Wirbt Bio anders? Inhaltsanalytischer Vergleich von Printanzeigen für Bio-Lebensmittel und konventionelle Lebensmittel

Werbung für Bio-Lebensmittel verändert sich. Für Textanteile, Inhalt und Gestaltung belegen dies frühere Studien. Wie sich hierbei Bio-Werbung und Werbung für konventionelle Lebensmittel unterscheiden, zeigt dieser Beitrag. Insgesamt 579 Werbe­anzeigen aus 128 Printmagazinen, darunter 178 Anzeigen für Bio-Lebensmittel, wurden im November 2016 gesammelt und inhaltsanalytisch untersucht. Das Generieren von Glaubwürdigkeit, insbesondere mit Labels und teils mit Landschaftsbildern, ist charakterisierend für Bio-Werbung. Besonders sind auch deren sozial-ethischen Inhalte. Emotionale Botschaften, bspw. zu Lifestyle, öffnen der Bio-Werbung den Weg für neue Zielgruppen

Using Copper in Organic Viticulture: Doing it best with less?

For many years, applications of copper fungicides have been used to control downy mildew on grapes. Nowadays, its intensive use is under consideration due to ecotoxicological aspects, especially in organic viticulture. As a result, this project made allowance for consumer perception about organic viticulture and is seeking suitable alternatives. The project includes an association of six research facilities, four organic wineries, several consultant agencies for organic viticulture as well as SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) partners, which are working together in four work packages. The aim of this work is to obtain an array of products that provide sufficient control of Plasmopara viticola with the lowest possible input of copper. As a longterm intention, copper-containing products should be totally replaced by other effective agents. Progress to-date suggests that some non-copper products and several copper-based products using less than 3 kg/(ha*a) have potential to effectively control the disease with less ecological residue

Ostdeutschland im internationalen Standortvergleich

Die Regionen innerhalb eines Landes standen untereinander schon immer im Wettbewerb um Unternehmensansiedlungen. Die internationale Dimension dieses Wettbewerbs im Zuge der fortschreitenden Globalisierung hat im letzten Jahrzehnt ganz erheblich zugenommen. Das ifo Institut hat in einer Studie die Frage untersucht, ob und inwieweit der Standort Ostdeutschland für Investoren international attraktiv ist und wie sich die neuen Länder im Standortwettbewerb mit ausgewählten osteuropäischen und asiatischen Standorten positionieren. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Ostdeutschland trotz einiger Defizite ein attraktiver Investitionsstandort ist, der bei vielen für Ansiedlungen relevanten Standortfaktoren gut oder sogar sehr gut abschneidet.Standort; Standortfaktor; Standortwettbewerb; Betriebliche Standortwahl; Vergleich; Neue Bundesländer; Osteuropa; Ostasien

Ostdeutschland im internationalen Standortvergleich gut positioniert : Ergebnisse einer Unternehmensbefragung

Der inter- und intranationale Standortwettbewerb um Investoren ist in den letzten Jahren stärker geworden. Zur Identifizierung der bei einer Standortwahl zentralen Entscheidungskriterien hat das ifo Institut eine Unternehmensbefragung bei deutschen und ausländischen Muttergesellschaften durchgeführt. Die Beurteilung der Qualität ausgewählter Standorte in Ostdeutschland, Osteuropa und Ostasien erfolgte im Rahmen einer weiteren Befragung durch die vor Ort ansässigen Niederlassungen. Die Ergebnisse beider Umfragen werden in dem vorliegenden Beitrag präsentiert.Standort; Standortfaktor; Standortwettbewerb; Betriebliche Standortwahl; Vergleich; Neue Bundesländer; Osteuropa; Ostasien

A mechanistic perspective on plastically flexible coordination polymers

Mechanical flexibility in single crystals of covalently bound materials is a fascinating and poorly understood phenomenon. We present here the first example of a plastically flexible one‐dimensional (1D) coordination polymer. The compound [Zn(μ‐Cl)2(3,5‐dichloropyridine)2]n is flexible over two crystallographic faces. Remarkably, the single crystal remains intact when bent to 180°. A combination of microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopic studies have been used to probe the structural response of the crystal lattice to mechanical bending. Deformation of the covalent polymer chains does not appear to be responsible for the observed macroscopic bending. Instead, our results suggest that mechanical bending occurs by displacement of the coordination polymer chains. Based on experimental and theoretical evidence, we propose a new model for mechanical flexibility in 1D coordination polymers. Moreover, our calculations propose a cause of the different mechanical properties of this compound and a structurally similar elastic material

How chromophore labels shape the structure and dynamics of a peptide hydrogel

Biocompatible and functionalizable hydrogels have a wide range of (potential) medicinal applications. In contrast to conventional hydrogels formed by interconnected or interlocked polymer chains, self-assembled hydrogels form from small building blocks like short peptide chains. This has the advantage that the building blocks can be functionalized separately and then mixed to obtain the desired properties. However, the hydrogelation process for these systems, especially those with very low polymer weight percentage (< 1 wt%), is not well understood, and therefore it is hard to predict whether a given molecular building block will self-assemble into a hydrogel. This severely hinders the rational design of self-assembled hydrogels. In this study, we demonstrate the impact of an N-terminal chromophore label amino-benzoic acid on the self-assembly and rheology of hydrogel hFF03 (hydrogelating, fibril forming) using molecular dynamics simulations, which self-assembles into {\alpha}-helical coiled-coils. We find that the chromophore and even its specific regioisomers have a significant influence on the microscopic structure and dynamics of the self-assembled fibril, and on the macroscopic mechanical properties. This is because the chromophore influences the possible salt-bridges which form and stabilize the fibril formation. Furthermore we find that the solvation shell fibrils by itself cannot explain the viscoelasticity of hFF03 hydrogels. Our atomistic model of the hFF03 fibril formation enables a more rational design of these hydrogels. In particular, altering the N-terminal chromophore emergesas a design strategy to tune the mechanic properties of these self-assembled peptide hydrogels.Comment: 15 pages, 15 including appendi

Rationale and design of BERLIN VT study: a multicenter randomised trial comparing preventive versus deferred ablation of ventricular tachycardia

Introduction Catheter ablation ( CA) has shown to effectively reduce the burden of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). However, in patients with ICD implantation for secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia (VT), the appropriate time point of CA and its effect on mortality and heart failure progression remains a matter of debate. Methods and analysis We present the design of the ongoing preventive aBlation of vEntriculartachycaRdia in patients with myocardiaLINfarction (BERLIN VT) study that aims to prospectively enrol 208 patients with a stable ischaemic cardiomyopathy, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% to 50% and documented ventricular tachycardia. Patients will be 1: 1 randomised to undergo CA at the time of ICD implantation or CA after the third appropriate ICD shock for ventricular tachycardia. ICD implantation will be performed in all patients. The primary endpoint is defined as the time to first event comprising all-cause mortality and unplanned hospital admission for congestive heart failure or for symptomatic VT/ventricular fibrillation. The patients will be followed until study termination according to the event driven design. Completion of enrolment is expected for mid of 2019. Ethics and dissemination The study had been approved by the "Ethik-kommission der Landesarztekammer Hamburg" as well as the local institutional review boards for each of the participation sites. The results of the trial will be published in peer-reviewed journal