138 research outputs found

    Vers un espace public européen ? Les élections européennes de juin 2004. Résultats et éléments d'analyses

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    Notre Europe est un groupement indĂ©pendant d’études et de recherches sur l’Europe, son passĂ©, ses civilisations, sa marche vers l’unitĂ© et ses perspectives d’avenir. L’association a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă©e par Jacques Delors Ă  l’automne 1996 et est prĂ©sidĂ©e par Pascal Lamy depuis novembre 2004. Elle se compose d’une petite Ă©quipe de chercheurs originaires de divers pays. En tant que laboratoire d’idĂ©es sur la construction europĂ©enne, le groupement souhaite apporter une contribution aux dĂ©bats d’actualitĂ© avec le recul de l’analyse et la pertinence des propositions (...)

    Vers un espace public européen ? Les élections européennes de juin 2004:Résultats et éléments d'analyses

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    Notre Europe est un groupement indĂ©pendant d’études et de recherches sur l’Europe, son passĂ©, ses civilisations, sa marche vers l’unitĂ© et ses perspectives d’avenir. L’association a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă©e par Jacques Delors Ă  l’automne 1996 et est prĂ©sidĂ©e par Pascal Lamy depuis novembre 2004. Elle se compose d’une petite Ă©quipe de chercheurs originaires de divers pays. En tant que laboratoire d’idĂ©es sur la construction europĂ©enne, le groupement souhaite apporter une contribution aux dĂ©bats d’actualitĂ© avec le recul de l’analyse et la pertinence des propositions (...).Etude commandĂ©e par le groupe Notre Europ

    “Europe is our future”: Measuring support for European integration as a tridimensional temporal process

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    Introduction: On the 2nd of June 1992, a majority of Danish voters said “no” to the Maastricht Treaty. Asked about the same time what they thought of the EC, 56% of Danish people claimed that membership to the EC was a good thing, 61% approved European Unification and 67% acknowledged their country benefited from its membership. At the time of the “No vote” relative to the Nice referendum, the Irish were even more euro-enthusiast with 81% claiming their country membership was a good thing and 83% that it benefited from this membership. Seven years later, still a majority of French and Dutch people considered their country membership as a good thing and declared their country benefited from it when voting “no” for the Constitutional Treaty2. Why such a discrepancy between referenda results and measurement of support? Could it be that the measures used since now more than forty years in European studies to grasp people’s support for European integration are deficient? In a European Union in search for legitimacy, being able to evaluate and understand citizens’ opinion appears crucial

    L’Europe comme enjeu clivant:ses effets perturbateurs sur l’offre Ă©lectorale et les orientations de vote lors de l’élection prĂ©sidentielle de 2012

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    Quel rĂŽle a tenu l’enjeu europĂ©en, Ă  la fois dans l’offre Ă©lectorale et dans le choix des Ă©lecteurs, au cours de la sĂ©quence Ă©lectorale prĂ©sidentielle de 2012 ? À partir de l’articulation d’un triple jeu de donnĂ©es (professions de foi, discours de campagne, enquĂȘte post-Ă©lectorale Cevipof), les rĂ©sultats prĂ©sentĂ©s mettent en Ă©vidence les effets perturbateurs des questions europĂ©ennes. Un double cadrage de dĂ©nonciation et de politisation (indexĂ©e sur une structuration gauche-droite opposant État providence/État souverain) organise de maniĂšre inĂ©dite les argumentaires des candidats et fait Ă©cho aux prĂ©occupations des citoyens. La bidimensionalitĂ© confirmĂ©e des attitudes Ă  l’égard de l’UE et son influence contrastĂ©e sur les comportements Ă©lectoraux montre aussi que la rĂ©flexion sur l’intĂ©gration europĂ©enne comme clivage n’est pas un dĂ©bat clos.What role did the European challenge play in the domestic policy programmes and in voter choice during the 2012 French presidential election? Using three different datasets (manifestos, campaign speeches and the Cevipof post-electoral opinion poll), our results unveil the disturbing impact of the European issue. The candidates’ speeches show a double focus of denouncing and politicizing (revealing a left-right structure opposing welfare state/sovereign state) which echoes citizens’ worries. The bi-dimensionality of attitudes towards Europe is confirmed. As these two dimensions do not have the same influence on electoral behavior, our results suggest that the question of the role of European integration in the emergence of a new political cleavage should not be buried too quickly

    Les transformations culturelles et la France des valeurs. Quelles Ă©volutions ?

