y política y la ciencia en la frontera: la ciencia española, 1907-1975» del MINECO. Todos estos proyectos han venido realizándose con participación de por varios de los profesores del Grupo de Investigación UCM-970762 NEURODIDÁCTICA, CIENCIA Y SOCIEDAD. La finalidad última de la propuesta que se presenta ahora, es analizar los datos obtenidos en estos proyectos anteriores. Además, existen otros cinco de objetivos. En suma, buscamos: (1) analizar los datos obtenidos en los proyectos anteriores; (2) revisar las herramientas metodológicas utilizadas para la obtención de estos datos; (3) tomar en consideración otros modos paramétricos para medir la percepción sobre la ciencia; (4) fomentar la participación de nuestros estudiantes, y futuros docentes, en los procesos de análisis de resultados de investigación; y (5) incorporar a nuestros estudiantes y alguna de sus propuestas como una más de las actividades realizadas por el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Este último objetivo se interrumpió en el proyecto anterior, en marzo del 2020, debido a las circunstancias causadas por la el covid-19, lo que nos invita a plantearnos, también, (6) fundamentar en los conocimientos y datos científicos la toma de decisiones personales y comunitarias frente a bulos y desinformaciones

Experiencias de trabajo compartido en el aula : una propuesta de INVADIV

Se recogen una serie de trabajos que analizan tanto el aprendizaje en grupo como la estrategia de trabajo en el aula universitaria como cuestiones relacionadas con la web Invadiv como recurso didáctico, el aprendizaje cooperativo, la atención a la diversidad, los nuevos caminos hacia una Europa inclusiva, la coeducación, las experiencias derivadas de programas de apoyo y refuerzo y otras propuestas metodológicas.AndalucíaBiblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín, 5 - 3 planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; [email protected]

Potato consumption does not increase blood pressure or incident hypertension in 2 cohorts of Spanish adults

5 TablasBackground: Potatoes have a high glycemic load but also antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. It is unclear what mechanisms are involved in relation to their effect on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between potato consumption, BP changes, and the risk of hypertension in 2 Spanish populations. Methods: Separate analyses were performed in PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea), a multicenter nutrition intervention trial of adults aged 55-80 y, and the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project, a prospective cohort made up of university graduates and educated adults with ages (means±SDs) of 42.7±13.3 y for men and 35.1± 10.7 y for women. In PREDIMED, generalized estimating equations adjusted for lifestyle and dietary characteristics were used to assess changes in BP across quintiles of total potato consumption during a 4-y follow-up. Controlled BP values (systolic BP < 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP < 90 mm Hg) during follow-up were also assessed. For SUN, multivariateadjusted HRs for incident hypertension during a mean 6.7-y follow-up were calculated. Results: In PREDIMED, the total potato intake was 81.9 ± 40.6 g/d. No overall differences in systolic or diastolic BP changes were detected based on consumption of potatoes. For total potatoes, the mean difference in change between quintile 5 (highest intake) and quintile 1 (lowest intake) in systolic BP after multivariate adjustment was 20.90 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.56, 0.76 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.1) and for diastolic BP was 20.02 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.93, 0.89 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.8). In SUN, the total potato consumption was 52.7 ± 33.6 g/d, and no significant association between potato consumption and hypertension incidence was observed in the fully adjusted HR for total potato consumption (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.19; P-trend = 0.8). Conclusions: Potato consumption is not associated with changes over 4 y in blood pressure among older adults in Spain or with the risk of hypertension among Spanish adults.Supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial (RTIC G03/140, to RE; RTIC RD 06/0045, to MAM-G) and through Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), and by grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC 06/2007), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria–Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [Proyecto de Investigación (PI) 04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, P11/02505 and PI13/00462], Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [Recursos y teconologia agroalimentarias (AGL)-2009-13906-C02 and AGL2010-22319-C03 and AGL2013-49083-C3-1-R], Fundación Mapfre 2010, the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0105/2007), the Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Generalitat Valenciana [Generalitat Valenciana Ayuda Complementaria (GVACOMP) 06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151], Conselleria de Sanitat y AP; Atención Primaria (CS) 2010-AP-111 and CS2011-AP-042, and Regional Government of Navarra (P27/2011)