Charge parasitaire des eaux usées brutes de la ville de Kénitra (Maroc)

Parasitic load of rough wastewater in the Kenitra city, (Morocco)Like the majority of Moroccan cities, Kenitra is confronted with problems concerning the wastewater management and protection of the quality of water resources (Sebou estuary, Maamora wetland and lake Fouarat). Indeed, a great part of wastewater is released into the estuary of Sebou, in the neighborhood of the Saknia popular districts.In this present work charged to evaluate the parasitic load of roughwastewater of three collectors of the city in relation to the demographicand socio-economic profile of the populations connected to thesecollectors, our results highlighted a diversity of parasites in the form ofeggs of helminths with following average concentrations: Ascaris sp.(13,68 eggs/L), Trichuris sp. (3,84 eggs/L), Enterobius vermicularis (0,60 eggs/L), Ankylostome sp. (2,51 eggs/L), Nematodirus sp. (0,88 eggs/L), Hymenolepis nana (1,96 eggs/L), Moniezia expansa (2,46 eggs/L) and Taenia sp. (1,81 eggs/L). The distribution of parasitic eggs of helminths varied according to the size of the urban centres and the socio-economic level of the urban  populations connected to each collector. This study also highlighted the qualitative and quantitative seasonal variations of eggs of helminths in wastewater of the different collectors of the Kenitra city

Contribution à l’étude de la salinisation de la nappe côtière de Foum El Oued (Laayoune) au Maroc

La nappe côtière de Foum EL Oued est la principale unité hydrogéologique de la région de Laâyoune, Maroc.Elle circule dans des formations calcaires fissurées du Cénomanien et dans des formations détritiques du Plioquaternaire. Ces derniers favorisent le transit des eaux d’infiltration à forte charge saline, vers la nappe d’eau souterraine. La conductivité électrique moyenne des eaux souterraines étudiées montre des variations importantes, de 1,7 mS/cm (zone interne) à 7 mS/cm. En effet, elle accuse des valeurs de plus en plus importantes en direction de la mer, avec un gradient d’augmentation important dans les premiers kilomètres du rivage. La minéralisation totale est déterminée principalement par les ions chlorures et sodium qui montrent une corrélation positive avec la conductivité électrique. La combinaison des outils, géologiques, hydrogéologiques, piézométriques et hydro chimiques a montré que les fortes salinités des eaux souterraines sont liées au phénomène d’intrusion marine (dans les premiers kilomètres de la côte), à celui du lessivage de la roche réservoir et de l’infiltration des eaux de retour. Ces méthodes d’étude ont montré une meilleure adaptation avec notre système aquifère côtier.Mots-clés: nappe côtière, salinité, intrusion marine, hydrochimie, Foum El Oeud, Maroc. Contribution for study of the salinization of costal aquifer of Foum El Oued Laayoune, MoroccoThe coastal aquifer of El Foum El Oued circulate either in Cenomanian limestones(crack permeability) in the south east part or in the sandy calcareous formations of Plioquaternary in downstream part. These aquifer formations caracterized by important perme abilities and a small depth of piezometric level below a sand-clayey soil, are regarded a priori as sensitive to saline pollution. The electric conductivity average of ground waters studied shows important variations of 1.7 mS/cm (south east part) to 7 mS/cm (coastal areas). Indeed it shows increasingly important values in direction of the sea, with an important gradient of the increase in the first kilometers from the coast. The total mineralization is determined mainly by the sodium and chlorides ions which show a positive correlation with the electric conductivity. The combination of geological, hydro geological and geochemical methods shows that the high salinities of ground waters are related to: seawater intrusion (in the first kilometers of the coast), aquifer formation lixiviation, infiltration of water of return and a possible trapping of old seawater. These methods of study show a better adaptation with our coastal aquifer system.Keywords: coastal aquifer, salinity, marine intrusion, geochemistry,Foum El Oued, Morocco.

