COHESION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION – USED MARKOV CHAINS METHOD

This analysis is based on the estimated ??- and on Markov chains. The study deals with the economic convergence of the European countries and especially the convergence of the EU countries, including Romania. In this paper we present applications of indicators and patterns of convergence on the example of European Union member countries and some current economic impact assessments on European convergence processreal convergence, e-convergence, Markov chains

Female School Dropout: Gender Differences in Students’ School Retention

The aim of this project is to find out whether there is a gender difference in students school retention or in the dropout rates in Kosovo, because there is a prevailing perception that the female students dropout more, or that the female school retention is lower compared to male. Moreover, many international organizations and nongovernmental institutions such as GIZ, WB, UNICEF and UNDP have been and are currently involved in treating the problem of female school dropout and gender disparities in education,1 Therefore, strengthening even more the widespread belief that there are gender differences in education in Kosovo, more exactly that the female school dropout is higher than the male school dropout. Moreover, the gender education issues, such as female school dropout, are recognized, incorporated and addressed by governmental institutions such as the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology in their education strategies,2 which again reinforces the belief that there are gender differences in school retention or that the female school dropout is greater among female students than male students. This project is of high importance because according to the last censuses, female make up almost 50% of Kosovo’s population, which means they represent half of the population.3 Hence, by failing to educate half of the population, Kosovo is failing to use efficiently half of its human capacity. Moreover, many studies show that female’s education is related closely with economic and social development,4 which Kosovo in reality needs. According to these studies, it is crucial, especially for developing countries such as Kosovo, to educate females because it will increase female participation and productivity in the labour market. Consequently, the increase on productivity will be accompanied with an increase in economic growth and hence a decrease in poverty.5 Moreover, the right to education is a universal right, for all the people regardless the gender difference, which is foreseen by many international laws. Furthermore, the global community has set as Millennium Development Goal the achievement of “universal primary education”- for boys and girls alike. 6 Hence, since Kosovo is determined to be part of the international institutions, it should be proving its commitment by guaranteeing and protecting the rights that are guaranteed and respected by the international community. Therefore, since the female school dropout is still a prevalent issue than it is societies and governments responsibility to direct the policies and create the appropriate mechanisms that will ensure a reduction of female school dropout and, in general, reduction of disparities in gender differences in education. Given the above mentioned reasons regarding the importance of female education, more specifically, the female school retention, in this project will be elaborated: the literature review, the research question, the hypothesis, the data - analytical approach, the results, the conclusions and the recommendations

THE WORLD OIL MARKET – STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

For some countries the oil is the main source of income, while for others it represents the main raw material for energetic needs. Thus, the oil price has major influence on their economies and it is important for them that it stabilizes at a level profitworld oil market, comparative analysis, OPEC, G8

Are U.S. and French Cultural Differences Reflected in Advertising Appeals?

Using 2 of Hofstede\u27s cultural dimensions (power distance and uncertainty avoidance) associated by the research of Albers-Millers and Gelb with some of Pollay\u27s value appeals used in advertising, this study successfully replicated 3 of 8 dependant relationships when analyzing the content of print magazines in U.S. and France. Going beyond the scope of a highly educated audience in which Hofstede\u27s cultural dimensions were developed and retested, we indirectly found that these 2 dimensions of culture are partially salient in non-business, less elitist environments in the form of value appeals such as dear , untamed , magic , and youth reinforcing the idea that cultural differences can sometimes be empirically tested by contrasting these appeals

OIL PRICE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EUROPEAN ENERGY POLICY

The purpose of this paper is to assess the influence of oil price on European Energy Policy, taking into account the effects of the current financial crisis on both oil price and European Energy Policy. In order to reach our aim, we made use of thorough research, combined with advanced statistical methods of analysis. The main conclusions drawn from the research undertaken show a certain determination in oil market dynamics and the current economic crisis.oil price, energy policy, financial crisis

