Electrical permittivity and resistivity time lapses of multiphase DNAPLs in a lab test

Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) induce variation in electromagnetic characteristics of the ground e.g. electric permittivity and resistivity. The most used indirect methods in the mapping of these physical characteristics are electrical resistivity and ground penetrating radar. To better understand the effect of DNAPL release on electrical permittivity and resistivity in a water saturated medium, we carried out a controlled laboratory experiment where the host material was simulated by glass beads and the DNAPL by HFE-7100 (hydrofluoroether). The experiment measured the electric resistivity and permittivity of each fluid, the multi-phase fluid system, and the host material, along with time-lapse electrical resistivity and GPR measurements in a controlled cell. We found that the different phases of DNAPL within a saturated medium (free, dissolved and gaseous phase) affect the physical characteristics differently. The reflection pull-up behind contaminated sediments, which is normally detected by GPR, was mainly inferred from the HFE free phase. The dissolved phase causes small variations in electric permittivity not usually readily detected by GPR measurements. Both the dissolved and free HFE phases induce variation in resistivity. The study showed that GPR and electrical resistivity differ in sensitivity to the different HFE phases, and can be complementary in the characterization of DNAPL contaminated sites

Slack organizzativo e shadow options: le opzioni reali in una prospettiva path dependent

Incertezza, complessità e dinamicità ambientali richiedono sempre maggiore flessibilità nelle decisioni strategiche d'impresa. La strategia come caos strutturato è l'organizzazione di quelle che sono le intuizioni, la creatività, in una parola, la discrezionalità del management, mediante il ricorso a logiche che consentano di modellizzare i percorsi possibili dell'impresa. Tale è il ruolo delle opzioni reali ed in particolare del Real Options Reasoning, un approccio euristico e prevalentemente qualitativo alle opzioni reali. Il presente lavoro ha come obiettivo la determinazione di un‟ euristica, o schema interpretativo, del percorso di generazione delle opzioni reali, a partire dalla constatazione che "history matters", ossia che l'opzionalità futura è parzialmente path dependent. La dipendenza dal percorso non incide solo sulla disponibilità delle risorse, ma anche sul comportamento e sulle capacità cognitive dei decisori. In particolare, si è scelto di concentrare l'attenzione sullo slack organizzativo, eccedenze di risorse non create intenzionalmente, eventualmente disponibili ad uso discrezionale del management e frutto di meccanismi path dependent. Tali risorse possono essere benefiche o inutili per l'impresa, possono essere spreco o buffer in condizioni di incertezza, sono frutto di meccanismi di inerzia organizzativa, ma possono costituire anche riserve di flessibilità. Rispetto alla funzione dello slack, ci si è chiesto quale fosse il suo ruolo nella generazione di opzioni reali - investimenti che abbiano caratteristiche option-like -. A tale domanda si è provato a rispondere proponendo una rilettura dello slack in termini di shadow options, ossia quale insieme di risorse che concorrono a formare opzioni nascoste con possibile rilevanza strategica. Le shadow options sono opzioni incomplete, che ancora non sono state riconosciute come tali dal 8 management. A partire dai meccanismi sottostanti la generazione delle opzioni shadow, si è tentato di isolare le caratteristiche di tale costrutto, cercando di fornire una spiegazione in ottica euristica degli effetti della discrezionalità manageriale, quali drivers di growth options

Strategy and Organisational Cybersecurity: A Knowledge-Problem Perspective

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to frame organisational cybersecurity through a strategic lens, as a function of an interplay of pragmatism, inference, holism and adaptation. The authors address the hostile epistemic climate for intellectual capital management presented by the dynamics of cybersecurity as a phenomenon. The drivers of this hostility are identified and their implications for research and practice are discussed. Design/methodology/approach: The philosophical foundations of cybersecurity in its relation with strategy, knowledge and intellectual capital are explored through a review of the literature as a mechanism to contribute to the emerging theoretical underpinnings of the cybersecurity domain. Findings: This conceptual paper argues that a knowledge-based perspective can serve as the necessary platform for a phenomenon-based view of organisational cybersecurity, given its multi-disciplinary nature. Research limitations/implications: By recognising the knowledge-related vectors, mechanisms and tendencies at play, a novel perspective on the topic can be developed: cybersecurity as a “knowledge problem”. In order to facilitate such a perspective, the paper proposes an emergent epistemology, rooted in systems thinking and pragmatism. Practical implications: In practice, the knowledge-problem narrative can underpin the development of new organisational support constructs and systems. These can address the distinctiveness of the strategic challenges that cybersecurity poses for the growing operational reliance on intellectual capital. Originality/value: The research narrative presents a novel knowledge-based analysis of organisational cybersecurity, with significant implications for both interdisciplinary research in the field, and practice

Are social enterprises technological innovative?:A quantitative analysis on social entrepreneurs in emerging countries

Technological innovation is the new backbone for companies. Exploiting and exploring new knowledge increase the chance of survival in the current dynamic market. Alongside, there are countries were be an innovative need to face up social and political challenges. This has transformed their economy, spreading an entrepreneurial mindset mingled with the willing to help a local community. This phenomenon is called social entrepreneurship which is leveraging new economies and building wealth, environmental system. In this vein, the present research seeks to offer qualitative research on 142 social entrepreneurs in an emerging country. The scope is to analyse if social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial characteristics, and entrepreneurial ecosystem influence innovation. As emerged, technological innovation is affected by the first two factors but the entrepreneurial ecosystem is still not supportive. New, several activities should be organised by the government to assist entrepreneurs, whereas, the entrepreneurs are socially motivated to build up his enterprise.</p

