Medical students' knowledge of the disease, frequency of depression, anxiety, stress symptoms, and related factors in the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based questionnaire

MakaleWOS:000926968200021Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of knowledge of medical students about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to investigate the frequency of depression, anxiety, stress symptoms and related factors.Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted with 904 volunteer medical students. Data were collected with an online questionnaire, including sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale.Results: Mean age was 21.3 +/- 2.2 years, and 54% of them (n=488) were female. Fifty five percent (n=497) thought that their level of knowledge about COVID-19 was sufficient, and 94.6% (n=846) were concerned about the disruption of their education. Their knowledge level was found to be 15.09 +/- 2.43 points out of 23 points. The depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were found in 64.9%, 70.4% and 34.1% of participants, respectively. The risk of anxiety (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.94, p=0.020) and depression (OR=0.95, 95%CI=1.15, p=0.025) were higher in women. Those with a high fear of transmitting the COVID-19 infection to their relatives had higher symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. (p<0.001).Conclusion: Medical students have a good knowledge level of COVID-19. However, they experience high levels of anxiety, stress and depression symptoms; and concerned about the disruption of their education

Evaluation of nutritional status in pediatric intensive care unit patients: the results of a multicenter, prospective study in Turkey

IntroductionMalnutrition is defined as a pathological condition arising from deficient or imbalanced intake of nutritional elements. Factors such as increasing metabolic demands during the disease course in the hospitalized patients and inadequate calorie intake increase the risk of malnutrition. The aim of the present study is to evaluate nutritional status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Turkey, examine the effect of nutrition on the treatment process and draw attention to the need for regulating nutritional support of patients while continuing existing therapies.Material and MethodIn this prospective multicenter study, the data was collected over a period of one month from PICUs participating in the PICU Nutrition Study Group in Turkey. Anthropometric data of the patients, calorie intake, 90-day mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay and length of stay in intensive care unit were recorded and the relationship between these parameters was examined.ResultsOf the 614 patients included in the study, malnutrition was detected in 45.4% of the patients. Enteral feeding was initiated in 40.6% (n = 249) of the patients at day one upon admission to the intensive care unit. In the first 48 h, 86.82% (n = 533) of the patients achieved the target calorie intake, and 81.65% (n = 307) of the 376 patients remaining in the intensive care unit achieved the target calorie intake at the end of one week. The risk of mortality decreased with increasing upper mid-arm circumference and triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.871/0.894; p = 0.027/0.024). The risk of mortality was 2.723 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h (p = 0.006) and the risk was 3.829 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at the end of one week (p = 0.001). The risk of mortality decreased with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.894; p = 0.024).ConclusionTimely and appropriate nutritional support in critically ill patients favorably affects the clinical course. The results of the present study suggest that mortality rate is higher in patients who fail to achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h and day seven of admission to the intensive care unit. The risk of mortality decreases with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score

In The Second Half Of The 16th Century Palestıne In The Ottoman Admınıstratıon

Tarihi süreçte çeşitli isimlerle anılarak, Verimli Hilal ya da Arz-ı Mev'ud da denilen Filistin bölgesi, eski çağlarda ve İslami dönemde pek çok otoritenin idaresine tanık oldu. Coğrafi konumu itibariyle de yüzyıllar boyunca dikkatleri çekip, istilalara maruz kalan bölge, 1517'de Yavuz Sultan Selim döneminde Osmanlı hakimiyetine girdi. Yavuz Sultan Selim ve sonrasındaki bütün padişahlar döneminde yakından ilgilenilerek, büyük harcamalarla yatırımlar yapılan bölge, kutsallığıyla da büyük önem arz etmekte idi. Bölgeye gösterilen bu önem mühimmelerdeki hükümlere de yansıdı ki, bölgeyle ilgili her mesele büyük bir ihtimamla görüşüldü. Yüzyıllar boyunca ayakta kalarak, Filistin bölgesinde de varlık göstermiş Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun kendine özgü idari yapısını analiz ederek anlamlandırmak açışından Mühimme Defterleri, Osmanlı arşivinin kıymetli kaynaklarından biridir. Zira bu defterler, Divan toplantılarında askeri, siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal konulara ait pek çok kararı içinde barındırmaktaydı. Bu açıdan Osmanlı idari sistemi ile ilgili tarih araştırmalarında Mühimme defterlerinden oldukça fazla yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Mühimme defterlerinde yer alan Filistin'le ilgili idari, askeri, ekonomik ve toplumsal meselelerdeki hükümler incelenerek, XVI. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlı ve kutsal bölge olan Filistin arasındaki ilişkiler Osmanlı idari sistemi açısından sunulmuştur.The Palestinian Territory, also known as the Efficient Crescent or Arz-ı Mev'ud, has been witnessed to the administration of many authors in ancient times and İslamic times, with various names in history. The region, which has been attracting attention for centuries due to its geographical location and which has been exposed to invasion, entered Ottoman rule in 1517 during the reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim. Yavuz Sultan Selim and all the aftermath of the Sultans in the period, invested heavily in the region with great interest, was also of great importance with sanctity. This significance, which has been shown to the region, has also been reflected in the relevant provisions, with every issue concerning the region being considered with great care. Administrative structure, military structure and even the social issues, social solidarity the relevant provision was examined by the central goverment. In terms of analyzing and understanding the unique administrative structure of the Ottoman Empire, which has existed in the Palestinian territories for centuries, Mühimme defters are one of the valuable resources of the Ottoman archives. Because these books contained many de cisions of military, political, economic and social issues at Divan meetings. İn this respect, Mühimme defters are used extensively in historical researches related to the Ottoman administrative system. In this study, the provisions of administrative, military, economic and social issues related to Palestine in the Mühimme defters are examined XVI. ın the second half of the century, relations between the Ottoman and the holy region of Palestine were presented in terms of the Ottoman presented in terms of the Ottoman administrative system

EFFECTIVENESS OF LASER SUTURE LYSIS AFTER TRABECULECTOMY WITH EARLY-POSTOPERATIVE HIGH INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser suture lysis (LSL) in patients with early high intraocular pressure (IOP) after trabeculectomy

ELECTRO ENCAPSULATION OF RESVERATROL FOR PRESERVING ITS STABILITY

The beneficial effects of trans-resveratrol on health are widely accepted. However, when exposed to heat and UV light, thedegradation of trans-resveratrol to less active form cis-resveratrol limits its use in industrial applications. Due to this reason, it iscrucial to preserve the stability of trans-resveratrol by using carrier systems. This study aimed to encapsulate the trans-resveratrolin core/shell nanoparticles composed of eggshell membrane proteins and silk fibroin, respectively, using a coaxialelectrospraying technique to preserve its stability. The size of the nanoparticles ranged from 8.2 to 254 nm. Keeping theencapsulation yield at the maximum level (96.9%), electroencapsulation process parameters which minimize the average particlediameter (23.8 nm) were found to be A (silk fibroin concentration) = 30.7 mg/ml, B (ratio of flow rates) = 0.72, C (appliedvoltage) = 18.8 kV, and D (distance) = 12.2 cm. Encapsulation efficiency varied between 40.05 and 96.41%. Detection ofantioxidant capacity of released trans-resveratrol suggested that nanoparticles could be a suitable delivery system for sustainedrelease of trans-resveratrol with preserved thermal and UV photostability. Central composite design (CCD) and the responsesurface methodology (RSM) were successfully used to optimize the electroencapsulation process parameters for the preparationof trans-resveratrol loaded core/shell nanoparticles. It was found that these parameters seemed to be varied depending on theresponse required. Therefore, an optimum process should be investigated to obtain desired responses such as high encapsulationyield, high encapsulation efficiency, and small average particle size while preserving the thermal and UV stabilities at reasonablelevels.</p

Electroencapsulation of Trans-resveratrol in Nanoparticles Composed of Silk Fibroin and Soluble Eggshell Membrane Protein

WOS:000607984700001The beneficial effects of trans-resveratrol on health are widely accepted. However, when exposed to heat and UV light, the degradation of trans-resveratrol to less active form cis-resveratrol limits its use in industrial applications. Due to this reason, it is crucial to preserve the stability of trans-resveratrol by using carrier systems. This study aimed to encapsulate the trans-resveratrol in core/shell nanoparticles composed of eggshell membrane proteins and silk fibroin, respectively, using a coaxial electrospraying technique to preserve its stability. The size of the nanoparticles ranged from 8.2 to 254 nm. Keeping the encapsulation yield at the maximum level (96.9%), electroencapsulation process parameters which minimize the average particle diameter (23.8 nm) were found to be A (silk fibroin concentration) = 30.7 mg/ml, B (ratio of flow rates) = 0.72, C (applied voltage) = 18.8 kV, and D (distance) = 12.2 cm. Encapsulation efficiency varied between 40.05 and 96.41%. Detection of antioxidant capacity of released trans-resveratrol suggested that nanoparticles could be a suitable delivery system for sustained release of trans-resveratrol with preserved thermal and UV photostability. Central composite design (CCD) and the response surface methodology (RSM) were successfully used to optimize the electroencapsulation process parameters for the preparation of trans-resveratrol loaded core/shell nanoparticles. It was found that these parameters seemed to be varied depending on the response required. Therefore, an optimum process should be investigated to obtain desired responses such as high encapsulation yield, high encapsulation efficiency, and small average particle size while preserving the thermal and UV stabilities at reasonable levels.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [116M566]This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under grant number 116M566