Feed-Forward and Feed-Back Circuits of the NRF2/AP-1 Composite Pathway

Being the central regulator of oxidative status of the cell, NRF2 must be regulated so that its activity can be rapidly and strongly induced when needed and quickly suppressed when not. Moreover, for the cell, NRF2 means much more than just antioxidant defense. Numerous general functions rely on NRF2 and related factors. All this implies that the NRF2 pathway has peculiar and powerful mechanisms of control of its activity. To a great extent, these mechanisms are based on feed-forward and feed-back circuits. These circuits, more than a dozen, are in the focus of this chapter

АКТУАЛЬНІСТЬ ПРОБЛЕМИ ГУМАНІЗАЦІЇ ТА ГУМАНІТАРИЗАЦІЇ ОСВІТИ СТУДЕНТІВ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ

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Oxidative Status Pathways: Systemic Biomarkers

Systemic biomarkers (i.e. biomarkers of functioning of cellular pathways) offer a broad spectrum of diagnostic capabilities. There are several approaches to using systemic biomarkers that derive from exact needs of a researcher or a clinical specialist. First, analyzing a multifunctional and multi-systemic pathway in circulating cells (e.g. leukocytes) allows to gather generalized information on functioning of the organism. Second, there are numerous pathways that, even still in circulating cells, allow to assess risks of developing or stage of development of numerous diseases, including the leaders of non-infection diseases mortality—cardiovascular diseases. Third, biopsy specimens can readily be used to assess the exact signaling type of a disease (especially cancer) thus helping in selecting the best treatment option. Due to unique properties of the human oxidative status pathways that are discussed in the present chapter, diagnostics specialists are now acquiring an all-in-one toolbox for profiling and detecting almost any non-infectious and a broad range of infectious diseases. In addition to properties of the human oxidative status pathways opening these possibilities, this chapter considers exact systemic biomarkers deriving from this approach, reveals some examples of usage of the resulting diagnostic technology and provides instances of successful clinical application of the systemic biomarker approach

Cognitive and neural markers of super-recognisers’ face processing superiority and enhanced cross-age effect

Super-recognisers inhabit the extreme high end of an adult face processing ability spectrum in the population. While almost all research in this area has evaluated those with poor or mid-range abilities, evaluating whether super-recognisers’ superiority generates distinct electrophysiological brain activity, and transcends to different age group faces (i.e., children’s) is important for enhancing theoretical understanding of normal and impaired face processing. It may also be crucial for policing, as super-recognisers may be deployed to operations involving child identification and protection. In Experiment 1, super-recognisers (n = 315) outperformed controls (n = 499) at adult and infant face recognition, while also displaying larger cross-age effects. These findings were replicated in Experiment 2 (super-recognisers, n = 19; controls, n = 28), although one SR with frequent infant exposure showed no cross-age effect. Compared to controls, super-recognisers also generated significantly greater electrophysiological activity in event-related potentials associated with pictorial processing (P1) and explicit recognition (P600). Experiment 3, employing an upright and inverted sequential matching design found super-recognisers (n = 24) outperformed controls (n = 20) at adult and infant face matching, but showed no upright cross-age matching effects. Instead, they displayed larger inversion effects, and cross-age inversion effects, implicating the role of holistic processing in their perceptual superiority. Larger cross-age effects in recognition, but not matching suggests that super-recognisers’ adult face recognition is partly driven by experience. However, their enhanced infant face recognition suggest super-recognisers’ superiority is also experience-independent, results that have implications for policing and for models of face recognition

An investigation of interplay between dissipation mechanisms in heated Fermi systems by means of radiative strength functions

A simple analytical expression for the gamma-decay strength function is derived with microcanonical ensemble for initial excited states. The approach leads to both a non-zero limit of the strength function for vanishing gamma-ray energy and a partial breakdown of Brink hypothesis. It is shown that the low energy behaviour of the gamma-decay strength functions is governed by the energy behavior of the damping width. It may provides a new tool for study of the interplay between different relaxation mechanisms of the collective excitations.Comment: LaTeX file with text: 7 pages; 2 gzipped *.ps files with figure

Право на искусственное прерывание беременности: социальные, морально-этические и правовые проблемы

