Mathematical simulation of the near-bottom section of an ascending twisting flow

The available results of laboratory experiments on the formation of free vortices and controlling of their behavior are compared with the results of mathematical simulation of corresponding flows. This is accomplished by constructing solutions for a set of gas dynamics equations. The comparison is performed for a specific scheme of origination and functioning of free ascending twisting flows. In particular, it is shown that the experimental results confirm the proposed scheme of the origination and initial twisting of ascending vortex flows and validate the reason of their stable functioning with the help of the method intended for controlling generated vortices using vertical grids which was implemented in the experiments. The fact of origination of an ascending flow twisting and its directing is mathematically substantiated using the solution to a specific initially edge problem for a set of gas dynamics equations. A stationary flow whose parameters are close to gas-dynamic parameters of free vortices reproduced in the experiments is calculated. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

INTEGRATION OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY AND RELATED SECTORS BASED ON THE CLUSTER APPROACH

In a diversified agro-industrial complex structure of the Voronezh region there are more than 200 enterprises of food and processing industry. However, due to the growth disparity in prices for agricultural and industrial products, the collapse of a single process has been a sharp decline in the production of final products of agribusiness. In the conditions of Russia's accession to the WTO and the growth in this regard competition in the market of raw materials and finished products, problems of high relevance of search for effective strategies for the development of the food industry. The emphasis of these reforms should be a priori biased towards the crea tion of favorable conditions for the formation of optimal institutional innovation structures and prospects of development of the national agro-food system at all levels. In this regard, the formation of institutional models of integration in the agricultural sector, we regard the system approach, where the newly created integrated structure is defined as a social institution, characterized by composition, structure, objectives, functions, internal and external bounding box defined inputs and outputs. Under these conditions, there is a need to develop partnerships and coo peration between enterprises of the technological chain of the final product agribusiness, finds its expression in a variety of forms, one of which is the formation of clusters, creating the conditions for effective interaction of producers of raw materials and finished products, research and educational institutions, service infrastructure of organizations and representatives of other areas to ensure. However, the analysis showed that, across a variety of alternative strategies for the development of the food industry, the most optimal in today's economic conditions appear to integration strategies that involve the union of disparate market participants on the principles of economic integr ation, which results in a synergy by eliminating irrational mediation

Visual Affect Around the World: A Large-scale Multilingual Visual Sentiment Ontology

Every culture and language is unique. Our work expressly focuses on the uniqueness of culture and language in relation to human affect, specifically sentiment and emotion semantics, and how they manifest in social multimedia. We develop sets of sentiment- and emotion-polarized visual concepts by adapting semantic structures called adjective-noun pairs, originally introduced by Borth et al. (2013), but in a multilingual context. We propose a new language-dependent method for automatic discovery of these adjective-noun constructs. We show how this pipeline can be applied on a social multimedia platform for the creation of a large-scale multilingual visual sentiment concept ontology (MVSO). Unlike the flat structure in Borth et al. (2013), our unified ontology is organized hierarchically by multilingual clusters of visually detectable nouns and subclusters of emotionally biased versions of these nouns. In addition, we present an image-based prediction task to show how generalizable language-specific models are in a multilingual context. A new, publicly available dataset of >15.6K sentiment-biased visual concepts across 12 languages with language-specific detector banks, >7.36M images and their metadata is also released.Comment: 11 pages, to appear at ACM MM'1

Cart-O-matic project : autonomous and collaborative multi-robot localization, exploration and mapping

International audienceThe aim of the Cart-O-matic project was to design and build a multi-robot system able to autonomously map an unknown building. This work has been done in the framework of a French robotics contest called Defi CAROTTE organized by the General Delegation for Armaments (DGA) and the French National Research Agency (ANR). The scientific issues of this project deal with Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM), multi-robot collaboration and object recognition. In this paper, we will mainly focussed on the two first topics : after a general introduction, we will briefly describe the innovative simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm used during the competition. We will next explain how this algorithm can deal with multi-robots systems and 3D mapping. The next part of the paper will be dedicated to the multi-robot pathplanning and exploration strategy. The last section will illustrate the results with 2D and 3D maps, collaborative exploration strategies and example of planned trajectories

Mass Varying Neutrinos, Quintessence, and the Accelerating Expansion of the Universe

We analyze the Mass Varying Neutrino (MaVaN) scenario. We consider a minimal model of massless Dirac fermions coupled to a scalar field, mainly in the framework of finite temperature quantum field theory. We demonstrate that the mass equation we find has non-trivial solutions only for special classes of potentials, and only within certain temperature intervals. We give most of our results for the Ratra-Peebles Dark Energy (DE) potential. The thermal (temporal) evolution of the model is analyzed. Following the time arrow, the stable, metastable and unstable phases are predicted. The model predicts that the present Universe is below its critical temperature and accelerates. At the critical point the Universe undergoes a first-order phase transition from the (meta)stable oscillatory regime to the unstable rolling regime of the DE field. This conclusion agrees with the original idea of quintessence as a force making the Universe roll towards its true vacuum with zero \Lambda-term. The present MaVaN scenario is free from the coincidence problem, since both the DE density and the neutrino mass are determined by the scale M of the potential. Choosing M ~ 10^{-3} eV to match the present DE density, we can obtain the present neutrino mass in the range m ~ 10^{-2}-1 eV and consistent estimates for other parameters of the Universe.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures. V. 3: Analysis of the dynamics of the Universe and some refs. added; extended version to be published in PR

Cosmological zoo -- accelerating models with dark energy

ecent observations of type Ia supernovae indicate that the Universe is in an accelerating phase of expansion. The fundamental quest in theoretical cosmology is to identify the origin of this phenomenon. In principle there are two possibilities: 1) the presence of matter which violates the strong energy condition (a substantial form of dark energy), 2) modified Friedmann equations (Cardassian models -- a non-substantial form of dark matter). We classify all these models in terms of 2-dimensional dynamical systems of the Newtonian type. We search for generic properties of the models. It is achieved with the help of Peixoto's theorem for dynamical system on the Poincar{\'e} sphere. We find that the notion of structural stability can be useful to distinguish the generic cases of evolutional paths with acceleration. We find that, while the $\Lambda$CDM models and phantom models are typical accelerating models, the cosmological models with bouncing phase are non-generic in the space of all planar dynamical systems. We derive the universal shape of potential function which gives rise to presently accelerating models. Our results show explicitly the advantages of using a potential function (instead of the equation of state) to probe the origin of the present acceleration. We argue that simplicity and genericity are the best guide in understanding our Universe and its acceleration.Comment: RevTeX4, 23 pages, 10 figure

ОСТРАЯ ПРАВОЖЕЛУДОЧКОВАЯ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬ

From the beginning of this century, clinicians started to pay more attention to the right ventricular dysfunction. It is related to the thorough studying of pathologies, during which the right ventricular dysfunction plays the key role, such as pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disorders, and thromboembolia of the pulmonary artery. Currently, it has been proved that acute right ventricular failure makes 3-9% of all acute heart failures, the hospital lethality in these clinical situations makes from 5 to 17%. The objective of the literature review is to provide anesthesiologists and emergency physicians with information on modern approaches to diagnostics and treatment of acute right ventricular failure.The review presents data on normal anatomy and physiology of the right ventricle, morphological and functional changes when various forms of acute right ventricular failure develop. Diagnostics and comprehensive intensive care are described for the two most frequent types of acute right ventricular failure, which are reduction of right ventricular contractility and its overloading with afterload.Начало настоящего столетия характеризуется повышением интереса со стороны клиницистов к проблеме дисфункции правого желудочка. Связано это с глубоким изучением патологических состояний, в течении которых повреждения правого желудочка носят ключевую роль, таких как легочная гипертензия, врожденные пороки сердца, тромбоэмболия легочной артерии. Сегодня показано, что среди всех случаев острой сердечной недостаточности на долю острой правожелудочковой недостаточности приходится 3–9%, госпитальная летальность в этих клинических ситуациях составляет от 5 до 17%. Цель обзора литературы ‒ предоставление анестезиологам-реаниматологам сведений о современных подходах к диагностике и лечению острой недостаточности правого желудочка.В обзоре приведены данные о нормальной анатомии и физиологии правого желудочка, а также о морфологических и функциональных изменениях при развитии различных форм острой правожелудочковой недостаточности. Диагностика и комплексная интенсивная терапия рассмотрены для двух наиболее распространенных типов острой правожелудочковой недостаточности – снижения сократительной способности правого желудочка и его перегрузки постнагрузкой

