Sonochemical Reactor Treating Drinking Water for Pigs

The article deals with the use of activated water for drinking of pigs. Moreover, is described a method sonochemical activation of water. Sonochemical activated water is devoid of own supramolecular structure and has a high solvent power similar to how a boiling water, while remaining virtually the same temperature, which was prior to treatment. It is shown that the water in a thermodynamically nonequilibrium state, in which abideth some time as a result of such treatment, and has bactericidal and bacteriostatic p roperties, which it retains long time. All this suggests that the hydration of biopolymers directly into the esophagus and stomach of animals during their drinking will give tangible effect. Given the description of the mechanisms of cavitational disintegrated of water and described in comparison reactors for water treatment. Said that a regulatory authority in Russia give permission to use sonochemical technologies and devices in the food industry. Described sonochemical reactor, designed specifically for use in drinking of pigs, which have a reduced noise level and power consumption, but with better performance

Synthesis of Cardanol-Containing Resols for Producing Phenolic Films: Protective Coatings for Wood Composites

Abstract: This paper investigates synthesis of impregnating phenol–formaldehyde resins in which up to 30 wt % formulation phenol is replaced by cardanol, a plant product. The resulting resins were used to make impregnated paper for laminating the plywood and particle boards. The synthesis and structure of cardanol-containing water-soluble resols were studied by IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR, and the reactivity of phenol cardanol formaldehyde resins at 80–150°C was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The optimal amount of cardanol in relation to phenol in the resin structure was determined. It is shown that the introduction of cardanol into the composition of phenol–formaldehyde resins reduces the impregnation time of kraft paper and improves the surface quality and elasticity of the impregnated paper, with the use of such paper making it possible to decrease the water absorption of laminated particle board materials and the emission of formaldehyde. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Obtaining and Investigation of New Materials Based on Lanthanum Manganite for Magnetic Devices

В данной работе описано исследование структуры соединений состава La1-2xBixSrxMn1-yNiyO3±δ (х=0.15, 0.25, у=0.0-0.2) и их 21 электротранспортных свойств. Образцы с ромбоэдрической структурой получены цитратно-нитратным методом. При введении ионов никеля в состав замещенных манганитов лантана наблюдается образование примесной фазы, содержание которой не превышает 3 %. Методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии определен размер частиц порошков (0.3-2.7 мкм). Впервые исследованы электротранспортные свойства образцов замещенных манганитов лантана при одновременном допировании ионами стронция и висмута в подрешетку лантана и ионами никеля в подрешетку марганца. Максимальное значение магнетосопротивления выявлено у образца La0.5Sr0.25Bi0.25Mn0.9Ni0.1O3±δ и составляет -170% при Т = 150 К.A study of a structure of compounds of the composition La1-2xBixSrxMn1-yNiyO3±δ (x=0.15, 0.25, y=0.0-0.2) and their electrotransport properties is described at the present paper. The samples with rhombohedral structure were obtained by citrate-nitrate method. An impurity phase (about 3%) appears at doping of substituted lanthanum manganite by nickel ions. Average powder particles size measured by scanning electron microscopy is 0.3-2.7 мкм. The electrotransport properties of the samples of substituted lanthanum manganites by strontium and bismuth ions into lanthanum sublattice and nickel ions into manganese sublattice were studied for the first time. Maximum value of magnetoresistance has been found of the sample La0.5Sr0.25Bi0.25Mn0.9Ni0.1O3±δ which is equal to -170% at T = 150 K

