Ibm Kelompok USAha Gula Aren Di Sekitar Kawasan Hutankabupaten Gowa

Nilai tambah produk pertanian sangat penting peranannya bagi penduduk di sekitar kawasan hutan, karena apabila penduduk tersebut telah memiliki pendapatan dan kesejahteraan yang layak maka secara tidak langsung akan mengurangi laju tingkat kerusakan hutan. Tanaman aren cukup banyak terdapat di Kawasan Hutan Desa Bissoloro Kecamatan Bungaya Kabupaten Gowa. Produk utama dari tanaman aren ini adalah nira yang dijadikan gula aren. Nilai tambah produk gula aren tersebut masih relatif kecil dan jangkauan pemasarannya pun masih di sekitar desa, sehingga kurang menguntungkan bagi petani pengrajin gula aren. Di sisi lain, produk gula aren juga belum dilakukan diversifikasi produk baik dari segi kemasan maupun produk lain seperti palm sugar. Target luaran dari kegiatan ipteks bagi kelompok USAha gula aren di sekitar kawasan hutan ini antara lain: (1) Meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani pembuat gula aren dalam kaitannya dengan nilai tambah produk, serta manajemen dan pemasaran; (2) Terciptanya produk gula aren yang lebih higienis dengan kemasan dan brand yang menarik; (3) Terciptanya diversifikasi produk olahan gula aren yang lebih bervariasi dan berkemasan menarik; (4) Terbentuknya penetrasi pemasaran yang lebih luas untuk diversifikasi produk gula aren yang berkemasan dan bermerek. Untuk mencapai target luaran yang diharapkan maka metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan IbM ini adalah metode penyuluhan dan pelatihan/pendampingan yang diperuntukkan terutama pada kelompok USAha gula aren.Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan IbM ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pelaksanaan Kegiatan IbM Kelompok Usaha Gula Aren di Sekitar Kawasan Hutan secara umum dapat berjalan dengan baik dan memiliki respons yang positif dari kedua mitra ini; (2) Pada dasarnya kegiatan IbM ini sangat bermanfaat terutama bagi masyarakat sekitar kawasan hutan yang masih hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan, sehingga mampu meningkatkan pendapatannya; (3) Kegiatan IbM ini secara umum telah mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani/wanita tani gula aren tentang wawasan berwirausaha, pengembangan produk gula aren (gula palem, gula cair, gula aren kemasan), serta teknik packaging dan branding yang menarik; (4) Ketertarikan dan minat petani gula aren untuk mengaplikasikan atau mengembangkan USAha diversifikasi produk gula aren masih relatif lemah karena semakin menipisnya ketersediaan bahan baku, serta minimnya ketersediaan waktu dan tenaga kerja

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Aeromonas hydrophila among patients presented with diarrhea attending two teaching hospitals in northern, Nigeria

A total of one hundred and twenty eight (128) stool samples were collected from patients attending Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, and screened for the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Out of the one hundred and twenty eight samples analyzed 4 (3.12%) were found positive for Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Antibioticsusceptibility testing of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated showed that all the 4 (100%) isolates were sensitive to Colistin and Ceftazidime, 3 (75%) to Augmentin and 2(50%) to Gentamicin and Cefuroxine. All the isolates (100%) were however resistant to Cotrimoxazole, Tetracycline, Sulphatriad, Streptomycin, Cephalothin and Ampicilin. This study confirmed that Aeromonas hydrophila as a sole enteropathogen could be responsible for diarrhea and should be considered amongst the causative agents of diarrhea. Key words: Aeromonas, diarrhoea, antibiotic, susceptibility testing, ABUTH, AKTH

APPLICATION DES MÉTHODES STATISTIQUES À L’ÉTUDE HYDROCHIMIQUE DES EAUX D’UN HYDROSYSTÈME TROPICAL : CAS DU BASSIN VERSANT DE LA RIVIÈRE ZIO (TOGO)

Zio River is the only perennial river of Lake Togo basin. It passes through many urban areas including capital Lomé which it receives discharges of all kinds and subjected to several human pressures. This study aims to characterize the physicochemical quality of water from the source to the river mouth, identify pollution sources and highlight the impact of human activities on these waters quality. For this purpose water samples were taken during four times at each site and Physicochemical analyzes were done in the laboratory according to AFNOR methods. The results of these analyzes were accompanied by statistical analysis. Principal Component Analysis identified parameters influenced by human activities or effluents and those related to mineralization process. Factor scores of sampling sites on the bidimensional plane (F1XF2) showed increasing pollution or disturbance gradient of sites from upstream to downstream. Physicochemical quality study reveals that sites located at upstream are good quality, record the highest levels of dissolved oxygen (6 to 14.6 mgO2 / L) and are suitable for any purpose contrary to downstream sites waters, degraded by human activities and record lower levels of dissolved oxygen (0.6mgO2/L). Piper diagram showed dominance of Ca-HCO3 water type with the presence of Na-HCO3 water type and a few Na-Cl water type

Prompt Photon Plus Jet Photoproduction at HERA at Next-to-Leading Order in QCD

The cross section for photoproduction of an isolated prompt photon in association with a jet is studied in Next-to-Leading Order. The kinematics are those appropriate for the DESY $ep$ collider HERA. The effects on the cross section of various experimental cuts including isolation cuts on the photon is examined. Comparisons with the ZEUS preliminary data using two parametrizations of the photon structure function is made, and good agreement is found. The data is not yet precise enough to make a distinction between various models for the photon structure function.Comment: Uses eps

Resolved Photon Processes

We review the present level of knowledge of the hadronic structure of the photon, as revealed in interactions involving quarks and gluons ``in" the photon. The concept of photon structure functions is introduced in the description of deep--inelastic $e \gamma$ scattering, and existing parametrizations of the parton densities in the photon are reviewed. We then turn to hard \gamp\ and \gaga\ collisions, where we treat the production of jets, heavy quarks, hard (direct) photons, \jpsi\ mesons, and lepton pairs. We also comment on issues that go beyond perturbation theory, including recent attempts at a comprehensive description of both hard and soft \gamp\ and \gaga\ interactions. We conclude with a list of open problems.Comment: LaTeX with equation.sty, 85 pages, 29 figures (not included). A complete PS file of the paper, including figures, can be obtained via anonymous ftp from ftp://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1995/madph-95-898.ps.

In-Network Outlier Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks

To address the problem of unsupervised outlier detection in wireless sensor networks, we develop an approach that (1) is flexible with respect to the outlier definition, (2) computes the result in-network to reduce both bandwidth and energy usage,(3) only uses single hop communication thus permitting very simple node failure detection and message reliability assurance mechanisms (e.g., carrier-sense), and (4) seamlessly accommodates dynamic updates to data. We examine performance using simulation with real sensor data streams. Our results demonstrate that our approach is accurate and imposes a reasonable communication load and level of power consumption.Comment: Extended version of a paper appearing in the Int'l Conference on Distributed Computing Systems 200

Virtual Photon Strucutre Functions and the Parton Content of the Electron

We point out that in processes involving the parton content of the photon the usual effective photon approximation should be modified. The reason is that the parton content of virtual photons is logarithmically suppressed compared to real photons. We describe this suppression using several simple, physically motivated ans\"atze. Although the parton content of the electron in general no longer factorizes into an electron flux function and a photon structure function, it can still be expressed as a single integral. Numerical examples are given for the \eplem\ collider TRISTAN as well as the $ep$ collider HERA.Comment: 16 pages and 3 figures (available from DREES@WSICPHEN as topdraw or PS files); LaTeX with equation.sty; MAD/PH/819, BU 94-0