Sufixos avaliativos-inh/-zinh- em português: da morfologia à pragmática da ironia verbal

Em português, os sufixos diminutivos –inh– / –zinh–, ditos avaliativos, são caracterizados por uma grande variabilidade de sentidos. A presença de um item lexical com estes sufixos num enunciado pode, sob determinadas condições, veicular um sentido irónico. Para que tal ocorra, uma complexidade de conhecimentos linguísticos e contextuais devem ser partilhados pelos participantes da interação verbal. A sua descrição realiza-se, neste trabalho, através da articulação de diferentes contributos teóricos relativos às especificidades/propriedades morfológicas, semânticas e pragmáticas deste tipo de sufixação, numa abordagem multidimensional.In Portuguese, the evaluative suffixes –“inh”-/-“zinh”- are characterized by a great variety of meanings. In an utterance, under specific situations of verbal interaction, the presence of a lexical item with the -“inh”-/-“zinh”- suffixe can convey an ironic meaning. For this to occur, a complexity of linguistic and contextual skills must be shared by the verbal interaction participants. One’s goal here is to propose a description of this complexity, as a multidimensional approach, by combining different theoretical contributions on the morphological, semantic and pragmatic properties of this type of suffixation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

SUBJECT EXPRESSION IN SPOKEN VARIETIES OF PORTUGUESE

Research on spoken varieties of Portuguese allows for the observation of diverse socio-historical and cultural profiles in communities where the language is spoken, and – in the field of linguistic systems – of the occurrence of variable morphosyntactic phenomena. In this article, particular attention is given to the specific phenomenon of variable subject expression. The study is based on a theoretical framework that brings together contributions from discrete theoretical models of Linguistic Variation (Generative Grammar vs. Linguistic Typology). Taken together, the contributions of these models allow for a characterisation of the complexity of the variable expression of the subject in varieties of Portuguese. A third perspective is also added to these two: one in which linguistic variation is related not only to linguistic factors but also to social variation. Within the framework of the model proposed by variationist sociolinguistics, the article seeks to draw a comparison between varieties, to trace the possibilities for a generalisation of null subject and pronominal subject production, to argue for the visualisation of such production along a continuum, and to contribute to broadening our understanding of the linguistic phenomenon in question. The results of this comparison of fifteen published works, which were selected due to their common deployment of variationist / quantitative analysis based on corpora of Portuguese varieties, points to: i) a highly complex situation in the sphere of Portuguese when non-standard varieties are taken into account, similar to what has been observed in other romance languages such as Italian; ii) the need for a common methodological framework in order to produce a greater quantity of comparable linguistic data; and iii) the need for further theoretical reflection, given the scant attention paid to social or extralinguistic factors. A investigação sobre as variedades faladas do português permite-nos observar uma diversidade de perfis histórico-sociais, culturais das suas comunidades, como também, no plano dos sistemas linguísticos, a ocorrência de fenómenos morfossintáticos variáveis. Neste artigo, uma atenção particular será dada a um destes fenómenos: a expressão variável do sujeito. Parte-se de um enquadramento teórico que reúne contributos oriundos de modelos teóricos sobre a Variação Linguística distintos (Gramática Generativa vs Tipologia Linguística), mas cujos contributos permitem configurar o objeto de estudo – a expressão variável do sujeito em variedades do português – sua complexidade. A estes duas perspetivas associa-se uma terceira, na qual a variação linguística está correlacionada não apenas com fatores linguísticos, mas também com a variação social. Pretende-se, no quadro do modelo proposto pela sociolinguística variacionista, estabelecer uma comparação entre variedades, traçar possibilidades de generalização de produção de sujeitos nulos e de sujeitos pronominais, propondo o seu alinhamento em continua, e contribuir para o conhecimento mais alargado do fenómeno linguístico em questão. Os resultados, com base em cerca de quinze trabalhos selecionados por terem em comum o facto de recorrerem a análises variacionistas/quantitativas, a partir de corpora oral de variedades do português, apontam para (i) uma situação de significativa complexidade na esfera do português, à imagem do observado noutras línguas românicas, como o italiano, quando se têm em conta variedades não padrão, (ii) para a necessidade de um protocolo metodológico em comum, por forma a produzir maior quantidade de dados linguísticos comparáveis e (iii) a necessidade de reflexão teórica, face à pouca relevância observada de fatores sociais ou extralinguísticos.