К вопросу разработки структуры службы энергоменеджмента горнорудного предприятия

У статті викладено аналіз структури об'ємів енерговитрат на залізорудних підприємствах із підземним для череня способом видобутку. Показано, що близько 90% всіх енерговитрат припадає на електричну енергію. І з кожним роком кількість енергії споживаною на технологічні цілі, як і її виробнича собівартість, збільшується. Після проведення аналізу даних гірничорудного підприємства за декілька років, авторами запропоновані методи підвищення електроенергоефективності на даних видах підприємств. Дані конкретні рекомендації для зниження енерговитрат на вітчизняних підземних залізорудних виробництвах і, перш за все, запропоновано реально оцінити наявний потенціал конкретних видів виробництва. Особлива увага приділяється врахуванню особливостей гірничорудних підприємств. У статті запропонований варіант системи енергоменеджменту, введення якої, на некатегоричну думку авторів, необхідне для комплексного вирішення проблеми підвищення електроенергоефективності вітчизняних залізорудних підприємств. Завдяки цьому з'явиться можливість об'єктивного контролю і обліку витрат ПЕР, а також постійного аналізу стану енергозабезпечення.In the article is expounded the structure analysis of power expenses volumes on iron-ore enterprises with the underground method of booty. It is rotined that on the stake of electric energy there is about 90% all power expenses. And energy consumed on technological aims and its production prime price is increased with every year. Conduct the analysis of mining enterprise data for a few years. Then authors are offer the ways of increase of efficiency of electric energy on these types of enterprises. Concrete recommendations are given for the decline of power expenses on domestic underground iron-ore productions and, foremost, it is suggested really to estimate present potential of concrete types of production. The special attention is spared the account of features of mining enterprises. Authors are formulate basic tasks and principles of energy-savings policy. Basic constituents and stages of introduction of the power management system are resulted in the article. Analysing information, authors bring a row over of economic achievements and possible barriers on the way of its introduction. The variant of the system of power management is offered in the article. Its introduction, on unemphatic opinion of authors, is needed for the complex decision of problem increasing efficiency of the use electric energy on domestic iron-ore enterprises. An objective checking and account of expenses of power resources feature will appear due to it. It is also possible it will be constantly to analyse the states of the power providing. Introduction of the modern power management system creates terms for the practical decision of the rational use of power resources problems.В статье изложен анализ структуры объёмов энергозатрат на железорудных предприятиях с подземным способом добычи. Показано, что на долю электрической энергии приходится около 90% всех энергозатрат. И с каждым годом количество энергии потребляемой на технологические цели, как и её производственная себестоимость, увеличивается. После проведения анализа данных горнорудного предприятия за несколько лет, авторами предложены пути повышения электроэнергоэффективности на данных видах предприятий. Даны конкретные рекомендации для снижения энергозатрат на отечественных подземных железорудных производствах и, прежде всего, предложено реально оценить имеющийся потенциал конкретных видов производства. Особенное внимание уделяется учёту особенностей горнорудных предприятий. В статье предложен вариант системы энергоменеджмента, введение которой, по некатегоричному мнению авторов, необходимо для комплексного решения проблемы повышения электроэнергоэффективности отечественных железорудных предприятий. Благодаря этому появится возможность объективного контроля и учёта затрат ТЭР, а также постоянного анализа состояния энергообеспечения

Application of a diagnostic algorithm for differential diagnosis in a patient with recurrent abdominal pain