Оценка риска желудочно-кишечного кровотечения у пациентов с повреждением головного мозга

The aim of the study was to develop a risk model for upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bleeding in patients with brain injury of various etiologies.Material and methods. Case histories of 33 patients were included into a retrospective descriptive study: 22 patients had severe brain injury of various etiologies, and 11 patients after elective surgery for cerebral aneurisms with uneventful postop period were taken for comparison. The patients were grouped in two arms: Group 1 included patients with obvious signs of GIT bleeding (N=11) and Group 2 had no obvious signs of bleeding (N=22). Complaints, life and medical history, comorbidities, specialists’ exams data, results of laboratory and instrumental examinations, therapeutic regimens were analyzed. Presence of disproportionate pathologic sympathetic overreaction to acute brain injury, i.e., paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), was assessed on admission and on Days 1, 3 and 5 after brain injury. Results. A model for upper GIT bleeding risk assessment was designed using logistic regression. The resulting model gains high quality rating: χ²=33,78, 3; p<0,001; OR=315. The risk of upper GIT bleeding exceeded 95% in patients having combination of 4 symptoms in their medical history (presence of PSH on Day 1 after acute brain injury; Karnofsky performance scale index 75; lack of neurovegetative stabilization in the acute period of brain injury; gastric and/or duodenal ulcer).Conclusion. Determining the risk factors thresholds enables stratification of patients by the risk for upper GIT bleeding. Modification of the identified four risk factors (presence of PSH on Day 1after acute brain injury; Karnofsky performance scale index 75; lack of neurovegetative stabilization in the acute period of brain injury; gastric and/or duodenal ulcer) will probably reduce the occurrence of upper GIT bleeding in patients with acute brane injury of various etiology.Цель исследования — построение модели риска развития желудочно-кишечного кровотечения из желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки у пациентов с повреждением головного мозга различной этиологии. Материал и методы. В ретроспективное описательное исследование включили истории болезни 33-х пациентов: 22 пациентов — с тяжелым повреждением головного мозга различной этиологии и, для сравнения, 11 пациентов — с аневризматической болезнью сосудов головного мозга с неосложненным течением послеоперационного периода после плановых нейрохирургических вмешательств. Всех пациентов разделили на 2 группы: с явными признаками кровотечения из ЖКТ (n=11) и без явных признаков кровотечения (n=22). Проанализировали жалобы, анамнез заболевания и жизни, сопутствующие заболевания, данные осмотров специалистов, результаты лабораторных и инструментальных исследований, особенности терапии. Функции вегетативной нервной системы оценивали по проявлениям пароксизмальной симпатической гиперактивности (ПСГА) при поступлении в стационар, на 1-е, 3-и и 5-е сут после повреждения ГМ. Результаты. Средствами логистической регрессии построили модель оценки риска развития явного кровотечения из верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта. Полученная модель обладает высокой оценкой качества: χ²=33,78, 3; p<0,001; OR=315. При сочетании в анамнезе 4-х признаков (повышение ПСГА в 1-е сут после повреждения головного мозга; индекс Карновского менее 75; отсутствие нейровегетативной стабилизации в остром периоде повреждения головного мозга; язвенная болезнь желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки (ДПК)) риск развития явного кровотечения из верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта превышал 95%.Заключение. Выделение пороговых значений факторов риска позволяет разделить пациентов на группы риска развития кровотечений из верхних отделов ЖКТ. Воздействие на выявленные 4 фактора риска (проявления ПСГА в 1-е сут после повреждения головного мозга; индекс Карновского менее 75; отсутствие нейровегетативной стабилизации в остром периоде повреждения головного мозга; язвенная болезнь желудка и ДПК) позволит, вероятно, снизить частоту ЖКК из верхних отделов ЖКТ у пациентов с повреждением ГМ различной этиологии.