Turismo e romance na literatura popular cor-de-rosa tendo por cenário a ilha da Madeira

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aspects de l'interface syntaxe/sémantique: le cas des verbes à /complexité/

The /complexity/ feature (Blanche-Benveniste et al. 1987) incorporates a class of French verbs known as 'symmetric' verbs (rivaliser, cohabiter), 'reciprocal' verbs (s'entraider) without, however, being restricted solely to those classes (cf. grouiller, amonceler, succéder, grouper, etc.). This feature induces a 'plural' reading of the entity formed by the verbal lexeme and the syntactic positions it creates. In this paper, we intend to put forward a new descriptive format for such verbs, using the notion of 'verbs operators' (cf. Bach et al. 1995) and based on a combination of lexical, syntactic and semantic criteria (derivational affixes, Prep-Constructions, Se- Constructions, Coordination)

Aspects de l' interface syntaxe/sémantique: le cas des verbes à /complexité

The /complexity/ feature (Blanche-Benveniste et al. 1987) incorporates a class of French verbs known as 'symmetric' verbs (rivaliser, cohabiter), 'reciprocal' verbs (s'entraider) without, however, being restricted solely to those classes (cf. grouiller, amonceler, succeder, grouper, etc). This feature induces a 'plural' reading of the entity formed by the verbal lexeme and the syntactic positions it creates. In this paper, we intend to put forward a new descriptive format for such verbs, using the notion of 'verbs operators' (cf. Bach et al. 1995) and based on a combination of lexical, syntactic and semantic criteria (derivationaI affixes, Prep-Constructions, Se-Constructions, Coordination).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aspetos da sintaxe do português popular falado no Funchal

A investigação sobre variação sintática nas variedades do português europeu falado no Funchal (ilha da Madeira) só muito recentemente tem vindo a ser desenvolvida, em grande parte graças ao Projeto Concordância, que envolve a participação de investigadores portugueses e brasileiros. No âmbito deste projeto foi criado o Corpus Concordância, com 27 entrevistas sociolinguisticamente controladas e que integra o Corpus Sociolinguístico do Funchal (CSF). Este artigo, fundamentado nos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Variacionista, na importância das variáveis sociais na variação linguística, em particular, pretende contribuir para a caracterização sintática da variedade do português europeu popular falado no Funchal (ou PEP-Funchal). Os resultados de vários estudos realizados sobre fenómenos sintáticos variáveis – realização pronominal da função objeto direto, concordância verbal de terceira pessoa do plural, a construção existencial com o verbo ter, entre outros – mostram uma preferência marcada por usos não-padrão por parte de falantes madeirenses com poucos anos de escolaridade, mais ou menos estigmatizados na comunidade de fala em foco. Esta variedade possui características estruturais próprias, cuja natureza sociolinguística carrega traços identitários, configurados num português popular madeirense.Only very recently has research been developed on the syntactic variation in Spoken European Portuguese Varieties in Funchal (Madeira Island). This research is largely due to the Agreement Project (Projeto Concordância) which involves the participation of both Portuguese and Brazilian researchers. In this project, an Agreement Corpus, or Corpus Concordância, was established, with 27 sociolinguistically controlled interviews which are integrated in the, Sociolinguistic Corpus of Funchal (Corpus Sociolingístico do Funchal, or CSF). This article, based on the assumptions of Variationist Sociolinguistics, in particular the importance of social variables in linguistic variation, intends to contribute to the syntactic characterization of the Popular European Portuguese Spoken in Funchal (or PEP-Funchal). The results of several studies on variable syntactic phenomena – pronominal realization of the direct object function and the variable verbal third-person plural agreement, among others – demonstrate a marked preference for non-standard uses in Madeiran speakers with little schooling, who are more or less stigmatized in the community. This variety has its own structural characteristics, whose sociolinguistic nature carries identity features, configured in a Madeiran Popular Portuguese. Keywords: Sociolinguistic Variation; Popular European Portuguese Spoken Variety of Funchal; Syntactic Variation; Madeira Island.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aspects de l' interface syntaxe/sémantique: le cas des verbes à /complexité

The /complexity/ feature (Blanche-Benveniste et al. 1987) incorporates a class of French verbs known as 'symmetric' verbs (rivaliser, cohabiter), 'reciprocal' verbs (s'entraider) without, however, being restricted solely to those classes (cf. grouiller, amonceler, succeder, grouper, etc). This feature induces a 'plural' reading of the entity formed by the verbal lexeme and the syntactic positions it creates. In this paper, we intend to put forward a new descriptive format for such verbs, using the notion of 'verbs operators' (cf. Bach et al. 1995) and based on a combination of lexical, syntactic and semantic criteria (derivationaI affixes, Prep-Constructions, Se-Constructions, Coordination).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A categoria caso nos pronomes pessoais de terceira pessoa: “estou estudando ela” em perspectiva sociolinguística

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Tem mas não há: sorrir em Timor

The utterance “tem mas não há” (→ it exists, but one doesn’t have it), produced by a Timorese speaker, is the starting point for a reflection about humour strategies. The hypothesis hereby put forth draws on the concept related to “language play” by Wittgenstein. Just as with some other “language play”, humour can be also perceived as a human activity observant of rules, the learning/acquisition of which is possible via observation of situations that trigger a smile and laughter. Thus, the knowledge of the rules of the game depends on the awareness of multiple meanings attributed to words and, with these, to things, to reality and to the world. The knowledge of what makes one laugh is part of one’s cognitive competence necessary to participate in humour games. And that something which makes one smile seems to be all that one conceives as “being out of place”, that is disrupting the sets of beliefs – in a world governed by the sense of a shared thought. By extending our reflection to other examples, we will defend the hypothesis that fruition in humour depends on the players’ cognitive activity, their competence in the task of “re-making” the senses of the vision of the world projected as a shared object.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio