One Man - One Desire - A Study of the Reasons of the Iranian Revolution in 1979 and its Mobilization Process

Iran, a country generally seen as abusing the laws of human rights in favour of the Islamic laws and where women is being punished if not wearing headscarves in public. However, the great opposition against this country's laws is probably not aware of the revolution in 1979 that formed the contemporary society of Iran. This study brings light to a revolution rarely mentioned nowadays. It analyzes the reasons possible for the making of the revolution and draws the conclusion that it was not because religion being put aside that made the revolution happen. With the concept of contentious politics is then the actual mobilization process analyzed to answer how such a broad mass of Iranians could support a revolution that had the rallying cry to, in a modern western view close the society and isolate it to the surrounding world. Through speeches and texts published by the front man of the revolution Ayatollah Khomeini has the mobilization been analyzed and concludes that the use of Marxist rhetoric and Islamic symbolism, especially the Shiite tradition of martyrdom attracted the people who risked their lives by protesting in the streets that eventually made the dictatorial Shah leave Iran in favour for the country's new supreme leader; Ayatollah Khomeini

High Voltage Hybrid Generator and Conversion System for Wind Turbine Applications

This paper presents the design of a high voltage hybrid generator (HG) and conversion system for wind turbine applications. The HG combines wound field (WF) and permanent magnet (PM) rotor excitations. At any given speed, the PM induces a fixed stator voltage while the WF induces a variable controlled stator voltage. The HG alternating output is rectified via a passive rectification stage, hence the machine net DC output voltage is controlled over a prescribed, but limited range. The split ratio between PM and WF rotor sections is considered as varying from a fully WF rotor, or traditional synchronous generator (SG), to some ratio of PM to WF excitation. The turbine operational characteristics and maximum wind velocity variations between turbines in a wind farm are used to define the WF to PM split ratio. Both a 3-phase and a 9-phase stator winding design are investigated. The 9-phase winding results in 4.2% higher output RMS voltage that yields a more power dense solution. It further yields lower rectified DC-link voltage ripple. The HG mass, loss audits and efficiency discussions are presented. In order to investigate the feasibility of the HG concept a small scale laboratory prototype is designed and operational test results presented that show good agreement with the simulation model results

Islamisasi Ilmu Ekonomi

. Islamisasi Ilmu Ekonomi. Islam merupakan ajaran yang mencakup seluruh bidang kehidupan. Tantangan terbesar saat ini adalah bagaimana mengekstraksi prinsip-prinsip ekonomi dalam Al-Qur'an dan hadits, kemudian menurunkannya menjadi sebuah body of knowledge sekaligus membangunnya menjadi sebuah disiplin ilmu yang secara teoritis dan praktis berbeda signifikan dengan mazhab-mazhab ilmu ekonomi konvensional yang ada. Namun muncul kritik bahwa ekonomi syariah hanya “mengekor” ekonomi konvensional semata, sehingga orisinalitas keilmuannya sering dipertanyakan. Dalam proses islamisasi ekonomi, yang telah dilakukan, yaitu melaui pengembangan alat ukur kesejahteraan dan kemiskinan yang didasarkan pada konsep syariah dengan Model CIBEST. Model CIBEST adalah upaya untuk mengembangkan pendekatan kesejahteraan kemiskinan yang didasarkan pada konsepsi bahwa alat untuk mengukur kesejahteraan dan kemiskinan tidak semata mata didasarkan pada material semata, namun juga pendekatan spiritual. Hal ini didasarkan pada konsep pemenuhan kebutuhan, dimana al-Quran dan Hadis telah menggariskan bahwa pada dasarnya kebutuhan manusia terdiri atas dua hal, yaitu kebutuhan material dan spiritual

Construction Of CIBEST Model as Measurement of Poverty and Welfare Indices From Islamic Perspective

One of the major challenges faced by most of the Islamic countries is poverty. This paper attempts to construct the concept of poverty and welfare standards based on Islamic perspective.The study tries to cover both material and spiritual dimensions. These standards are based on CIBEST Quadrant, which is divided into four quadrants: welfare quadrant (I), material poverty quadrant (II), spiritual poverty quadrant (III) and absolute poverty quadrant (IV). Determination of these quadrants is resulted from criteria and indicators of basic material needs and basic spiritual needs. By using household as unit of analysis, this study is able to developCIBEST Model comprising welfare index,  material  poverty  index,  spiritual  poverty  index,  and  absolute  poverty index. Mathematical formula and illustration of the indices are also elaborated to strengthen the concept.DOI:10.15408/aiq.v7i1.136

Fluvial Erosion Impacts on Infrastructure Along Indiana Rivers and Streams

Rivers provide for storm water drainage, municipal water usage, and recreation, and they add to the natural aesthetics of a community. As we encroach on river corridors, flooding and damage due to streambank erosion endangers our built environment. In this session we use the recently completed White Lick Creek System Assessment in Hendricks County as a case study to discuss the importance of understanding system-wide stream evolution and movement processes in evaluating and addressing impacts on infrastructures along Indiana streams

Preconditioning techniques for the coupled Stokes–Darcy problem: spectral and field-of-values analysis

We study the performance of some preconditioning techniques for a class of block three-by-three linear systems of equations arising from finite element discretizations of the coupled Stokes–Darcy flow problem. In particular, we investigate preconditioning techniques including block preconditioners, constraint preconditioners, and augmented Lagrangian-based ones. Spectral and field-of-value analyses are established for the exact versions of these preconditioners. The result of numerical experiments are reported to illustrate the performance of inexact variants of the various preconditioners used with flexible GMRES in the solution of a 3D test problem with large jumps in the permeability