Design of Microgravity Space Environments to Enhance Crew Health, Morale, and Productivity

This paper discusses habitability issues and design concepts which apply to large and small space stations. Special emphasis is placed upon opportunities and constraints posed by microgravity and upon special problems and needs associated with long-term isolation under confined conditions. Designed concepts are illustrated through photographs of drawings and models. (Many more are presented in the live talk than in this publication). Types of functional areas addressed include crew quarters, food preparation/dining areas, work areas, and exercise/recreation facilities

Addiction

I have always considered that my work was my teacher. I follow the work. My priority has always been to keep working no matter what. No one needs this kind of study except for the person doing the study. It is not a product, it is the evidence of a series of investigations. I am addicted to working in this manner

The Transportation Prescription: Bold New Ideas for Healthy, Equitable Transportation Reform in America

Outlines the direct and indirect health effects of transportation policies and offers a framework for a healthy, equitable policy, including prioritizing investments in distressed areas, accessibility, transparency, accountability, and community input

Effects of Metaphorical Communication on the Acquisiton, Retention, and Transfer of Counselor Goal-setting Skills

Applied Behavioral Studie

Identity Formation in a Relational Context: A Person-Centered Analysis of Troubled Youth

The purpose of this study was to examine the identity formation of troubled youth (8 female and 12 male adolescents, ages 14–17) in an after-school treatment program for problem behavior. To achieve this goal we (a) garnered information from 2 identity interviews given 6 to 8 weeks apart, (b) adopted a qualitative, person-centered analytical strategy to identify identity profiles, and (c) examined the identity profiles within a relational context, focusing on the developmentally salient domains of parents and peers. Analyses revealed 5 identity profiles similar to the identity statuses previously described by Marcia and others, but with unique phenomenological differences. Across the profiles, youth differed in their responses (in terms of exploration and commitment) to the “identity challenges” they encountered during this brief period. Likewise, the relational contexts of parental and peer support also varied across profiles

Household Social Environmental Influences on African-American Adolescents’ Smoking Habits

Because most smokers begin smoking during adolescence and because there are few studies that focus on African-American adolescent’s smoking behavior, the purpose of this study was to determine if a significant difference exists in the prevalence of smoking between African-American adolescent teens living with household members who smoke and those living with household members who do not smoke. The subjects in this study were 585 adolescents (342 females and 243 males) who received services at the Center Hill Health Center from 2001 to 2004. The data was collected from the medical records of the clients selected for this study. The data in this study was analyzed using chi square tests of independence. The first analysis revealed that a significant difference existed between the smoking status of the household members of adolescents who were smokers compared to those who where non- smokers (? 2 = 14.58, df = 1, p < .05.)

A manned lunar outpost. Design considerations for three key elements in an initial manned lunar outpost

The Initial Manned Lunar Outpost (IMLO) is proposed as the initial permanent base for manned activities on the Moon. The study concentrated on identifying the equipment, support systems, and initial base configuration necessary to accomplish the various science, industrial and exploration activities planned. The primary concepts of the MLO were the use of hard modules for habitation areas creating a flexible, modular transportation system; designing a multi-functional vehicle; and using an overhead radiation protection system. The transportation system, dubbed the Lunar Mobile Surface Transport System (LMSTS), carries the hard modules to the surface of the moon and provides a method to move them to the desired location through the use of interchangeable pallets. The avionics pallets are changed-out with wheel and hitch pallets, transforming the LMSTS into a "tractor trailer" used with the Multi-Functional Vehicle (MFV). The modules are placed under the Regolith Support Structure (RSS) which provides a stable environment and radiation protection for the entire base. The overhead structure was chosen over simply burying the modules to provide a study on the advantages and disadvantages of this type of system. The advantages include easy access to the exterior of the modules, providing a protected area for vehicles and equipment used in EVA, and creating an area of constant temperature. Disadvantages include a need for prefabrication of structural components, including the preconstruction and construction phases of the initial MLO. The design approach taken considered existing and near-term materials and technology only, without the consideration of possible future building technologies

Partial gravity habitat study: With application to lunar base design

Comprehensive design requirements associated with designing habitats for humans in a partial gravity environment were investigated and then applied to a lunar base design. Other potential sites for application include planetary surfaces such as Mars, variable gravity research facilities, or a rotating spacecraft. Design requirements for partial gravity environments include: (1) locomotion changes in less than normal Earth gravity; (2) facility design issues, such as interior configuration, module diameter and geometry; and (3) volumetric requirements based on the previous as well as psychological issues involved in prolonged isolation. For application to a Lunar Base, it was necessary to study the exterior architecture and configuration to insure optimum circulation patterns while providing dual egress. Radiation protection issues were addressed to provide a safe and healthy environment for the crew, and finally, the overall site was studied to locate all associated facilities in context with the habitat. Mission planning was not the purpose of this study; therefore, a Lockheed scenario was used as an outline for the Lunar Base application, which was then modified to meet the project needs