Energy Consumption, CO2 Emissions, and Tourist Arrivals to Small Island Economies Dependent on Tourism [Academic poster]

In less than two decades, the global tourism industry has overtaken the construction industry as one of the bigger polluters, accounting for up to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, research into the causal link between emissions and the tourism industry have increased significantly focusing extensively on top earners from the industry. However, few studies have thoroughly assessed this relationship for small island economies dependent on tourism. Hence, this study assessed the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, real GDP per capita (RGDP) and the tourism industry. The analysis is conducted for seven tourism-dependent countries for the period 1995 to 2014 using panel VAR approach. Unit root tests confirms all variables are stationary at first difference. Our VAR granger causality/block exogeneity Wald tests results show that a unidirectional causality flowing from tourism to CO2 emission, RGDP, and energy consumption, but a bi-directional causality exists between tourism and urbanization. This implies that in countries that depend on tourism, the behavior of CO2 emission, RGDP, and energy consumption can be predicted by the volume of tourist arrivals, but not the other way around. The impulse response analysis also shows that the responses of tourism to shocks in CO2 appear negative within the 1st year, positive within the 2nd and 3rd year but revert to equilibrium in the fourth year. Finally, the reaction of tourism to shocks in energy consumption is similar to its reaction to shocks in RGDP. Tourism responds positively to shocks in urbanization throughout the periods. Consequently, this study draws important energy and tourism policy implications

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN GERAKAN PEMANFAATAN PEKARANGAN SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN DAN GIZI DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH STUNTING DI DESA HAUTEAS BARAT KECAMATAN BIBOKI UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

Pemanfaatan pekarangan yang kurang optimal sebagai salah satu pemicu rendahnya ketersedian pangan di tingkat rumah tangga yang berdampak pada stunting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan kebijakan Gerakan Pemanfataan Pekarangan Sebagai Sumber Pangan Dan Gizi dalam mrngatasi masalah stunting di Desa Hauteas Barat Kecamatan Biboki Utara Kabupaten TTU. Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: penerapan kebijakan yang ideal kepada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi, arahan dan pelatihan serta motivasi belum dapat memberikan kesadaran kepada masyarakat untuk dapat mengoptimalkan potensi lahan pekarangan dengan menanam tanaman-tanaman yang mengandung  gizi. Walapun pemerintah telah menargetkan kelompok sasaran yang tepat yaitu semua masyarakat di Desa Hauteas Barat melalui kebijakan pemanfaatan pekarangan namun belum ada kesadaran masyarakat untuk dapat memanfaatan pekarangan rumah sekitar dengan baik. Dengan struktur organisasi yang baik dan standar unit kerja yang maksimal serta tupoksi yang jelas pemerintah Desa berusaha untuk mengurangi Stunting melalui kebijakan gerakan pemafaatan pekarangan. Namun masih banyak masyarakat yang belum sadar akan pentingnya gerakan pemanfaatan pekarangan, sehingga mengaharuskan pemerintah untuk terus menerus memberikan arahan dan binaan kepada masyarakat terkait pemanfaatan pekarangan sesuai dengan aturan yang ada

KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI DESA OENAEM KECAMATAN BIBOKI SELATAN KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Desa Oenaem Kecamatan Biboki Selatan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Adapun permasalahan di dalam penelitian ini yaitu belum maksimalnya pelayanan publik di Desa Oenaem Kecamatan Biboki Selatan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis tentang Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Desa Oenaem. Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas pelayanan publik di Desa Oenaem belum maksimal. Kondisi ini terlihat pada Dimensi Tangible dan Dimensi Reliabilty. Pada dimensi tangible ditemukan beberapa kekurangan yaitu kondisi kantor desa dalam proses renovasi sehingga menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dalam memberikan pelayanan publik dan belum memadainya peralatan kantor di Desa Oenaem. Dimensi Reliability pada dimensi ini terdapat beberapa indikator diantaranya kecermatan, standar pelayanan yang jelas, kemampuan, dan keahlian dari indikator tersebut ada indikator yang belum berjalan sesuai harapan masyarakat yaitu berkaitan dengan kemampuan dan keahlian aparat desa dalam mengoperasikan komputer sehingga pelayanan administrasi di desa belum maksimal

Modeling the nexus between coal consumption, FDI inflow and economic expansion: does industrialization matter in South Africa?

