Luminescent acetylthiol derivative tripodal osmium(II) and iridium(III) complexes: Spectroscopy in solution and on surfaces

Luminescent Os(II) and Ir(III) complexes containing a tripodal-type structure terminalized with three thiol derivatives are described. The tripod is introduced through derivatization, with a rigid spacer, of a phenanthroline ligand coordinated to the metal ion, and the entire structure possesses axial geometry. The geometry of the complexes combined with the three anchoring sites, the thiol groups, allows the complexes to adopt an almost perpendicular arrangement to the surfaces and the formation of a well-packed monolayer on Au substrates. The photophysical and electrochemical behavior of the complexes is studied in solution and on surfaces. Furthermore, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of Os(II) complexes on an ultraflat Au surface is used to fabricate a metal-molecule-metal junction with Au and In Ga eutectic as electrodes. The Os(II) SAM in the tunneling junction exhibits rectification behavior which is opposite in direction to that which we have previously shown for Ru(II) SAM

Luminescent acetylthiol derivative tripodal osmium(II) and iridium(III) complexes: Spectroscopy in solution and on surfaces

Luminescent Os(II) and Ir(III) complexes containing a tripodal-type structure terminalized with three thiol derivatives are described. The tripod is introduced through derivatization, with a rigid spacer, of a phenanthroline ligand coordinated to the metal ion, and the entire structure possesses axial geometry. The geometry of the complexes combined with the three anchoring sites, the thiol groups, allows the complexes to adopt an almost perpendicular arrangement to the surfaces and the formation of a well-packed monolayer on Au substrates. The photophysical and electrochemical behavior of the complexes is studied in solution and on surfaces. Furthermore, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of Os(II) complexes on an ultraflat Au surface is used to fabricate a metal–molecule–metal junction with Au and In Ga eutectic as electrodes. The Os(II) SAM in the tunneling junction exhibits rectification behavior which is opposite in direction to that which we have previously shown for Ru(II) SAMs.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

Autism as a disorder of neural information processing: directions for research and targets for therapy

The broad variation in phenotypes and severities within autism spectrum disorders suggests the involvement of multiple predisposing factors, interacting in complex ways with normal developmental courses and gradients. Identification of these factors, and the common developmental path into which theyfeed, is hampered bythe large degrees of convergence from causal factors to altered brain development, and divergence from abnormal brain development into altered cognition and behaviour. Genetic, neurochemical, neuroimaging and behavioural findings on autism, as well as studies of normal development and of genetic syndromes that share symptoms with autism, offer hypotheses as to the nature of causal factors and their possible effects on the structure and dynamics of neural systems. Such alterations in neural properties may in turn perturb activity-dependent development, giving rise to a complex behavioural syndrome many steps removed from the root causes. Animal models based on genetic, neurochemical, neurophysiological, and behavioural manipulations offer the possibility of exploring these developmental processes in detail, as do human studies addressing endophenotypes beyond the diagnosis itself

Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition

A unique collection of oceanic samples was gathered by the Tara Oceans expeditions (2009-2013), targeting plankton organisms ranging from viruses to metazoans, and providing rich environmental context measurements. Thanks to recent advances in the field of genomics, extensive sequencing has been performed for a deep genomic analysis of this huge collection of samples. A strategy based on different approaches, such as metabarcoding, metagenomics, single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics, has been chosen for analysis of size-fractionated plankton communities. Here, we provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). The association of these metadata to the experimental procedures applied for their generation will help the scientific community to access these data and facilitate their analysis. This paper complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from the Tara Oceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world's planktonic ecosystems