Prospective Study of Intestinal Parasites in Children Hospitalized in the Pediatric Department at the Hospital in El Eldrissi (Kenitra City - Morocco)

The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology and prevalence of intestinal parasites in children hospitalized in the pediatric ward at the hospital El Eldrissi Kenitra during the period 2011 from the month February to May. During the study period a prevalence of 49% was recorded among the whole sample studied. The male is the most parasitized with 63%. The mean age was 6.5 ± 0.39 year. Child aged 4 to 10 years are most affected with a frequency of 57%. The majority of parasitised patients were from rural areas (64%). The results of the parasitological analysis showed predominance of protozoa (90.6%) compared with Helminths (9.4%)

GIS and Statistical Evaluation of Fluoride Content in Southern Part of Upper Rasyan Aquifer, Taiz, Yemen

Fluorosis continues to be an endemic problem in Yemen. More areas are being affected by fluorosis in different parts of this country. The present study aims to identify the intensity and the spatial extent of fluoride concentration in groundwater of the southern part of the upper Wadi Rasyan, Taiz, Yemen. 93 sampling points were selected; the sampling included all types of sources of groundwater and all types of aquifers. The results show that 71% of samples exceed the WHO drinking water guidelines value of 1.5 mg/l, and there are wide variation for groundwater’s content of fluoride in the same aquifer (whether, volcanic and alluvial) and in the same of groundwater type, and these variations between the different water types or between the different depths of water (alluvial and volcanic aquifers) are not significantly different. The high concentration of fluoride in groundwater of the volcanic aquifer is likely because of the nature of geology formations by the water-rock interaction result of long-time residence of water in contact with the geology formation. The high concentration of fluoride in the alluvial aquifer likely resulting the waste of urban and industrial activates sources, the over exploration of groundwater, the arid climatic and the activities agriculture

La Drépanocytose Chez Les Enfants Hospitaliers Au Service De Pédiatrie (CHR El Idriss De Kénitra, Maroc): A Propos De 53 Cas.

The objective of this work is to study sickle cell in children 1 to 16 years at El Idrissi regional hospital of Kenitra (Morocco) The study was conducted between March and June 2012. The population includes 53 patients, 39 male and 14 female. The studied parameters were age, sex, socioeconomic status, origin, age of diagnosis and schooling. Data on sickle cell patients was collected from information sheets available from the archives department at the El Idrissi regional hospital of Kenitra and a patient's verbal consent or that of the child's parents. Sickle cell disease is the third leading cause of admission (10.16 % of total admissions). 47.16 % of patients are under the age of 6 years. The diagnosis of disease is made in 32.07 % of the cases around 9 months. In 94.3% of cases, patients are from family whose father has a low and irregular income. The main causes of hospitalization are painful crises (69.81 %), acute anemia (28.30%), and infections (28.30%). As a medical treatment, the rehydration, analgesics, antibiotics and blood transfusions are the most prescribed. The transfusion was performed in 96.22 % of cases. The lack of early detection and socio –economic pressures and environmental conditions seems to put our patients in a vulnerable state.The focus should be on prevention and strengthening the capacity of families

Étude de la dynamique stationnelle des populations des culicidés dans la province de Sidi Slimane (Maroc)

