РУССКИЙ ЕВРОПЕЕЦ Б.В. ЯКОВЕНКО

The article analyzes the creativity of one of the most famous Russian neokantians Boris V. Yakovenko. Despite the fact that the work of Yakovenko becomes the subject of analysis of an increasing number of researchers both in Russia and abroad, it has not yet taken place in a systematic analysis. The article attempts to consider the philosophical creativity of the Russian philosopher systematically, revealing both the main directions of European thought that had the greatest influence on the position of Yakovenko and the main areas of philosophy to which the efforts of the national thinker were directed. These, according to the author, include the history of philosophy and the system of so-called transcendental pluralism. It is pointed out that the history of philosophy for Yakovenko is a single holistic process and therefore is the history of the development of philosophical ideas, and not the history of life and work of individual philosophers. According to Yakovenko, the general philosophical scheme of historical development looks like this: from Greek cosmism to German epistemology and the beginning ontological turn in modern philosophy. There is also the belief of B.V. Yakovenko that there is no national philosophy. In his opinion, philosophy, as well as science in General, can only be international. His second main thesis concerning the development of philosophy is that philosophy should be independent from other branches of human knowledge and knowledge. She must not be a servant of theology or science. The article also presents various stages of the Russian philosopher's development of his version of the concept of pluralistic philosophy. According to Yakovenko, only pluralistic philosophy is able to know the essence as the main object of philosophy.В статье проводится анализ творчества одного из самых известных русских неокантианцев Бориса Валентиновича Яковенко. Несмотря на то, что творчество Яковенко становится предметом анализа все большего количества исследователей как в России, так и за рубежом, системного анализа его пока не состоялось. В статье предпринимается попытка рассмотреть философское творчество русского философа системно, выявив как основные направления европейской мысли, которые оказали наибольшее влияние на позицию Яковенко, так и главные области философии, на которые были направлены усилия отечественного мыслителя. К таковым, по мнению автора статьи, относятся история философии и система так называемого трансцендентального плюрализма. Указывается на то, что история философии для Яковенко - это единый целостный процесс и потому - это история развития философских идей, а не история жизни и творчества отдельных философов. Общефилософская схема исторического развития, согласно Яковенко, выглядит так: от греческого космизма к немецкому гносеологизму и начинающемуся онтологическому повороту в современной философии. Отмечается также убеждение Б.В. Яковенко в том, что никакой национальной философии не существует. По его мнению, философия, как и наука в целом, может быть только интернациональной. Второй основной его тезис касательно развития философии состоит в том, что философия должна быть самостоятельной, независимой от других отраслей человеческого познания и знания. Она не должна быть служанкой ни богословия, ни науки. В статье приводятся также различные этапы разработки русским философом своего варианта концепции плюралистической философии. По мнению Яковенко, познать сущее как основной объект философии способна лишь плюралистическая философия

Comparative study of evolution of structured flows at boundary of the regime change “diffusion — concentration convection” in isothermal multicomponent mixing in gases by techniques of visual and numerical analysis

During isothermal multicomponent diffusion process, the number of effects appear that are not observed visually when mixed in binary mixtures. These include occurrence of convective instability with subsequent formation of structured flows. The feature of this type of mixing is that convection is realized under conditions of decrease in density of mixture with height. Flow visualization method allows to fix information about distribution of medium parameters by dynamics of structures in convective flows. Application of computer processing methods, as well as techniques of identifying images of thermophysical fields, allows to obtain quantitative information about convective flows. For an isothermal ternary gas mixture heliumargonnitrogen, shadow images of structural formations formed in convective flows due to the instability of mechanical equilibrium are represented in this work. To carry out digital analysis of experimental shadow images, a simplified virtual model of the lower chamber of the diffusion cell was created. Based on digital analysis of visual images, quantitative characteristics related to estimation of the size of convective formations, period of their formation, and linear velocity of convection cells when moving through diffusion channel are presented. It has been established that the growing convective disturbances arising in the system cause a change in the characteristic scale of convective cells. The analysis of shadow images also showed that a vortex is formed in convective flows, which consists mainly of a component with the highest molecular weight. Comparison of visual images of experimental fields with simulation flows is implemented, on the basis of which composition of mixture components in convective structures is estimated. It is shown that the obtained value of the concentration of the heavy component in the vortex filament can be taken as the minimum

Desenvolvimento de sistema de poupança de energia baseado em bomba de calor

This article describes the structure and the operation of energy-saving systems based on a heat pump with the use of renewable energy sources. Using the method of an experiment three-factor active planning, the response surfaces and their two-dimensional cross sections were constructed in the isolines of the transition process duration and the amount of the energy carrier heat from the the electric heater power. The developed energy-saving systems support the temperature regime of an agricultural object by using solar energy, low-potential and artificial energy sources throughout the year. The developed system (option one), installed in hard-to-reach places at agricultural facilities, is designed to generate thermal energy, electricity, and provides significant energy savings during energy supply. Due to the speed of the electric regulator with solid filler and electric heater, the efficiency of the heat pump is increased, which maintains the microclimate parameters of the agricultural object.Este artículo describe la estructura y el funcionamiento de los sistemas de ahorro de energía basados en una bomba de calor con el uso de fuentes de energía renovables. Utilizando el método de un experimento de planificación activa de tres factores, las superficies de respuesta y sus secciones transversales bidimensionales se construyeron en las isolinas de la duración del proceso de transición y la cantidad de calor del portador de energía de la potencia del calentador eléctrico. Los sistemas de ahorro de energía desarrollados apoyan el régimen de temperatura de un objeto agrícola mediante el uso de energía solar, potencial bajo y fuentes de energía artificial durante todo el año. El sistema desarrollado (opción uno), instalado en lugares de difícil acceso en las instalaciones agrícolas, está diseñado para generar energía térmica, electricidad y proporciona ahorros de energía significativos durante el suministro de energía. Debido a la velocidad del regulador eléctrico con relleno sólido y calentador eléctrico, se incrementa la eficiencia de la bomba de calor, lo que mantiene los parámetros de microclima del objeto agrícola.Este artigo descreve a estrutura e a operação de sistemas de economia de energia baseados em uma bomba de calor com o uso de fontes de energia renováveis. Utilizando o método de um planejamento ativo de três fatores experimentais, as superfícies de resposta e suas seções transversais bidimensionais foram construídas nas isolinhas da duração do processo de transição e na quantidade de calor do portador de energia a partir da potência do aquecedor elétrico. Os sistemas de economia de energia desenvolvidos suportam o regime de temperatura de um objeto agrícola usando energia solar, fontes de energia artificiais e com baixo potencial ao longo do ano. O sistema desenvolvido (opção 1), instalado em locais de difícil acesso em instalações agrícolas, é projetado para gerar energia térmica, eletricidade e proporcionar economias de energia significativas durante o fornecimento de energia. Devido à velocidade do regulador elétrico com enchimento sólido e aquecedor elétrico, a eficiência da bomba de calor é aumentada, o que mantém os parâmetros microclima do objeto agrícola

H⁻ injector for Moscow meson factory linac

Status report is presented for an H⁻ injector being now under construction. The injector parameters are as follows: energy − 400 keV; average beam current − 400 µA; beam pulse duration − up to 200 µs; pulse repetition rate − 50 Hz. A pulsed high-voltage generator and a surface-plasma ion source power supply have been developed and manufactured.Представлено состоянии работ по созданию инжектора отрицательных ионов водорода с энергией 400 кВ, который должен обеспечить средний ток пучка ионов до 400 мкА при длительности импульса тока до 200 мкс и частоте повторения импульсов 50 Гц. Разработаны, изготовлены и смонтированы генератор ускоряющего импульсного напряжения и система питания поверхностно-плазменного ионного источника.Представлено звіт про стан робіт зі створення інжектора негативних іонів водню з енергією 400 кВ, що повинен забезпечити середній струм пучка іонів до 400 мкА при тривалості імпульсу струму пучка до 200 мкс і частоті повторення імпульсів 50 Гц. Розроблено, виготовлені і змонтовані генератор прискорювальної імпульсної напруги і система живлення поверхнево-плазмового іонного джерел

An Extreme Solar Event of 20 January 2005: Properties of the Flare and the Origin of Energetic Particles

The extreme solar and SEP event of 20 January 2005 is analyzed from two perspectives. Firstly, we study features of the main phase of the flare, when the strongest emissions from microwaves up to 200 MeV gamma-rays were observed. Secondly, we relate our results to a long-standing controversy on the origin of SEPs arriving at Earth, i.e., acceleration in flares, or shocks ahead of CMEs. All emissions from microwaves up to 2.22 MeV line gamma-rays during the main flare phase originated within a compact structure located just above sunspot umbrae. A huge radio burst with a frequency maximum at 30 GHz was observed, indicating the presence of a large number of energetic electrons in strong magnetic fields. Thus, protons and electrons responsible for flare emissions during its main phase were accelerated within the magnetic field of the active region. The leading, impulsive parts of the GLE, and highest-energy gamma-rays identified with pi^0-decay emission, are similar and correspond in time. The origin of the pi^0-decay gamma-rays is argued to be the same as that of lower energy emissions. We estimate the sky-plane speed of the CME to be 2000-2600 km/s, i.e., high, but of the same order as preceding non-GLE-related CMEs from the same active region. Hence, the flare itself rather than the CME appears to determine the extreme nature of this event. We conclude that the acceleration, at least, to sub-relativistic energies, of electrons and protons, responsible for both the flare emissions and the leading spike of SEP/GLE by 07 UT, are likely to have occurred simultaneously within the flare region. We do not rule out a probable contribution from particles accelerated in the CME-driven shock for the leading GLE spike, which seemed to dominate later on.Comment: 34 pages, 14 Postscript figures. Solar Physics, accepted. A typo corrected. The original publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

An update on the Axion Helioscopes front: current activities at CAST and the IAXO project

Although they have not yet been detected, axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) continue to maintain the interest (even increasingly so) of the rare-event searches community as viable candidates for the Dark Matter of the Universe but also as a solution for several other puzzles of astrophysics. Their property of coupling to photons has inspired different experimental methods for their detection, one of which is the helioscope technique. The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) is the most sensitive helioscope built up to date and has recently published part of the latest data taken with the magnet bores gradually filled with 3He, probing the mass range up to 1.17 eV. The International AXion Observatory (IAXO) is being proposed as a facility where different axion studies can be performed, with the primary goal to study axions coming from the Sun. Designed to maximize sensitivity, it will improve the levels reached by CAST by almost 5 orders of magnitude in signal detection, that is more than one order of magnitude in terms of gaγ. Here we will summarize the most important aspects of the helioscopes, and focus mainly on IAXO, based on the recent papers [1, 2]