Research focusing on plant performance in constructed wetlands and agronomic application of treated wastewater – A set of experimental studies in Sicily (Italy)

Constructed wetlands are sustainable technologies for the treatment of wastewater. These biological systems have been widely studied throughout the world for more than 30 years; however, most studies have focused on the effects of design and engineering on pollutant removal from wastewater. Undoubtedly, agro-technical aspects have been given too little consideration by research. This paper reports the main results of a set of experiments carried out on two pilot horizontal subsurface flow systems in Sicily (Italy). Festuca, Lolium and Pennisetum spp. in combination and three emergent macrophytes–Arundo donax L., Cyperus alternifolius L. and Typha latifolia L.–alone, were assessed. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that, under predetermined hydraulic and design conditions, the choice of plant species and the management of the vegetation can significantly affect the pollutant removal performance of constructed wetlands. In addition, wastewater (after treatment) can also be used for agricultural purposes leading to increased sustainability in agricultural systems. Arundo and Typha-planted units performed better than Cyperus-planted units in terms of chemical, physical and microbiological contaminant removal. All the species adapted extremely well to wetland conditions. Polyculture systems were found to be more efficient than monocultures in the removal of dissolved organic compounds. The reuse of treated wastewater for the irrigation of open fields and horticultural crops led to significant savings in the use of freshwater and fertilizers. The results of physical-energy characterization of A. donax above-ground plant residues and pellets highlighted the fact that a constructed wetland could also be a potential source of bioenergy

For Women of Missoula: Menstruation and Refugees

Stigmatization, lack of accessible menstrual products, and an overall misconstrued sense of menstruation impact menstruators at a disproportionate rate. When delving into the literature, we found that refugee women not only faced stigmas and a lack of access to menstrual products and education, but also ran into cultural barriers and differing attitudes on menstruation. To address this issue, we formulated the idea of a menstrual drive. Instead of focusing on refugee menstruators as a whole, our focus will be the refugee population in Missoula, MT. We recognize that the stigmatization of menstruation is an ongoing global issue that affects many menstruators worldwide; however, we also aim to address the same issue present within our community. During the implementation stage of this project, we found commonly shared interests in the refugee crisis as well as sexual health education and started here when creating our project’s main idea. The next stage involved gathering information about refugee menstruators, cultural considerations, barriers to menstruation, and an apparent lack of education. Then we began outreach to Soft Landing Missoula and the International Rescue Committee (IRC) on the feasibility of this project. Our next and final steps will include gathering menstrual products to assemble menstrual kits and dispersing these kits to Soft Landing Missoula for refugee menstruators to collect. Our goal is to make an impact and reverse menstruation stigma at the community level, starting with our refugee community

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN KEKERASAN PSIKIS, FISIK DAN SEKSUAL MENURUT UU NO. 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UU NO. 23 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban kekerasan psikis, fisik dan seksual dan bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap anak korban kekerasan fisik, psikis dan seksual. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif disimpulkan: 1. Perlindungan anak adalah untuk menjamin dan melindungi hal-hal anak, terpenuhinya harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan, serta terhindar dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi serta terwujudnya yang berakhlak mulia. Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 serta prinsip-prinsip dasar konvensi hal-hal anak yang meliputi: Nondiskriminasi; Kepentingan yang terbaik dari anak; Hak untuk kelangsungan hidup;Hak untuk tidak di eksposisi. Dalam Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 yang telah diubah dengan UU No. 35 Tahun 2014 pasal 59 menyebutkan tanggungan pemerintah untuk memberikan perlindungan khusus bagi anak. 2. Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban kekerasan psikis, fisik dan seksual yaitu: Kekerasan psikis, biasanya terjadi di lingkungan rumah tangga yang dilakukan oleh orang tua sendiri; Kekerasan fisik akibat penganiayaan diakibatkan oleh suatu episode kekerasan yang tunggal atau berulang-ulang yang dilakukan terhadap anak; Kekerasan seksual berupa aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh orang dewasa terhadap anak, ini dapat dilakukan dengan paksaan atau tanpa paksaan. Dalam pelanggaran seksual dengan unsur paksaan ini diberi trimonologi khusus yaitu perkosaan delik ini diatur dalam Pasal 285 KUHP yaitu harus memenuhi unsur kekerasan, persetubuhan, perempuan yang bukan istri. Kata kunci: Anak, korban kekerasan psikis, fisik, seksual

Non-collaborative Attackers and How and Where to Defend Flawed Security Protocols (Extended Version)