La province de Sidi Slimane (Maroc) par son climat et sa position dans la plaine du Gharb en tant qu’une zone d’inondation, engendre une grande variété de gîtes larvaires culicidiens. Les autorités sanitaires de la province adoptent la stratégie nationale qui vise essentiellement le maintien de l’élimination des maladies parasitaires à transmission vectorielle et notamment le paludisme autochtone qui repose en grande partie sur la lutte contre le vecteur. Cette lutte ne peut être efficace sans la bonne connaissance de la répartition de ce vecteur dans l’espace et dans le temps. Dans ce travail nous avons suivi l’évolution spatiotemporelle de 06 espèces de la famille de culicidae (1 espèce d’Anophèles, 5 espèces de Culex) dans huit (08) stations au cours d’un cycle hydrologique de l’année 2011 dans la province de Sidi Slimane (Maroc). Les différents peuplements étudiés sont largement dominés par Cx. pepiens aussi bien spatialement que temporellement. C’est une espèce ubiquiste et printano-automnale. CX.hortensis est une espèce printanière. Cx. theileri est une espèce qui enregistre son maximum d’abondance en printemps. CX. laticinctus évolue également dans un gîte permanent presque durant toute l’année, An. labranchiae, CX.medestus, espèces qui ont des exigences quant au type de gîtes à coloniser.Mots-clés : culicidae, spatio-temporel, anophèles, culex, Sidi Slimane, MarocStudy of the population dynamics of stational culicidées in the province of Sidi Slimane (Morocco)The province of Sidi Slimane (Morocco) by its climate and its geographical situation in the plain of Gharb,which is known as a zone of flood, engenders a big variety of mosquitos larvae breeding grounds. The sanitary authorities of the province adopt the national strategy That aims essentially at eliminating the parasitic diseases at vector transmission , particularly, the autochtonous malaria , That takes the largest part in the fight .However The fight against this vector cannot be effective without a good knowledge of distribution in space and time. In this work we followed the spatiotemporelle evolution of 06 culicidae family species (1 species of Anophèles, 5 species of Culex). In eight (08) stations during a hydrological cycle of the year 2011 in the province. The various studied settlements are largely dominated by Cx. pepiens spatially and temporally as well ubiquist and printano-autumnal. CX.hortensis is a spring species. Cx. theileri is a species which records its maximum of abundance in spring. CX.laticinctus also evolves in the permanent of breeding places almost during all the year. An. labranchiae, CX.medestus, is species which have certain requirements as for the type of breeding places with colonize.Keywords : culicidae, spatio-temporel, anophèles, culex, Sidi Slimane, Morocco

DESCRIPTION DES HABITUDES ALIMENTAIRES DU CHINCHARD TRACHURUS TRACHURUS DE L’ATLANTIQUE NORD MAROCAIN

The study relates to the description of the diet of horse mackerel “Trachurus trachurus” of the northern Moroccan Atlantic ocean. The fishes were captured in July 2010 between Larache and Sidi Ifni. The 120 individuals sampled were between 15 and 41cm and weighed between 30 and 484g. The nutritional composition shows that the Trachurus trachurus is a carnivore species. Four major taxonomic groups of prey have been identified (crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms and fish) .The diet varies with the size of individuals who tend to ingest prey to larger and larger as their size increases. The emptiness coefficient is within 27.5%. The proportion of empty stomachs varied by size classes

Trematode infection among freshwater gastropods in the Gharb area, Morocco

In the summer of 2012 and the spring of 2013, a snail survey aimed at determining relationships between the distribution of molluscan fauna, various environmental factors and trematode infection was carried out in the Gharb area, Morocco. The molluscan fauna consisted of eleven species belonging to 6 families, (including 9 gastropods and 2 bivalves). Cercariae belonging to five families were collected. Only Melanopsis praemorsa, Lymnea peregra and Lymnaea truncatula issued the cercariae. No case of mixed-species infections was found. The present study, first of its kind at the Gharb region, paved the way for other studies to know information about the distribution and ecology of freshwater molluscs in the region. Keywords : Cercariae, freshwater gastropods, Trematode infection, The Garb area, Morocco.

Geographic Distribution of the Anopheles labranchiae Species Malaria Vector in the Province of Sidi Slimane, Morocco

The mosquitoes Culicidae have a medical and veterinary interest as they play an important role in the transmission of many parasitic and / or viral diseases and are a source of nuisance to humans. The province of Sidi Slimane remains exposed to the risk of emergence and recurrence of new cases of malaria due to the existence of breeding sites constituting a favorable biotope for the development and evolution of Culicidea, vectors of diseases. In the context of geographical distribution study of the Anopheles labranchiae specie in the province of Sidi Slimane during the period 2015- 2017, twenty larval breeding sites were monitored and surveyed in time and space. We have mapped the positive larval breeding sites of Anopheles labranchiae, the main vector of malaria transmission in Morocco, and identified the localities at risk in order to facilitate the fighting operations and to maintain the epidemiological situation at zero cases of indigenous malaria in the zone of study