Characteristics of Social Entrepreneur: An Explorative Analysis

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Utilização de três técnicas de ozonioterapia no tratamento de ferida em região de casco e talão equino - Relato de caso / Use of three ozonetherapy techniques in the treatment of wounds in the equine hull and heel region - Case report

A ocorrência de lesões perfurocortantes consistem em uma rotina comum na clínica de equinos. Nos traumas que resultam em feridas abertas, a abordagem terapêutica resulta em tratamentos longos e por segunda intenção até a recuperação e reestabelecimento total da área e tecido afetado. A cicatrização representa um processo dinâmico que inicia imediatamente após o trauma e é composta por quatro fases, sendo elas: inflamação, desbridamento, reparação e maturação do local afetado. Um dos desafios na cicatrização de ferida na espécie equina é a formação de tecido de granulação exuberante, que pode implicar no aumento do período de tratamento, infecções recorrentes, redução da contração da ferida em função do acometimento em locais de maior movimentação e ainda a intensidade do trauma.  A fim de tentar minimizar o tempo de tratamento das feridas com cicatrização por segunda intenção, a utilização de técnicas de terapias alternativas como a ozonioterapia, auxiliam nas etapas de desbridamento, desinfecção e reparação da área afetada. Assim, este caso relato o atendimento de um equino da raça Quarto de milha com 18 anos, macho, castrado, aproximadamente 600 kg, com uma lesão em membro pélvico esquerdo em região de casco, cório perióplico, talão e ranilha, com evolução de 8 horas após o trauma. Para o controle da inflamação foi utilizado meloxicam 2% (10mg/kg) por via intramuscular (SID) durante quatro dias. A fim de potencializar o efeito de cicatrização foram utlizadas três técnicas de ozonioterapia ao longo de todo tratamento que durou 90 dias até a cicatrização total da lesão. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho é relatar o uso da ozonioterapia em uma ferida em região de casco envolvendo o cório perióplico, talão e ranilha utilizando óleo ozonizado, ozônio em Bagging e auto hemoterapia ozonizada em um equino da raça Quarto de Milha

Journal of Intellectual Capital: A Review of Emerging Themes and Future Trends

Purpose: This article aims to provide a bibliometric and systematic literature analysis of studies published in the Journal of Intellectual Capital (JIC) from 2014 to 2018 in order to highlight emerging themes and future trends. Methodology: The analysis focused on 187 papers published in the JIC over five years. A scientometric approach to data mining enabled the detection of patterns in the dataset. Precisely, the investigation was conducted by integrating a bibliometric analysis on VOSviewer with a systematic literature review. Findings: Four main streams of research have emerged in the JIC during the years of the analysis: reporting and disclosure of intellectual capital; intellectual capital research in universities, education and public sector; knowledge management; intellectual capital, financial performance, and market value. Research implications: The study offers compelling insights into the topics covered by the Journal of Intellectual Capital by identifying the main research gaps and trends along with future research avenues. Originality: Prior scholars mostly focused on systematic literature reviews, while the use of bibliometric methods generally seems to be a missing tile in the research domain. Also, none of the extant studies have focused on the Journal of Intellectual Capital regarding the 2014 to 2018 period. The use of both bibliometric and systematic approaches to literature review delivered remarkably fine-tuned results in terms of factors such as citations, contents, and evolution of clusters over time

Dataset of analyzes performed to determine the level and timing of selected organic pollutants’ inputs in sediments of the Lake of Cavazzo (Italy)

This data article presents the dataset collected for selected organic pollutants in the framework of a larger research project aimed at assessing the effects of different environmental stressors (natural and anthropogenic) in sediments of the Lake of Cavazzo, a basin of glacial origin located in a seismically active region of the Italian Eastern Alps. Information relative to sampling strategy and operations, location of sampling sites, sedimentary chronological benchmarks, and profiles of RGB (Red-Green-Blue) color code determined from high resolution photos taken at cores CAV-04 and CAV-06 are reported, together with analytical data for 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 21 polychlorinated biphenyls’ congeners (including the non-Aroclor CB-11), 14 polybrominated diphenyl ethers’ congeners, and 22 organochlorine pesticides, whose concentrations were determined by Gas Chromatography coupled both to Low-Resolution and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Interpretation of this dataset is fully discussed in the companion article by Pizzini et al. (2022) and relys on the multi-proxy analysis of sediment samples presented in Polonia et al. (2021) that highlighted lake stratigraphy and major changes occurring at a decadal scale since the 1950s

The relationship between knowledge management and leadership: mapping the field and providing future research avenues

Purpose: Effectively handling knowledge is crucial for any organisation in order to survive and prosper in the turbulent environments of the modern era. Leadership is a central element for knowledge creation, acquisition, utilisation and integration processes. Based on these considerations, this study offers an overview of the evolution of the literature regarding the knowledge management-leadership relationship published over the last twenty years. Design/methodology/approach: A bibliometric analysis coupled with a systematic literature review were performed over a dataset of 488 peer-reviewed articles published from 1990 to 2018. Findings: We discovered the existence of four well-polarised clusters with the following thematic focuses: human and relational aspects, systematic and performance aspects, contextual and contingent aspects, and cultural and learning aspects. We then investigated each thematic cluster by reviewing the most relevant contributions within them. Research limitations/implications: Based on the bibliometric analysis and the systematic literature review we developed an interpretative framework aimed at uncovering several promising and little explored research areas, thus suggesting an agenda for future knowledge management-leadership research. Some steps of the paper selection process may have been biased by the interpretation of the researcher. We addressed this concern by performing a multiple human subject reading process whose reliability was confirmed by a Krippendorf’s Alpha coefficient value > 0.80. Originality/value: To our best knowledge, this is the first study to map, systematise and discuss the literature concerned to the topic of the knowledge management-leadership relationship