This study examines the role of industrialization in the energy-growth-FDI nexus for the case of South Africa using data over the period 1970 to 2018. The empirical exercise was conducted using Pesaran Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. To accomplish our study objective, we analyze stationarity properties of the series using the unit root test after which we applied Bayer-Hanck (B-H) combined technique to cointegration to assess whether a long-run relationship exists among the series. Empirical results show that a 1% change in FDI account for 0.002% and 0.013% increase in economic expansion in the short- and long- run respectively. Also, a 1% increase in coal consumption influence GDP negatively by 0.083% and 0.207% in the short- and long- run respectively. Furthermore, a 1% increase in total natural resource rent positively affects GDP by 0.02% and 0.05% respectively in the short- and long- run. Industrialization, on the other hand, demonstrates a positive and significant impact on the economic growth process both in the short and long run. Industrialization contributes 0.506% and 1.274% to economic expansion both in the short and long run respectively. The causality tests suggest that a one-way causal link running from FDI to industrialization, and from industrialization to coal consumption exists. Finally, FDI inflow drives Total Natural Resource rents in South Africa. This study also gives reliable growth and energy policy proposals to policymakers applicable to countries around the globe

Determinants of renewable energy consumption in agrarian Sub-Sahara African economies

The effect of ecological distortions and climate change issues have been at the forefront of the minds of policymakers and energy practitioners in recent decades. This concern is associated with the vision of the seventh and thirteenth Sustainable Development Goals that are centered on access to clean energy sources and mitigating climate change issues, as detailed in Vision 2030. To this end, the present study uses Pesaran’s Pooled Mean Group Auto Regressive Distributed Lag model to investigate the determinants of clean/non-conventional energy in the case of Sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical results show that a 1% increase in economic activity increases the level of renewable energy consumption by 0.128% in the short run. In the long-run, economic growth dampens the consumption of renewable energy by 0.402% over the investigated period. The reason for this peculiar result for the Sub-Saharan African economies could be attributed to the prevalent demand for conventional energy sources and the cost-related factor associated with clean energy technologies even when the economy (herein measured by Gross Domestic Product) is improving. Furthermore, the effect of energy (electricity from fossil fuel) also shows a statistically significant impact when trying to reduce the clean energy consumption. This arises from an expected trade-off effect. Regarding the causality analysis using the heterogeneous panel, the causality results present a one-way causality running from economic growth to renewable energy consumption. We also found there to be a feedback causality relationship between urbanization and renewable energy as well as agricultural value added and economic growth. Based on these findings, several policy decisions were prescribed for Sub-Saharan African economies such as the diversification of Sub-Saharan African economies energy to more renewable energy sources and the adoption of clean energy technologies that are reputed to be cleaner and environmentally friendly.© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

New insight into the causal linkage between economic expansion, FDI, coal consumption, pollutant emissions and urbanization in South Africa

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Springer in Environmental Science and Pollution Research on 13 March 2020.Available online: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-020-08145-0acceptedVersio

Examining the tourism-led growth hypothesis, agricultural-led growth hypothesis and economic growth in top agricultural producing economies

Most nations are striving to achieve sustainable economic growth. Among the diverse routes explored are tourism and agriculture. This study examines tourism-led growth hypothesis and agriculture-induced growth hypothesis in the context of the world top four agricultural producing economies in a multivariate balanced panel framework between 1995 and 2015. The findings from the bootstrap panel co-integration tests do not support a long-run relationship among the variables. Subsequently, causality test reveals a feedback relationship between international tourism receipt and economic growth. Thus, the tourism-led growth hypothesis is affirmed, while a uni-directional causality runs from agriculture to economic growth. Our findings affirm both the tourism-led and agriculture-led growth hypotheses. Hence, tourism and agriculture sectors are twin growth catalysts in the selected states, that is, both tourism and agriculture sectors have complementary effect on economic growth in the bloc investigated.No sponso

Dynamic impact of trade policy, economic growth, fertility rate, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint in Europe

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