28,449 research outputs found
Linear response theory around a localized impurity in the pseudogap regime of an anisotropic superconductor: precursor pairing vs the d-density-wave scenario
We derive the polarizability of an electron system in (i) the superconducting
phase, with d-wave symmetry, (ii) the pseudogap regime, within the precursor
pairing scenario, and (iii) the d-density-wave (dDW) state, characterized by a
d-wave hidden order parameter, but no pairing. Such a calculation is motivated
by the recent proposals that imaging the effects of an isolated impurity may
distinguish between precursor pairing and dDW order in the pseudogap regime of
the high-Tc superconductors. In all three cases, the wave-vector dependence of
the polarizability is characterized by an azymuthal modulation, consistent with
the d-wave symmetry of the underlying state. However, only the dDW result shows
the fingerprints of nesting, with nesting wave-vector Q=(pi,pi), albeit
imperfect, due to a nonzero value of the hopping ratio t'/t in the band
dispersion relation. As a consequence of nesting, the presence of hole pockets
is also exhibited by the (q,omega) dependence of the retarded polarizability.Comment: accepted in Phys. Rev.
Internal structure of preformed Cooper pairs
In order to obtain information about the internal structure of the preformed
pairs in the pseudogap state of high superconductors, we calculate the
propagator of a singlet pair with center of mass coordinate , and
relative distance , by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation,
representing the sum over repeated two-particle scattering events due to a
distance dependent attraction. We define then a ``pair structure function''
that depends on the internal distance
between the partners and on the momentum of the pair.
We calculate this function both for a local potential and wave symmetry of
the order parameter and for a separable potential and wave symmetry of the
order parameter. The influence of the center of mass momentum, strenght of the
interaction, temperature, density of particles and of the pseudogap in the
one-electron spectrum is studied for both cases.Comment: 12 pages, REVTeX4, 8 EPS figure
Internal structure of fluctuating Cooper pairs
Abstract.: In order to obtain information about the internal structure of fluctuating Cooper pairs in the pseudogap state and below the transition temperature of high Tc superconductors, we solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the two-electron propagator in order to calculate a "pair structure functionâ that depends on the internal distance between the partners and on the center of mass momentum P of the pair. We use an attractive Hubbard model with a local potential for s-wave and a separable potential for d-wave symmetry. The amplitude of gP for small Ï depends on temperature, chemical potential and interaction symmetry, but the Ï dependence itself is rather insensitive to the interaction strength. Asymptotically gP decreases as an inverse power of Ï for weak coupling, but exponentially when a pseudogap develops for stronger interaction. Some possibilities of observing the pair structure experimentally are mentione
Dairy Heifer Growth and Performance on Grass Pasture
The dairy industry in Iowa is undergoing a dramatic transformation, with many producers remodeling or building new facilities in order to expand their herd size. And during the past five years, many large herdsâin excess of 1,000 cowsâhave been established in Iowa. Many of these operations focus on the milking cows and rely on others to provide replacement of heifers. Southern Iowa has an abundance of grass pastures that could provide an economical feed source for growing replacement dairy heifers. Objectives of this project were to measure performance and determine the economics of gain of pregnant dairy heifers when grass pasture in southern Iowa was the primary feed source
Search for aluminium monoxide in the winds of oxygen-rich AGB stars
Aluminium monoxide, AlO, is likely efficiently depleted from the gas around
oxygen-rich evolved stars to form alumina clusters and dust seeds. Its presence
in the extended atmospheres of evolved stars has been derived from optical
spectroscopy. More recently, AlO gas was also detected at long wavelengths
around the supergiant VY CMa and the oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB)
star o Cet (Mira A). In search of AlO, we mined data obtained with APEX, the
IRAM 30m telescope, Herschel/HIFI, SMA, and ALMA, which were primarily aimed at
studying other molecular species. We report here on observations of AlO towards
a sample of eight oxygen-rich AGB stars in different rotational transitions, up
to seven for some stars. We present definite detections of one rotational
transition of AlO for o Cet and R Aqr, and tentative detections of one
transition for R Dor and o Cet, and two for IK Tau and W Hya. The presented
spectra of WX Psc, R Cas, and TX Cam show no signature of AlO. For o Cet, R
Aqr, and IK Tau, we find that the AlO(N=9-8) emission likely traces the inner
parts of the wind, out to only a few tens of AU, where the gas has not yet
reached its terminal velocity. The conclusive detections of AlO emission in the
case of o Cet and R Aqr confirm the presence of AlO gas in outflows of AGB
stars. The tentative detections further support this. Since most of the
observations presented in this study were obtained with stronger emission from
other species than AlO in mind, observations with higher sensitivity in
combination with high angular resolution will improve our understanding of the
presence and behaviour of AlO. From the current data sets we cannot firmly
conclude whether there is a direct correlation between the wind properties and
the detection rate of AlO emission. We hope that this study can serve as a
stimulus to perform sample studies in search of AlO in oxygen-rich outflows.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy &
Astrophysic
PO and PN in the wind of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau
Phosphorus-bearing compounds have only been studied in the circumstellar
environments (CSEs) of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star IRC +10216 and
the protoplanetary nebula CRL 2688, both C-rich objects, and the O-rich red
supergiant VY CMa. The current chemical models cannot reproduce the high
abundances of PO and PN derived from observations of VY CMa. No observations
have been reported of phosphorus in the CSEs of O-rich AGB stars. We aim to set
observational constraints on the phosphorous chemistry in the CSEs of O-rich
AGB stars, by focussing on the Mira-type variable star IK Tau. Using the IRAM
30m telescope and the Submillimeter Array (SMA), we observed four rotational
transitions of PN (J=2-1,3-2,6-5,7-6) and four of PO
(J=5/2-3/2,7/2-5/2,13/2-11/2,15/2-13/2). The IRAM 30m observations were
dedicated line observations, while the SMA data come from an unbiased spectral
survey in the frequency range 279-355 GHz.
