The Introduction Into Tobacco Plants of Genes Which Encode Some of the Natural Components of the Humoral Immune Response of Hyalophora Cecropia.

A number of plant pathogenic bacteria has been shown to be highly sensitive to SB-37, a derivative of cecropin B (one of the three cecropins from the giant silk moth Hyalophora cecropia). The lytic activity exhibited by SB-37 has been shown to increase up to twenty-fold in the presence of chicken egg white lysozyme. The cDNAs genes encoding SB-37, attacin E (another component of the humoral response of Hyalophora cecropia), and chicken lysozyme have been introduced into tobacco (var Xanthi) and potato (a new cultivar 86007) plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using co-integrate and binary vectors. The genes were placed under the control of different promotors: CaMV35S, Double-CaMV35S and the proteinase inhibitor II promoter from potato. The transformation of at least five independent lines for each construct has been confirmed by Southern blot and segregation analysis. Protein analysis demonstrated that the chicken egg white lysozyme was expressed in tobacco plants. Western analysis of Attacin E-transformed plants, failed to show expression of the gene at the protein level. Protein blot analysis of SB-37 transgenic lines gave unconclusive results indicating at least very low level of expression. When these plants were inoculated with P. solanacearum, at least two independent lines, showed symptoms earlier than control plants indicating some biological effect. The significance of this result is discussed in detail. Also, the characterization of different de novo designed peptides is described

The Human Robot: A Narrative Study of Identity Change in Mexico Through an Analysis of Mexican Films

In order to succeed in an intellectually, economically, socially, and politically controlled system, as México, one has to develop a sense of inner direction and empowerment, where critical thinking is vital yet patriarchy becomes an impediment to the development of an inner compass and empowerment when it shapes and controls the masses’ identity and behavior through different strategies, methods, and institutions. One of the most powerful and popular identity shaping strategies is film making. Film is considered by most as a source of entertainment portraying social interactions. Yet it is a powerful identity-shaping tool for the establishment. It has been used by the Mexican government and its associates, for a long time, in an effort to sustain the status quo and justify its existence and social performance. The selected methodology of this study allowed comparison and contrasting of messages transmitted about identity, behavior, role-identification, values, and life scripts, using films from three different periods of the development of México: agricultural (1920s-1950s), industrial (1950s-1990s), and neoliberal (1990s-today). Religion, social interactions, gender, ethnicity, and nation-states are some of the main themes that emerged from this exploration of identity and behavior shaping strategies used in the Mexican films analyzed. The Identity shaping strategies are an efficient way of dealing with conflict because controlling and constraining is done by the individuals rather than by the nation-state

Factores que limitan el proceso de titulación de predios rurales en un gobierno regional, 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo el conocer cuáles son factores que limitan el proceso de titulación de predios rurales en un Gobierno Regional, 2023. El enfoque de la investigación fue un estudio cualitativo mediante un diseño de la teoría fundamentada. Se revisó la literatura y antecedentes correspondientes, elaborándose posteriormente la matriz de categorización apriorística. Se elaboró la guía de entrevistas que se aplicaron a los actores involucrados en el área responsable de formalización de predios rurales de un gobierno regional. Los resultados se analizaron con el software ATLAS TI. Finalmente se hizo la triangulación y confrontó con la información obtenida en función a convergencias y divergencias. El hallazgo importante encontrado fue que los obstáculos predominantes en el proceso de formalización de predios rurales en una administración regional durante el año 2023 son multifacéticos, que contribuyen a la persistencia de la informalidad, así como aquellos que obstaculizan el saneamiento físico legal, junto con impedimentos adicionales que dificultan la titulación y el registro de dichos predios

Oracle-based optimization applied to climate model calibration

In this paper, we show how oracle-based optimization can be effectively used for the calibration of an intermediate complexity climate model. In a fully developed example, we estimate the 12 principal parameters of the C-GOLDSTEIN climate model by using an oracle-based optimization tool, Proximal-ACCPM. The oracle is a procedure that finds, for each query point, a value for the goodness-of-fit function and an evaluation of its gradient. The difficulty in the model calibration problem stems from the need to undertake costly calculations for each simulation and also from the fact that the error function used to assess the goodness-of-fit is not convex. The method converges to a ‘best fit' estimate over 10 times faster than a comparable test using the ensemble Kalman filter. The approach is simple to implement and potentially useful in calibrating computationally demanding models based on temporal integration (simulation), for which functional derivative information is not readily availabl