The paper is devoted to research, analysis and solution of problems connected with legal regulation of relations arising from the realization of the right to induced termination of pregnancy by women as a component of a more general right to reproductive health. The modern Russian and foreign legal framework and law enforcement practice in the sphere of relations related to induced termination of pregnancy are analyzed in the article. Theoretical, practical, social and ethical issues concerning the rights and interests of a pregnant woman and other participants of such social relations are explored. The relevance and necessity for further development and improvement of the legal regime regulating the relations connected with realization of the woman’s right to induced termination of pregnancy are substantiated. Scientific novelty of the paper consists in the fact that the authors have made an attempt to identify the main trends and directions in the legal framework for the sphere of social reproductive relations and develop constructive proposals for improvement of the legal mechanism of realization of the woman’s right to induced termination of pregnancy based on studies of the history of development of the institution of induced termination of pregnancy and analysis of the current norms of Russian and foreign legislation.El documento está dedicado a la investigación, análisis y solución de problemas relacionados con la regulación legal de las relaciones derivadas de la realización del derecho a la interrupción inducida del embarazo por parte de las mujeres como un componente de un derecho más general a la salud reproductiva. En el artículo se analizan el marco legal moderno ruso y extranjero y la práctica de aplicación de la ley en el ámbito de las relaciones relacionadas con la interrupción inducida del embarazo. Se exploran cuestiones teóricas, prácticas, sociales y éticas sobre los derechos e intereses de una mujer embarazada y otros participantes de tales relaciones sociales. Se corrobora la relevancia y la necesidad de un mayor desarrollo y mejora del régimen legal que regula las relaciones relacionadas con la realización del derecho de la mujer a la interrupción inducida del embarazo. La novedad científica del artículo consiste en el hecho de que los autores han intentado identificar las principales tendencias y direcciones en el marco legal para el ámbito de las relaciones sociales reproductivas y desarrollar propuestas constructivas para mejorar el mecanismo legal de realización del derecho de la mujer. a la interrupción inducida del embarazo basada en estudios de la historia del desarrollo de la institución de la interrupción inducida del embarazo y el análisis de las normas actuales de la legislación rusa y extranjera.Статья посвящена исследованию, анализу и решению проблем правового регулирования отношений, возникающих в связи с реализацией женщиной права на искусственное прерывание беременности как элемента принадлежащего ей более общего права на репродуктивное здоровье. Анализируются современная отечественная и зарубежная правовая база и правоприменительная практика в сфере отношений по искусственному прерыванию беременности. Исследуются теоретические, практические, социальные и моральнонравственные проблемы, затрагивающие права и интересы беременной женщины и иных участников данного рода общественных отношений. Обосновываются актуальность и необходимость дальнейшего развития и совершенствования режима правового регулирования отношений по реализации права женщины на искусственное прерывание беременности. Научная новизна работы заключается в том, что авторами предприняты попытки на основе изучения истории становления и развития института искусственного прерывания беременности, анализа действующих норм отечественного и зарубежного законодательства определить основные тенденции и направления правового обеспечения данной сферы репродуктивных общественных отношений и разработать конструктивные предложения в целях совершенствования правового механизма реализации права женщины на искусственное прерывание беременности

The Main Modernization Directions of the Industrial Complex

The functioning of enterprises in the conditions of economic uncertainty and high risks associated with it, dependence on external economic conjuncture, low competitiveness of domestic goods and services of Russia give determine a range of problems that can be solved only through modernization reforms in industry. They are determined by the formation of a competitive type of industrial production in Russia and high-tech industries that are able to generate high technology and modernize the sectoral system of national reproduction. Modernization of the Russian industry is based on internal growth factors using modern technologies and business methods with a gradual increase of the innovation potential. The purpose of the study is to identify the main directions of modernization for the formation of a modern competitive industry as the basis for ensuring economic growth and improving the quality of life of the population. To achieve this goal, the authors used dialectical, system-functional, economic-statistical, and formal-logical methods. In this contribution, the authors summarized the main directions of the implementation of industrial policy, presented statistical data on the creation of industrial parks. To strengthen the industrial potential of the Russian economy, it is necessary to provide conditions for the development of modern production, increasing production and energy efficiency, and increasing investment in fixed assets. The authors developed measures for the modernization of the industrial complex and predicted results of this program. Among key activities there are the development of affordable investment and innovation infrastructure, the creation of industrial parks and the development of the institutional environment

Super-recognisers: face recognition performance after variable delay intervals

Outstanding long‐term face recognition of suspects is a hallmark of the exceptionally skilled police ‘super‐recognisers’ (SRs). Yet, research investigating SR's memory for faces mainly employed brief retention intervals. Therefore, in Experiment 1, 597 participants (121 SRs) viewed 10 target videos and attempted identification of targets from 10 target‐present line‐ups after 1–56 days. In Experiment 2, 1,421 participants (301 SRs) viewed 20 target videos, and after a baseline of no delay to 28 days,—10 target‐present and 10 target‐absent line‐ups, to assess correct line‐up rejections. Overall, delay positively correlated with hits but not with correct rejections. Most, but not all SRs, made more correct identifications and correct rejections than controls at all retention intervals, demonstrating that many SRs possess enhanced long‐term face memory. This research adds to the knowledge of SR's skillsets, and enhances the case for the selection of SRs to identity critical roles—particularly policing