Security protocols are often found to be flawed after their deployment. We present an approach that aims at the neutralization or mitigation of the attacks to flawed protocols: it avoids the complete dismissal of the interested protocol and allows honest agents to continue to use it until a corrected version is released. Our approach is based on the knowledge of the network topology, which we model as a graph, and on the consequent possibility of creating an interference to an ongoing attack of a Dolev-Yao attacker, by means of non-collaboration actuated by ad-hoc benign attackers that play the role of network guardians. Such guardians, positioned in strategical points of the network, have the task of monitoring the messages in transit and discovering at runtime, through particular types of inference, whether an attack is ongoing, interrupting the run of the protocol in the positive case. We study not only how but also where we can attempt to defend flawed security protocols: we investigate the different network topologies that make security protocol defense feasible and illustrate our approach by means of concrete examples.Comment: 29 page

The Latin Leaflet, Number 29

Polymer electrolytes represent the ultimate in terms of desirable properties of energy storage/conversion devices, as they can offer an all-solid-state construction, a wide variety of shapes and sizes, light-weight, low costs, high energy density and safety. Here we present our recent results concerning a novel strategy for preparing efficient polymer membranes which are successfully demonstrated as suitable electrolytes for several energy conversion and storage devices (i.e., Li- and Na-based batteries and DSSCs). Highly ionic conducting polymer electrolytes containing PEO-based functionalities and different components (e.g., Li/Na salts, RTILs, natural biosourced and cellulosic fillers) are successfully prepared via a rapid process and, directly or subsequently, cross-linked via UV irradiation (patent pending, PCT/IT2014/000008). All the prepared materials are thoroughly characterised in terms of their physical, chemical and morphological properties and tested for their electrochemical performances and durability. The UV-curing process on such materials led to the production of elastic and resistant amorphous macromolecular networks. Noticeably increased ionic conductivities are registered (10-3 S cm-1 at RT), along with very stable interfacial and storage stability and wide electrochemical stability windows. The different lab-scale solid-state devices show remarkable performances even at ambient temperature, at the level of those using liquid electrolytes, respect to which demonstrate much greater durability and safety. The obtained findings demonstrate a new, easy and low cost approach to fabricate and tailor-make polymer electrolytes with highly promising prospects for the next generation of advanced flexible energy production and storage devices

Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 2 Tahun 2010 Tentang Kerjasama Desa Dalam Rangka Optimalisasi Potensi Desa Dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Desa Di Kabupaten Pasuruan (Studi Dwi Situs Di Desa Jarangan Kecamatan Rejoso Dan Desa Durensewu Kecamatan Panda

: Implementation Of Local Regulation Number 2 Year 2010 About Cooperation of Village Potential of The Original Village and Increased Revenue Villages In Pasuruan Regency. Perda Number 2 year 2010 about the village in order to optimize cooperation in pasuruan Regency, is no exception and the village of Jarangan village of Durensewu, there was a problem in the implementation of this change, because not all Subdictrict Pasuruan apply it with proven not the whole village know device and understand about this, research purposes perda is describing and analyzing how the implementation of the Pasuruan Regency Perda, describe and analyze the factor endowments and a barrier as well as the impact of this regulation on the optimisation of the potential of the original village and increased income in the village of Jarangan village and Durensewu village. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Implementation of this local regulation is succeed in Durensewu village sub district Pandaan viewing from implementing actors, goals and objectives of the program, as well as communication and coordination. This impact optimization of perda potential villages and increased revenue through the village's original Durensewu and Open new jobs from village cooperations with a third party, there are PT. Berkat Ganda Sentosa, Kastari and Manking Sodikin, but did not have an impact in Jarangan village, supporters factor in the village of Durensewu is the Government's supporters, quality of human resources, it support and the trust of the people, the accessibility factor and the achievements of the village Durensewu. Restricting factors in the village of Jarangan was the quality of human resources and support and confidence of the people

An agronomic evaluation of new safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm for seed and oil yields under Mediterraean climate conditions

Interest in oilseed crops for agro-industrial research and development projects has increased in the Mediterranean area, in recent years. Saffloower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is of potential interest for agriculture mainly due to fatty acid content variability in the seed oil. The aim of this study was to assess the agronomic performance of 16 new safflower accessions together with safflower variety Montola 2000, used as a reference, in a semi-arid environment. Research was carried out in Sicily (Italy) from 2013–2014. Hierarchical cluster analysis carried out on the fatty acid composition of safflower accessions resulted in their division into four main groups. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the main fatty acids present in the accessions. Seed yield was 1.11 t ha-1 on average and seed oil content was found to be approximately 35.01% of dry matter on average. Positive and significant relationships between seed/oil yield and other tested traits were found. The carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen content as a percentage of dry matter varied greatly both for the above- and belowground plant parts on average. This study confirms the interest of safflower for both food and non-food applications, offering interesting prospects in semi-arid regions