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    International audienceCette confĂ©rence a prĂ©sentĂ© deux ouvrages parus aux Presses universitaires de Grenoble (PUG), collection Libres cours Politique : * Inglehart Ronald, Les transformations culturelles. Comment les valeurs des individus bouleversent le monde?, 2018, * BrĂ©chon Pierre, Gonthier FrĂ©dĂ©ric, Astor Sandrine (direction), La France des valeurs, Quarante ans d'Ă©volutions, 2019,Inglehart est un politiste internationalement connu, qui a notamment dĂ©veloppĂ© la thĂ©orie du post-matĂ©rialisme. Dans cet ouvrage il relit son itinĂ©raire de recherche sur une cinquantaine d'annĂ©es. Livre trĂšs utile pour comprendre les trĂšs nombreux travaux de l'auteur sur le changement culturel dans le monde.Le deuxiĂšme ouvrage prĂ©sente les rĂ©sultats de l'enquĂȘte sur les valeurs des Français en 2018 comparĂ©s Ă  ceux des vagues prĂ©cĂ©dentes

    Syntheses, Crystal Structure and Physico-Chemical Studies of Sodium and Potassium Alcoholates Bearing Thienyl Substituents and their Derived Luminescent Sm(III) Alkoxides

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    International audienceThe synthesis, structural characterization, electrochemistry and luminescence properties of a series of alkali metal alcoholates and Sm(III) alkoxides with thiophene−based−OR substituents are presented. The alkali metal alcoholates 7-15 have been obtained by deprotonation of the carbinol with NaH or KH. Their molecular structures consist of tetranuclear alkali metal alcoholates with a distorted cubane−like M4O4 core (X-ray structure analyses). Each alkali metal is surrounded by three carbinolate ligands and (depending on the derivative) by additional tetrahydrofuran molecules. The mononuclear samarium alkoxides {Sm[OC(C4H3S)3]3(thf)3} * thf (16) and {Sm[OC(C16H13S)]3(thf)3} * thf (17) were synthesized by the salt metathesis reactions between {[KOC(C4H3S)3]4(thf)2} * thf (7), [NaOC(C4H3S)3]4(thf)2 (8) or {[KOC(C16H13S)]4(thf)3} * Âœ thf (11), respectively, and SmCl3 in thf solution. The molecular structures of these air−sensitive base adducts have been determined by single−crystal X−ray crystallography and reveal an approximately octahedral coordination sphere around the samarium metal centres with three methoxido ligands and three facially arranged thf molecules. The electrochemical properties are essentially dominated by the oxidation of the thienyl units. The emission spectra of the carbinols and their derived potassium and sodium compounds display broad bands attributed to the π*→π transitions of the aromatic ligands. Luminescence studies performed on complexes 16 and 17 reveal the typical f−f transitions of the Sm(III) ion. The photophysical data suggest that an energy transfer from the ligand to the metal centre operates

    Multidisciplinary approach of early breast cancer: The biology applied to radiation oncology

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    Early breast cancer treatment is based on a multimodality approach with the application of clinical and histological prognostic factors to determine locoregional and systemic treatments. The entire scientific community is strongly involved in the management of this disease: radiologists for screening and early diagnosis, gynecologists, surgical oncologists and radiation oncologists for locoregional treatment, pathologists and biologists for personalized characterization, genetic counselors for BRCA mutation history and medical oncologists for systemic therapies

    Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs

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    Life-threatening `breakthrough' cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody response to the SARS- CoV-2 vaccine in individuals already at risk. Pre-existing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; however, their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people remains unknown. Here, we studied a cohort of 48 individuals ( age 20-86 years) who received 2 doses of an mRNA vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Antibody levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto- Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal antibody response to the vaccine. Among them, ten (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43-86 years). Eight of these ten patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-a2 and IFN-., while two neutralized IFN-omega only. No patient neutralized IFN-ss. Seven neutralized 10 ng/mL of type I IFNs, and three 100 pg/mL only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) efficiently, while one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only 100 pg/mL of type I IFNs neutralized both D61G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a significant proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population

    Les jeunes face Ă  l’intĂ©gration europĂ©enne

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    Dieser Artikel beschreibt den jetzigen Stand der Beziehung zwischen «Jugendlichen «und «EuropĂ€ischer Union «. Er zeigt zuerst worin das Interesse der EuropĂ€ischen Union fĂŒr die «Jugenlichen «besteht und erwĂ€hnt kurz die öffentlichen politischen Programme der Union zugunsten der Jugendlichen. Er zeigt dann, dass die Forschung ĂŒber Meinungen und Standpunkte der «Jugendlichen «gegenĂŒber der EuropĂ€ischen Integration auch ein Thema der Politikwissenschaft darstellt, denn somit können grundlegende Fragen fĂŒr das europĂ€ische politische System behandelt werden wie zum Beispiel die politische Sozialisierung der Individuen und das Legitimationsverfahren dieses Systems. Er lĂ€dt also dazu ein, die Forschungen in diesem Bereich fortzusetzen.This paper analyses the relation between youth and the European Union. It first aims to determine the interest young people have for the European Union and introduces briefly the Community public policies implemented for them. It then shows that the study of young people ‱s opinions and behaviours as regards European integration, constitutes a challenge for political sciences as well, allowing to raise main issues for the European political system, such as the individual’ political socialization and the process to legitimate the system. It invites to carry on researches in this field.Cet article dresse un Ă©tat des lieux de la relation entre "Jeunes" et "Union europĂ©enne". Il s’attache tout d’abord Ă  prĂ©senter en quoi rĂ©side l’intĂ©rĂȘt de l’Union europĂ©enne pour les "jeunes" et Ă  dĂ©crire briĂšvement les politiques publiques communautaires qui leur sont destinĂ©es. Il montre ensuite que l’étude des opinions et attitudes des "jeunes" Ă  l’égard de l’intĂ©gration europĂ©enne constitue Ă©galement un enjeu de science politique, parce qu’elle permet d’aborder des questions essentielles pour le systĂšme politique europĂ©en telles que celles relatives Ă  la socialisation politique des individus et au processus de lĂ©gitimation de ce systĂšme. Il invite dĂšs lors Ă  poursuivre les recherches dans ce domaine.Este artĂ­culo hace un inventario de la relaciĂłn entre «JĂłvenes» y «UniĂłn Europea». Se apega en una primera instancia en presentar, en quĂ© radica el interĂ©s de la UniĂłn Europea para los jĂłvenes y en describir brevemente las polĂ­ticas pĂșblicas comunitarias que les estĂĄn destinadas. Muestra despuĂ©s, que el anĂĄlisis de las opiniones y actitudes de los «jĂłvenes» ante la integraciĂłn europea constituye ademĂĄs una apuesta de ciencia polĂ­tica, porque permite abordar cuestiones esenciales para el sistema polĂ­tico europeo, tal como aquellas referentes a la socializaciĂłn polĂ­tica de los individuos y al proceso de legitimaciĂłn de aquel sistema. Invita por tanto a proseguir las investigaciones en este ĂĄmbito.Belot CĂ©line. Les jeunes face Ă  l’intĂ©gration europĂ©enne. In: Agora dĂ©bats/jeunesses, 20, 2000. RĂ©sistances Ă  l’uniformisation culturelle. pp. 35-48

    Toujours plus fiers d’ĂȘtre Français ! Un sentiment partagĂ© mais diffĂ©renciĂ©

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