STATISTICAL STUDY CONCERNING THE URBAN TOBACCO'S CONSUM, PREMISES OF THE CONSUMERS' BEHAVIOUR CHANGES

While tobacco became more and more popular, there were always voices against it being considered immoral and harmful. However the intent of restraining his using has only made it more valuable and encouraged smuggling. Smoking is a risk factor for excitement state at young infants. Being a subject of actuality and of national interest, the authors have performed a study among the citizens of Bucharest, in order to sketch of the typical smoker profile. Smoking teenagers have to seek for medical care more often than non-smokers. As a final conclusion of this study we have to mention the fact that through a better campaign against smoking, sustained by the authorities, the number of smokers and smoking harmful effects could be significantly reduced.Tobacco, consume, survey, sampling, probability, representatively, assortment

ANALYSIS OF CONVERGENCE WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION - SIGMA AND BETA CONVERGENCE

Real convergence study began with the development of neoclassical models of growth and especially with the passage of econometric applications of these models. In this paper we present applications of indicators and patterns of convergence on the example of European Union member countries and some current economic impact assessments on European convergence process. This analysis is based on the estimated σ- and β convergence and on Markov chains. The study deals with the economic convergence of the European countries and especially the convergence of the EU countries, including Romania. In the end of the study presents several economic scenarios for a faster and easier exit from the current crisis in Romania.real convergence, σ-convergence, β-convergence, Markov chains

Hubungan Antara Pusat Kendali Eksternal Dengan Stres Akulturatif Pada Mahasiswa Asal Indonesia Timur Di Kota Semarang

Perpindahan mahasiswa dari Indonesia Timur ke kota Semarang menuntut adanya proses penyesuaian. Mahasiswa perantauan harus melakukan penyesuaian dengan tempat yang baru. Gagalnya proses penyesuaian mahasiswa menimbulkan terjadinya stres yang disebut dengan stres akulturatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara pusat kendali eksternal dengan stres akulturatif pada mahasiswa Indonesia timur di Kota Semarang.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang berasal dari Indonesia Timur dengan sampel penelitian 42 mahasiswa yang diperoleh melalui teknik sampling incidental. Alat pengumpulan data ini adalah skala yang terdiri dari Skala Pusat Kendali Eksternal dari 19 aitem valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,81 dan Skala Stres Akulturatif dari 36 aitem valid dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,91 yang telah diujicobakan kepada 58 mahasiswa Indonesia timur di kota Semarang.Hasil analisis regresi linier sederhana menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi antara pusat kendali eksternal dengan stres akulturatif adalah sebesar 0,77 dengan p = 0,000 (p<0,05). Koefisien korelasi yang bernilai positif menunjukkan bahwa arah kedua variabel adalah positif, artinya semakin tinggi pusat kendali eksternalmaka semakin tinggi stres akulturatif. Hal tersebut berlaku pula sebaliknya, semakin rendah pusat kendali eksternalmaka semakin rendah stres akulturatif.Sumbangan efektif pusat kendali eksternal dengan stres akulturatif sebesar 59%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pusat kendali eksternal mempengaruhi stres akulturatif sebesar 59% sedangkan 41% faktor-faktor lain yang juga ikut berperan mempengaruhi stres akulturatif seperti dukungan sosial, usia dan jenis kelamin

Cambiamento climatico, rischi finanziari e settore assicurativo

ope

An Upgrade of the Microzonation Study of the Centre of Tirana City

An attempt was made in this paper to present an upgrade of the seismic microzonation of a part of the Tirana City. Some results of the previous, complete study performed in the late 80-s were used in this paper. The new aspect of this study is related to the probabilistic assessment of the ground motion parameters. Using gridded seismicity methodology, the PGA and the uniform response spectrum at the base rock corresponding to the 475-years return period were estimated. Based on them, five acceleration time histories are selected, which are later used to assess the response of the geotechnical models that compose this part of Tirana City