Musicology and Mediation: an examination of the cultural materialisms of Raymond Williams and Pierre Bourdieu in relation to the fields of contemporary music and musicology, with a case study of Arvo Part and ECM

Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/2795 on 06.20.2017 by CS (TIS)This thesis examines the usefulness of the work of Pierre Bourdieu and Raymond Williams for discussions of material mediation in musicology. In part I, I focus on Bourdieu's discussions of cultural production as set out in The Rules of Art and "The Field of Cultural Production", and reconstruct the terms of Williams's late theoretical project. In establishing the terms of these projects, I draw a parallel between their attempts to materialize the categories of Marx's superstructure - noting in Williams's subsequent use of a revised Marxist production paradigm a proximity to the work of Adorno - before noting the differences imposed by the pressures and limits of their respective intellectual cultures. The tensions between these two models are therefore identified as the opportunity for dialogue between theoretical traditions. In part 2, these reflections are tested through a discussion of Arvo Pärt's music and the record label Edition of Contemporary Music (ECM). Using data from musical scores, CDs, reviews, critical essays, magazine articles, interviews, and so on, Part's emergent field position in the late 1970s and early 1980s is reconstructed and ECM's function as both institution and artistic formation is argued. These instances of musical practice remain rhetorically committed to the ideals of autonomy while spanning the opposition of autonomy and heteronomy. This ambiguity puts strain on Williams's and Bourdieu's readings of cultural production, allowing for a critical approach to this range of debate. In this sense, the method becomes part of the subject matter, and the discussions combine both theoretical and musical reflection

Design and simulation of a multi-function MEMS sensor for health and usage monitoring.

Health and usage monitoring as a technique for online test, diagnosis or prognosis of structures and systems has evolved as a key technology for future critical systems. The technology, often referred to as HUMS is usually based around sensors that must be more reliable than the system or structure they are monitoring. This paper proposes a fault tolerant sensor architecture and demonstrates the feasibility of realising this architecture through the design of a dual mode humidity/pressure MEMS sensor with an integrated temperature function. The sensor has a simple structure, good linearity and sensitivity, and the potential for implementation of built-in-self-test features. We also propose a re-configurable sensor network based on the multi-functional sensor concept that supports both normal operational and fail safe modes. The architecture has the potential to significantly increase system reliability and supports a reduction in the number of sensors required in future HUMS devices. The technique has potential in a wide range of applications, especially within wireless sensor networks

Microbic dissociation in the acid-fast bacilli with special reference to the biological characters and virulence of the bacillus of calmette and guérin (B.C.G.)

1. Evidence of microbic dissociation as shown by variation in colonial form has been found. The types found were 'rough', 'smooth', and 'intermediate'. The great majority of colonies were of the ' intermediate' -type. The 'rough' type of colony corresponded closely with that described by Petroff, but the 'smooth' type did not.2. Evidence of microbic dissociation' was also found with two other acid -fast bacilli, namely the smegma bacillus, and one of Clegg's leprosy bacilli, 'rough' and 'smooth' colonies being found.3. Experiments on guinea -pigs have not shown clean cut lines of demarcation between the 'rough' and 'intermediate' types of colony, but definite variation was found, the 'smooth' type being most virulent, the 'rough' type second in virulence, and the 'intermediate' type the least virulent. Evidence of invasion of internal organs following subcutaneous injection was found in all types.Petroff, though finding the 'R' type relatively avirulent, found evidence of tuberculosis following intra-ventricular inoculation with 'R' type, two animals dying from this cause on the 266th and 375th days, and in one animal lesions were found in the spleen following intra-testicular injection with 'R' type.Be considers that these results may have been due to 'S' type organisms still remaining in the 'R' culture, and as there are considerable difficulties in separating them completely, this may be an explanation in my own experiments.4. On inoculating guinea-pigs with a subculture of B.C.G. on Dorset's egg-medium, results showed that the culture was more virulent than the 'intermediate' type of growth. This would seem to be explained by Petroff's finding that the 'S' type of organism did not grow on glycerol-bile-potato medium, but that it grew on ordinary media.Subcultures of B.C.G., therefore, on ordinary media would tend to grow more and more virulent.5. In the time at my disposal no guinea -pigs died following subcutaneous inoculation of any of the types of organism, although many showed active lesions¡ in internal organs which might have lead to a fatal issue had time permitted. Petroff, on the other hand, did have deaths following subcutaneous inoculation of the 'S' type, but on the 103rd day, a longer period than I allowed in my experiments.Another interesting point is that of forty-two guinea-pigs five died of ill -defined intercurrent diseases and these five were among the 21 which received intra-ventricular inoculations.Death occurred on the 18th day or later, and it is possible that these deaths were due to pathological conditions produced by the inoculations although not, apparently, tuberculosis.6. The types of lesion found were aggregations of lymphocytes and large mononuclear cells, but no giant cells were found. Occasionally necrosis, and in many cases fibrosis, was present