We present the first detections of PN and PO in an O-rich AGB star and
estimate abundances X(PN/H2) of about 3x10^-7 and X(PO/H2) in the range
0.5-6.0x10^-7. This is several orders of magnitude higher than what is found
for the C-rich AGB star IRC +10216. The diameter (<=0.7") of the PN and PO
emission distributions measured in the interferometric data corresponds to a
maximum radial extent of about 40 stellar radii. The abundances and the spatial
occurrence of the molecules are in very good agreement with the results
reported for VY CMa. We did not detect PS or PH3 in the survey. We suggest that
PN and PO are the main carriers of phosphorus in the gas phase, with abundances
possibly up to several 10^-7. The current chemical models cannot account for
this, underlining the strong need for updated chemical models that include
phosphorous compounds.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages, 8
figure
Linear Response Theory Around a Localized Impurity in the Pseudogap Regime of an Anisotropic Superconductor
We compare and contrast the polarizability of a d-wave superconductor in the pseudogap regime, within the precursor pairing scenario (dPG), and of a d-density-wave (dDW) state, characterized by a d-wave hidden order parameter, but no pairing. Our study is motivated by STM imaging experiments around an isolated impurity, which may in principle distinguish between precursor pairing and dDW order in the pseudogap regime of the high- superconductors. In both cases, the -dependence of the polarizability is characterized by an azimuthal modulation, consistent with the d-wave symmetry of the underlying state. However, only the dDW result shows the fingerprints of nesting, with nesting wave vector , albeit imperfect, due to a nonzero value of the hopping ratio in the band dispersion relation. As a consequence of nesting, the presence of hole pockets is also reflected by the dependence of the retarded polarizabilit
Labor Law, Industrial Relations and Employee Choice: The State of the Workplace in the 1990s: Hearings of the Commission on the Future of Worker-Management Relations, 1993-94
Block, Beck and Kruger present detailed examples from the testimony given during the Commission on the Future of Worker-Management Relations (commonly called the Dunlop Commission) national and regional hearings. The Commission, by hearing from a wide range of stakeholders, sought to define the state of industrial relations and labor law in the U.S. during the 1990s. Because the Commission\u27s final reports were concerned with policy matters, they only briefly summarized the testimony. This volume draws deeply from the testimony, citing many examples that clearly illustrate the wide variety of relationships between workers and management today. In addition, it shows how the interpretation of labor law has changed over the decades.https://research.upjohn.org/up_press/1072/thumbnail.jp
The social, cosmopolitanism and beyond
First, this article will outline the metaphysics of âthe socialâ that implicitly and explicitly connects the work of lassical and contemporary cosmopolitan sociologists as different as Durkheim, Weber, Beck and Luhmann. In a second step, I will show that the cosmopolitan outlook of classical sociology is driven by exclusive differences. In understanding human affairs, both classical sociology and contemporary cosmopolitan sociology reflect a very modernist outlook of epistemological, conceptual, methodological and disciplinary rigour that separates the cultural sphere from the natural objects of concern. I will suggest that classical sociology â in order to be cosmopolitan â is forced (1) to exclude non-social and non-human objects as part of its conceptual and methodological rigour, and (2) consequently and methodologically to rule out the non-social and the non-human. Cosmopolitan sociology imagines âthe socialâ as a global, universal explanatory device to conceive and describe the non-social and non-human. In a third and final step the article draws upon the work of the French sociologist Gabriel Tarde and offers a possible alternative to the modernist social and cultural other-logics of social sciences. It argues for a inclusive conception of âthe socialâ that gives the non-social and non-human a cosmopolitan voice as well
Synchrotron Radiation From Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flow Simulations: Applications to Sgr A*
We calculate synchrotron radiation in three-dimensional pseudo-Newtonian
magnetohydrodynamic simulations of radiatively inefficient accretion flows. We
show that the emission is highly variable at optically thin frequencies, with
order of magnitude variability on time-scales as short as the orbital period
near the last stable orbit; this emission is linearly polarized at the 20-50 %
level due to the coherent toroidal magnetic field in the flow. At optically
thick frequencies, both the variability amplitude and polarization fraction
decrease significantly with decreasing photon frequency. We argue that these
results are broadly consistent with the observed properties of Sgr A* at the
Galactic Center, including the rapid infrared flaring.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
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