The dynamic relationship between private domestic investment, the user cost of capital, and economic growth in Malaysia

This study attempts to examine the dynamic relationship between private domestic investment (PDI), the user cost of capital, and economic growth in Malaysia over the period of 1970 to 2009. Johansen cointegration test suggests that PDI, the user cost of capital, and economic growth are cointegrated in Malaysia. Granger causality test reveals that there is a uni-directional causality running from PDI to economic growth and also from PDI to the user cost of capital in the long run. Moreover, there is a bi-directional causal relationship between economic growth and the user cost of capital in the long run. Meanwhile, there is a strong evidence of a bi-directional causality between PDI, economic growth, and the user cost of capital in the short run. For completeness, variance decomposition is also generated and the results suggest that PDI is more important than the user cost of capital in explaining the variation of economic growth. Finally, the impulse response function confirmed that a shock in the user cost capital exerts a negative effect on PDI and economic growth in Malaysia.Causality; Cointegration; Economic growth; Private domestic investment

Biological Aspects And The Development Of Larvae And Juvenile Of The Angelwing Clam Pholas Orientalis (Gmelin, 1791)

Di dalam persekitaran semulajadi di Kuala Kedah, taburan kuantitatif Pholas orientalis telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan kuadrat bersaiz 1m2. In the natural bed of Kuala Kedah, the quantitative distribution of Pholas orientalis was estimated (from July 2006 till July 2007) using quadrate of 1m2

Growth Profile And Lipid Composition Of Locally Isolated Benthic Diatom Amphora Subacutiuscula (Schoeman, 1972) Under Different Cultivation Conditions

Diatom bentik adalah pengeluar EPA semulajadi, namun demikian jumlah EPA yang dihasilkan adalah rendah dalam persekitaran semula jadi, terutamanya penderitaan daripada pembatasan resapan cahaya. Kekurangan ini telah mendorong penyelidikan untuk memperbaiki kandungan EPA dalam biojisim yang dikultur serta mod pengkulturan heterotrofik mempersembahkan suatu peluang yang baru. Sebahagian daripada ini, komposisi kimia kasar dan komposisi asid lemak pada strain pemencilan tempatan telah ditentukan sebagai sebahagian daripada kajian ini untuk mencari satu spesies untuk digunakan sebagai makanan dalam akuakultur tropika terutamanya diet yang kuat mempengaruhi ke atas kemandirian dan komposisi biokimia kasar Artemia sp. yang sedang membesar. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada kajian setakat ini yang telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara pindahan PUFA bentik diatom dari mod yang berbeza penanaman ke atas Artemia sp.. Dalam kajian ini, diatom bentik pemencilan tempatan ini telah dikenal pasti sebagai Amphora subacutiuscula berdasarkan filigeni dan dinding sel silika klasifikasi. Benthic diatoms are the natural EPA producers but the amount is notably low under their natural environment, mainly suffer from the limitation of light diffusion. This drawback has prompted research to improve the EPA content and the heterotrophic mode of cultivation presents a new opportunity as a practical solution. The gross chemical composition and fatty acid composition of the locally isolated strain was determined to find a species as feed in tropical aquaculture, especially the diet that strongly influences survival and gross biochemical compositions of ongrown Artemia sp.. However, no studies to date have been conducted to investigate the relationship between PUFA transferred from different cultivation mode of benthic diatom to Artemia sp.. A locally isolated benthic diatom, identified as Amphora subacutiuscula based on phylogeny and silica cell wall classification was used in this study

The Linkages Between Domestic Investment, Foreign Direct Investment And Economic Growth In Asean Five Countries

This study is an empirical analysis of the linkages between domestic investment, FDI and economic growth in ASEAN-5 countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. The objectives of this study are to examine the cointegration and causal relationships between the variables. Furthermore, this study also determines the complementary or substitution effects of FDI on domestic investment in the ASEAN-5 countries. This study used the time series econometric analysis in determining the linkages between the variables for a sample period from 1970 to 2009. The theoretical model is based on the Solow‟s (1956) growth model in explaining the behaviour of ASEAN-5 economies

The effects of inward and outward FDI on domestic investment:Evidence using panel data of ASEAN-8 countries.

