Teknoloji politikası araştırma alanının evrimsel incelenmesi : Bilimetrik bir yaklaşım

xiv, 96 sayfatablo, şekil : 29 cm. 1 CDÖZETTeknoloji politikası araştırma alanı farklı disiplinler içerisinde yer alan interdisipliner araştırma alanı olarak görülmektedir. İnterdisipliner bir çalışma alanı olarak kabul edilen teknoloji politikası alanı bilim, teknoloji ve inovasyon kavramlarından beslenmekte ve söz konusu kavramların nitelikleri ile eş değer özellikler taşımaktadır. Teknoloji politikası araştırmacıları, geçmişten günümüze teori ve uygulamaları farklı iktisadi yaklaşımlar bağlamında ele almış ve anlamaya çalışmıştır. Ön planda tutulan ekonomik öz ile birlikte teknoloji politikaları taşıdıkları sosyal, toplumsal ve kamusal nitelikleri ile aynı zamanda kamu politikası olarak da kabul edilmektedir. Bu kabul teknoloji politikası alanı ile kamu yönetimi alanı arasındaki ilişki bağını tanımlamaktadır.Kamu yönetimi alanı ile teknoloji politikası alanı arasındaki ilişki bağının ise teknoloji politikalarının kamu politikası olarak kabul edilmesine, devletin varlığına ilişkin olarak ortaya çıkan görev ve sorumluluklarına ve bilim, teknoloji ve inovasyon kavramlarının taşıdığı kamusal öze ilişkin olduğu düşünülmektedir.ABSTRACTThe field of technology policy research is perceived as an interdisciplinary field of study which supports the concepts of science, technology, and innovation research within different disciplines. Technology policy researchers have tried to understand and concede the theories and practices in the context of different economic approaches. In conjunction with the economic essence, technology policies are also regarded as public policies with their social, societal, and public features. This assumption defines the relationship link between the field of technology policy and the field of public administration. The relationship between the field of public administration and the field of technology policy is thought to be related to the acceptance of technology policies as public policy and administrative responsibilities where the concerning of existence of the state and the public principles of the science, technology, and innovation policies arises.It is known that the technology-based practices, which are widespread by the digitalization process that is undergone today along with the public foundations thought to exist, position the technology policy area as the pre-eminence public policies. This study aims to determine the place of technology policy field, which is accepted as a public policy within the field of public administration. In line with this aim, the study focuses on the evolutionary analysis of the field of technology policy research

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

In Vitro Effectiveness of Ertapenem Against Enterobacteriaceae Isolates

Members of Enterobacteriaceae family are important causative agents of several infections. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing species are serious threats to therapeutic efficacy. Ertapenem is a new carbapenem resistant to inactivation by most ESBL’s and has the advantage of single daily use. The aim of the study is to test in vitro activity of ertapenem, that is not available in Turkey, against ESBL producing and nonESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates by disk diffusion method and to compare its activity with the other carbapenems. The resistance rates of ertapenem, meropenem and imipenem were 1.65%, 1.24%, and 1.24% for ESBL producing isolates and 2.46%, 0.49%, and 0.98% for non-ESBL producing isolates, respectively. According to these results, it was determined that the in vitro activity of ertapenem was similar with other carbapenems against both ESBL producing and non-ESBL producing microorganisms (p= 0.90 and p= 0.19, respectively)

Ankara'nın simgesi : Atakule

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2013.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Sadiye Sena Dinçyürek.Dinçyürek, Sadiye Sena. HIST 200-14DİNÇYÜREK HIST 200-14/2 2012-1

Linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin resistance in vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prior to clinical use in Turkey

WOS: 000221720400016PubMed ID: 15120733The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of recently licensed quinupristin/dalfopristin and linezolid which have not yet been in clinical use in Turkey against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains isolated from various clinical specimens by using the Etest. The results showed that all MRSA strains were fully susceptible to both the new compounds. All strains were inhibited by 1 mg/l quinupristin/dalfopristin (mode MIC 0.38 mg/l) and by 3 mg/l linezolid (mode MIC 1.5 mg/l). Four strains of Enterococcus faecium showed an increase of resistance of 2-3 mg/l to quinupristin/dalfopristin (susceptible mode MIC 0.38 mg/l). With linezolid, all strains except two fell within the range 0.75-2.0 mg/l. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved

Neisseria meningitidis W135, Turkey

We describe the first case of Neisseria meningitidis W135 meningitis in Turkey. The strain was genotypically unrelated to the clone (W)ET-37, isolated from Hajj pilgrims in 2000