Necesidad de cambios en los planes de tratamiento de los pacientes con cáncer.

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LA INJUSTIFICABLE INCLUSIÓN DE LA ESCALA DÓRICA EN LA EXPLICACIÓN DEL MODO MENOR EN ESPAÑA: UN CLARO EJEMPLO DE CONTRADICCIÓN ENTRE TEORÍA Y PRÁCTICA MUSICAL EN LAS ENSEÑANZAS BÁSICAS

Las contradicciones entre la teoría musical y la práctica reflejada en las obras de los compositores son numerosas y afectan a muchos conceptos. No son nunca deseables, pero todavía son más peligrosas si se producen en libros de texto orientados a niños en sus primeros años de formación.En este artículo se aborda una de ellas: la introducción de la escala dórica a la hora de explicar el modo menor en un contexto tonal. Aunque, tal y como se demostrará, dicha inclusión se produce solo en España y en algunos libros publicados a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo pasado, ha tenido una incidencia muy importante en toda una generación, apoyándose tanto en la gran difusión de algunos de estos manuales como en su exigencia en las pruebas de acceso a Enseñanzas Profesionales

Insatisfacción corporal y conductas concurrentes. Estudio comparativo entre mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes de población general, adolescentes y con diagnóstico de TCA.

La insatisfacción corporal en la adolescencia es uno de los factores predisponentes para el desarrollo de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA). Las bailarinas conforman un grupo de riesgo por diferentes motivos, entre otros, por la aspiración de “dominar el cuerpo” convirtiéndolo así en un instrumento de trabajo a la vez que en un medio de expresión artística. Objetivo: Analizar el grado de insatisfacción corporal y las posibles conductas concurrentes asociadas en chicas adolescentes y jóvenes: estudiantes de la población general, bailarinas y chicas con diagnóstico de TCA. Método: Se administró el Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ ) a 566 chicas estudiantes: 247 de la población general, 175 bailarinas y 143 con diagnóstico de algún TCA. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y comparativos. Resultados y conclusiones: La preocupación por la imagen corporal (IC) fue de moderada a extrema en el 19,8% - 6,1% de las estudiantes de población general y de 17,7% - 9,7% en las de danza. En las bailarinas, la preocupación e insatisfacción con la IC parece incrementarse con la edad alcanzando un grado de preocupación clínicamente significativo, sin que ello se derive de un alto IMCBody dissatisfaction in adolescence is one of the factors predisposing to the development of eating disorders (ED). The dancers are a risk group for ideal physical characteristics and aspiration of “dominating her body" turning the body into a working tool and a midst of artistic expression. Objetive: To analyze the degree of body dissatisfaction and possible conditions associated behaviors in adolescent and young girls, comparing three groups: students (general population), dancer students and girls diagnosed with ED. Methods: We administered the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ ) to 566 female students: 247 of the general population, 175 were professional dancer students and 143 with a ED diagnosis. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed. Results and conclusions: The concern for the body image was moderate to extreme in 19.8% - 6.1% of the general population students and 17.7% - 9.7% in dancers. In the dance students, concern and dissatisfaction with their own body image can be increased reaching a clinically significant degree of concern, but are not derived from a high BMI

One-year efficacy and safety of naloxegol on symptoms and quality of life related to opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer: KYONAL study

Cancer; Constipation; PainCàncer; Restrenyiment; DolorCáncer; Estreñimiento; DolorAbstract Objectives Naloxegol is a peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA) for treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC). The main objective was to analyse the long-term efficacy, quality of life (QOL) and safety of naloxegol in patients with cancer in a real-world study. Methods This one-year prospective study included patients older than 18 years, with active oncological disease who were under treatment with opioids for pain control and Karnofsky≥50 and OIC with inadequate response to treatment with laxative (s). All the patients received treatment with naloxegol according to clinical criteria. The main efficacy objectives were measured by the patient assessment of constipation QOL questionnaire (PAC-QOL), the PAC symptoms (PAC-SYM), the response rate at day 15, and months 1-3-6-12, and global QOL (EuroQoL-5D-5L). Results A total of 126 patients (58.7% males) with a mean age of 61.5 years (95% CI 59.4 to 63.7) were included. PAC-SYM and PAC-QOL total score and all their dimensions improved from baseline (p<0.0001). At 12 months, 77.8% of the patients were responders to naloxegol treatment. Global QOL was conserved from baseline. A total of 28 adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal were observed in 15.1% of the patients (19/126), being 75% (21) mild, 17.9% (5) moderate and 7.1% (2) severe. Most adverse reactions (67.9%) appeared the first 15 days of treatment. Conclusion The results of this first long-term and real-world-data study in patients with cancer, showed the sustained efficacy and safety of naloxegol for the treatment of OIC in this group of patients.This study was sponsored by Kyowa Kirin Farmacéutica S.L., Spain. The funders participated in the design of the study and the drafting of the manuscript

Intensive care in cancer patients in the age of immunotherapy and molecular therapies: SEOM-SEMICYUC’s commitment.

Cancer patients comprise a vulnerable collective exposed to numerous, serious risks, beyond the cancer itself. In recent years, these individuals’ prognosis has improved substantially thanks to several advances, such as immunotherapy, targeted molecular therapies, surgical techniques, or developments in support treatment. This coincides with the prolonged survival of oncological patients hospitalized in the ICU for critical complications. Thus, the time has come to revisit intensive care support for these patients, which poses new professional as well as organizational challenges. An agreement was therefore signed in 2017 between SEOM and SEMICYUC with the aim of improving the quality of care of cancer patients with critical complications. It seeks to aid in decision-making, standardize criteria, decrease subjectivity, generate channels of communication, and delve deeper into the ethical and scientific aspects of these situations. This document sets forth the most important reasons that have led us to undertake this initiative.pre-print653 K

Case-Control Analysis of the Impact of Anemia on Quality of Life in Patients with Cancer: A Qca Study Analysis

Anemia is a common condition in cancer patients and is associated with a wide variety of symptoms that impair quality of life (QoL). However, exactly how anemia affects QoL in cancer patients is unclear because of the inconsistencies in its definition in previous reports. We aimed to examine the clinical impact of anemia on the QoL of cancer patients using specific questionnaires. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, prospective, case-control study. We included patients with cancer with (cases) or without (controls) anemia. Participants completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Euro QoL 5-dimension 3-level (EQ–5D–3L) questionnaire. Statistically significant and clinically relevant differences in the global health status were examined. From 2015 to 2018, 365 patients were included (90 cases and 275 controls). We found minimally important differences in global health status according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire (case vs. controls: 45.6 vs. 58%, respectively; mean difference: −12.4, p < 0.001). Regarding symptoms, cancer patients with anemia had more pronounced symptoms in six out of nine scales in comparison with those without anemia. In conclusion, cancer patients with anemia had a worse QoL both clinically and statistically

Psychometric properties and factorial analysis of invariance of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in cancer patients

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), evaluate the measurement invariance with respect to sex, age, and tumor location, as well as analyze associations between life satisfaction and socio-demographic and clinical variables among individuals with resected, non-advanced cancer. Methods A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to explore the dimensionality of the scale and test invariance across gender, age, and tumor localization in a prospective, multicenter cohort of 713 patients who completed the following scales: SWLS, Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18). Results Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the SWLS is an essentially unidimensional instrument, providing accurate scores: both McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha estimates were 0.91. Strong measurement invariance was found to hold across gender, age, and tumor localization. Low satisfaction with life was associated with psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, and somatization), and decreased quality of life (malfunction, symptoms, poor global QoL). Conclusion The SWLS is a reliable, valid satisfaction with life measurement among people with cancer and should be recommended as an indicator of psychological adjustment in oncological patients

Biopsychosocial and clinical characteristics in patients with resected breast and colon cancer at the beginning and end of adjuvant treatment

Background The aim of this study was to analyze biopsychosocial factors affecting how patients cope with cancer and adjuvant treatment and to appraise psychological distress, coping, perceived social support, quality of life and SDM before and after adjuvant treatment in breast cancer patients compared to colon cancer patients. Methods NEOcoping is a national, multicenter, cross-sectional, prospective study. The sample comprised 266 patients with colon cancer and 231 with breast cancer. The instruments used were the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire-Patient (SDM-Q-9) and Physician's (SDM-Q-Doc), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ). Results Breast cancer patients reacted worse to the diagnosis of cancer with more symptoms of anxiety, depression, and somatization, and were less satisfied with their involvement than those with colon cancer (p = 0.003). Participants with colon cancer were older and had more physical symptoms and functional limitations at the beginning of adjuvant treatment, while there were scarcely any differences between the two groups at the end of adjuvancy, at which time both groups suffered greater psychological and physical effects and scored lower on coping strategies, except for anxious preoccupation. Conclusions Breast cancer patients need more information and involvement of the oncologist in shared decision-making, as well as and more medical and psychological support when beginning adjuvant treatment. Both breast and colon cancer patients may require additional psychological care at the end of adjuvancy