In view of the changing FDI landscape, in particular, a drastic increase in outward FDI from developing and transition economies in recent years, this paper attempts to explore the possible impacts of outward FDI other than domestic savings and inward foreign direct investment on domestic investment. The major contribution of this study is that it is the first effort to empirically analyse the short- and long-run effects of the outward FDI using panel data of ASEAN–8 countries, which could provide useful policy implications for governments at both regional and international levels to achieve inclusive growth and sustainable development. Using pool mean group analysis, this paper finds that the gross domestic saving, inward FDI and outward FDI have a positive long-run impact on the gross domestic investment even though their long-run estimates are inelastic. The empirical study reveals that both inward FDI and outward FDI, to some extent, are complementary to the gross domestic investment

Monitoring and Management of Childhood Asthma in Asian Countries

BACKGROUND: A recent study by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood has shown that asthma symptom prevalence is still increasing in parts of Asia. As such, it is important to know how well asthma is being managed. Practices of physicians in India, China, Sri Lanka, Australia, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines, and Taiwan in monitoring and treating childhood asthma were examined. METHODS: A 6-page standardized questionnaire was sent to physicians via post. The questionnaire is made up of 3 parts, including (1) methods of monitoring of childhood asthma, (2) practices in managing acute asthma exacerbations, and (3) choice of therapy in maintenance treatment. RESULTS: Our study reflects mostly the practices of physicians who practice in urban regions. Of respondents, 41.4% were general pediatricians, whereas 26.3% were general practitioners. A small fraction of physicians used score cards or diaries to monitor asthma, ranging from 0% (Philippines and Australia) to 15.9% (India). Only 8.1% (Sri Lanka) to 52.0% (Australia) use either a peak flow meter and/or spirometry to monitor asthma. However, for frequency of use, 35% (China) to 94% (Indonesia) never or seldom make use of a peak flow meter, and 33% (China) to 97.6% (Indonesia) never or seldom use spirometry for monitoring. Most physicians treat acute asthma appropriately with short-acting bronchodilators. For maintenance treatment, an inhaled corticosteroid was the most frequently chosen first-choice therapy. However, a significant fraction of physicians chose a long-acting β-agonist monotherapy as a first-choice treatment for asthma maintenance. For infants, the percentage ranged from 1.4% (Australia) to 76.3% (Indonesia); in preschoolers, 1.8% (Australia) to 43.3% (Indonesia); and in older children, 0% (Philippines) to 28.8% (Indonesia). These results may be related to the overall affluence of each nation. CONCLUSIONS: There is much room for improvement in increasing physicians' awareness to guidelines for more effective management of pediatric asthma in Southeast Asia, especially regarding the high use of long-acting β-agonist monotherapy, even in young children

Fatality prediction model for motorcycle accidents in Malaysia

This paper involves building a fatality predictive model for motorcycle accidents data in Malaysia. The number of registered motorcycles in Malaysia has increased four-fold compared to the last 20 years. Thus, the motorcycle accidents rate and fatality rates among riders and pillion in Malaysia has also increased dramatically. However, results show that when taken into account the numbers of fatalities per 10,000 registered motorcycles, the fatality rate shows a decreasing trend starting from 1996 onwards. The motorcycle accident data for the period of 1996 to 2010 was analyzed using Smeed’s Law and regression method. The results show that regression method approach gives better estimates of fatality rate than Smeed’s equation

Determinants for Healthy Lifestyle of Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia

Lifestyle modification is a pivotal intervention for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH). This study aims to describe the lifestyles (physical activity and healthy diet) and their associations with sociodemography, illness characteristics, psychological elements, family support and level of barrier. 100 participants were given Pro forma questionnaires to assess sociodemography and illness characteristics. The lifestyles, psychological elements, family support and level of barrier were assessed using the Theory of Planned Behaviour questionnaire. The determinants of healthy lifestyles include the status of receiving treatment, level of barrier and intention for behavioural change. The findings may inform the strategy for lifestyle modification of FH patients.Keywords: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia; lifestyle; physical activity; healthy diet.eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.233