Directional Next-Generation RNA Sequencing and Examination of Premature Termination Codon Mutations in Endoglin/Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a disease characterised by abnormal vascular structures, and most commonly caused by mutations in ENG, ACVRL1 or SMAD4 encoding endothelial cell-expressed proteins involved in TGF-β superfamily signalling. The majority of mutations reported on the HHT mutation database are predicted to lead to stop codons, either due to frameshifts or direct nonsense substitutions. The proportion is higher for ENG (67%) and SMAD4 (65%) than for ACVRL1 (42%), p < 0.0001. Here, by focussing on ENG, we report why conventional views of these mutations may need to be revised. Of the 111 stop codon-generating ENG mutations, on ExPASy translation, all except one were premature termination codons (PTCs), sited at least 50-55 bp upstream of the final exon-exon boundary of the main endoglin isoform, L-endoglin. This strongly suggests that the mutated RNA species will undergo nonsense-mediated decay. We provide new in vitro expression data to support dominant negative activity of stable truncated endoglin proteins but suggest these will not generate HHT: the single natural stop codon mutation in L-endoglin (sited within 50-55 nucleotides of the final exon-exon boundary) is unlikely to generate functional protein since it replaces the entire transmembrane domain, as would 8 further natural stop codon mutations, if the minor S-endoglin isoform were implicated in HHT pathogenesis. Finally, next-generation RNA sequencing data of 7 different RNA libraries from primary human endothelial cells demonstrate that multiple intronic regions of ENG are transcribed. The potential consequences of heterozygous deletions or duplications of such regions are discussed. These data support the haploinsufficiency model for HHT pathogenesis, explain why final exon mutations have not been detected to date in HHT, emphasise the potential need for functional examination of non-PTC-generating mutations, and lead to proposals for an alternate stratification system of mutational types for HHT genotype-phenotype correlations

Use of the viral 2A peptide for bicistronic expression in transgenic mice

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Transgenic animals are widely used in biomedical research and biotechnology. Multicistronic constructs, in which several proteins are encoded by a single messenger RNA, are commonly used in genetically engineered animals. This is currently done by using an internal ribosomal entry site to separate the different coding regions. 2A peptides result in the co-translational 'cleavage' of proteins and are an attractive alternative to the internal ribosomal entry site. They are more reliable than the internal ribosomal entry site and lead to expression of multiple cistrons at equimolar levels. They work in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells, but to date have not been demonstrated to function in transgenic mice in an inheritable manner.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To test 2A function in transgenic mice and uncover any possible toxicity of widespread expression of the 2A peptide, we made a bicistronic reporter construct containing the coding sequence for a membrane localised red fluorescent protein (Myr-TdTomato) and a nuclear localised green fluorescent protein (H2B-GFP), separated by a 2A sequence. When this reporter is transfected into HeLa cells, the two fluorescent proteins correctly localise to mutually exclusive cellular compartments, demonstrating that the bicistronic construct is a reliable readout of 2A function. The two fluorescent proteins also correctly localise when the reporter is electroporated into chick neural tube cells. We made two independent transgenic mouse lines that express the bicistronic reporter ubiquitously. For both lines, transgenic mice are born in Mendelian frequencies and are found to be healthy and fertile. Myr-TdTomato and H2B-GFP segregate to mutually exclusive cellular compartments in all tissues examined from a broad range of developmental stages, ranging from embryo to adult. One transgenic line shows X-linked inheritance of the transgene and mosaic expression in females but uniform expression in males, indicating that the transgene has integrated into the X chromosome in this line.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The 2A peptide efficiently mediates co-translational cleavage in transgenic mice in which it has been inherited through the germ-line. Mice expressing it ubiquitously throughout development and into adulthood appear normal. It is therefore a viable tool for use in genetically engineered mice and represents a superior alternative to the widely used internal ribosomal entry site.</p

WORCESTER (Reino Unido). Planos de población. 1780 (1779). 1:2400

Escalas gráficas de 1300 pies ó 433 1/3 yardas [= 16,4 cm]. Orientado con lis en rosa de ocho vientosToponimia de calles y plazasRelación de los edificios religiosos, hospitales, edificios públicos y casas de prebendados, indicados por clave alfanuméricaTabla de los distritos municipales o parroquias con su area y número de casas y habitantes existentesAmplia leyenda explicativa acerca de la situación, historia, división administrativa, industria y diputados de la ciudadNotas explicativas sobre la extension territorial de la ciudad y la batalla que tuvo lugar en sus alrededores el año de 1651, entre los ejércitos de Carlos II y Oliver CromwellTítulo enmarcado en arco conmemorativo coronado por el escudo de la ciudad, tras el cual se observa una vista de la misma y a cuyos pies se encuentran distribuídos objetos alusivos al comercio y la industriaForma parte de la Colección Mendoz

Exploring the cost-effectiveness of psychological therapies: analysis of a pilot Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for depression in the context of psychosis

Health, social, and economic burden related to schizophrenia is significant for both patients and wider society (Knapp, 2000; Chong et al., 2016). Depression is common in people with schizophrenia (Whitehead et al., 2002) and is associated with particularly high levels of health care use (Steel et al., 2015). Developing and disseminating cost-effective interventions for people with depression in the context of psychosis is therefore indicated. The ADAPT trial was a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depression after psychosis (ACTdp) for individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who also met diagnostic criteria for major depression (Gumley et al., 2015; Gumley et al., 2017). A total of 29 participants were randomised to ACTdp+ Standard Care (SC) (n=15) or SC alone (n=14). The aim of the present study was to explore outcomes relating to cost-effectiveness of ACTdp and to consider the feasibility of conducting an economic evaluation alongside a larger, definitive trial. Cost-effectiveness was explored in a cost-utility analysis (CUA) with quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as the primary outcome. QALYs were calculated from the EuroQol (EQ-5D-5L) and cost data were collected using the Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for ACTdp was £8,339 which falls below the assumed threshold of £20,000 per incremental QALY used by NICE (2012). A trend towards better outcomes and partial cost-offsets in the ACTdp group suggests that ACTdp may be a cost-effective treatment and that a larger, definitive trial to explore this further would be justified