Introduction Among the diseases of urgent pathology the leading place belongs to acute pancreatitis, which is second only to acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis. Moreover, a significant share is occupied by mild forms, which account for 85%. In the Clinical Recommendations for Acute pancreatitis in the section “Prevention and dispensary monitoring”, the authors recommend regular dispensary monitoring by a gastroenterologist and a surgeon. However, this nosology according to the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 03.15.2022 No 168N is not included in the dispensary observation. In this regard, patients remain without proper attention of doctors when they are discharged from hospitals, or when they refuse hospitalization after examination in the emergency room. The aim of the work – is to present the result of applying the diagnostic algorithm of differential diagnosis of diseases and detection of gastrointestinal tract pathology on the clinical example of a patient with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome. Materials and methods The analysis of medical records of a 59-year-old patient who repeatedly applied to the network of polyclinics and hospitals providing emergency specialized medical care for recurrent abdominal syndrome was carried out. Results and discussion In this clinical observation of recurrent abdominal syndrome in a patient, the biliary mask of acute pancreatitis was revealed. In outpatient conditions using the developed diagnostic algorithm, choledocholithiasis, juxtapapillary diverticulum of the duodenum and hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm were detected. The diagnosis made it possible to perform the treatment competently and lead to the patient's recovery. Thanks to the dispensary observation and additional methods of investigation according to the developed algorithm, the following were detected: juxtapapillary diverticulum of the duodenum, which may not be visualized at video esophagogastroduodenoscopy with direct optics, as well as ductal stones, which are not always visualized at transabdominal ultrasound and are detected at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography. Difficulties may arise in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases due to the variability of the clinical course and polymorphism of symptoms in this category of patients. Such a course of diseases causes difficulties at the stage of patients' admission to the emergency room of clinics, can lead to diagnostic errors that lead to incorrect treatment tactics. Conclusion The application of an algorithm based on the assessment of clinical criteria in conjunction with instrumental imaging methods and laboratory tests allowed to optimize the diagnostic process and facilitated the choice of optimal therapy and surgical tactics for the treatment of the patient with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome.Введение. Среди заболеваний ургентной патологии ведущее место принадлежит острому панкреатиту, который уступает лишь острому аппендициту и острому холециститу. Причем значительную долю занимают легкие формы, которые составляют 85 %. В Клинических рекомендациях по острому панкреатиту в разделе «Профилактика и диспансерное наблюдение» рекомендовано регулярное диспансерное наблюдение у врача-гастроэнтеролога и врача-хирурга. Однако данная нозология согласно Приказу Минздрава РФ от 15.03.2022 № 168Н в диспансерное наблюдение не включена. В связи с этим пациенты остаются без должного внимания врачей при выписке из стационаров либо при отказе от госпитализации после обследования в условиях приемного отделения. Цель работы – на клиническом примере пациентки с рецидивирующим абдоминальным болевым синдромом представить результат применения диагностического алгоритма дифференциальной диагностики заболеваний и выявления патологии желудочно-кишечного тракта. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ медицинской документации пациентки 59 лет, неоднократно обращавшейся в сеть поликлиник и стационаров, оказывающих экстренную специализированную медицинскую помощь при рецидивирующем абдоминальном синдроме. Результаты и обсуждение. В данном клиническом наблюдении рецидивирующего абдоминального синдрома у пациентки была выявлена билиарная маска острого панкреатита. В амбулаторных условиях с помощью разработанного диагностического алгоритма выявлены: холедохолитиаз, юкстапапиллярный дивертикул двенадцатиперстной кишки (ДПК) и грыжа пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы. Поставленный диагноз позволил грамотно выполнить лечение и привести к выздоровлению пациентки. Благодаря диспансерному наблюдению и дополнительным методам исследования согласно разработанному алгоритму выявлены: юкстапапиллярный дивертикул ДПК, который может не визуализироваться при видеоэзофагогастродуоденоскопии с прямой оптикой, а также протоковые камни, которые не всегда визуализируются при трансабдоминальном ультразвуковом исследовании и выявляются при эндоскопической ретроградной холангиопанкреатографии либо эндоскопической ультрасонографии. В диагностике желудочно-кишечных заболеваний могут возникать трудности, связанные с вариабельностью клинического течения и полиморфизмом симптоматики у пациентов. Такое течение заболеваний обуславливает сложности на этапе поступления пациентов в приемное отделение клиник, может вызывать диагностические ошибки, которые приводят к неправильной тактике лечения. Заключение. Применение алгоритма, основанного на оценке клинических критериев, в совокупности с инструментальными методами визуализации и лабораторными тестами позволило оптимизировать процесс диагностики и способствовало выбору оптимальной терапии и хирургической тактики лечения больной с рецидивирующим абдоминальным болевым синдромом

Efficiency of application of innovative technologies in the organization of practical training

The article discusses the effectiveness of creating a network site as a mechanism to ensure the quality of training, allowing to introduce innovative and practical activities in the educational process, developing the scientific potential of educational institutions, both in secondary vocational education and in institutions of higher professional education.The purpose of the study is aimed at practical training both at the stage of training highly qualified specialists in secondary vocational schools (SVS) and higher education (VO), including through networking.The authors, on the basis of their practical experience, propose to consider the creation of a network site based on educational institutions as a project oriented towards obtaining professions and specialties demanded by the construction industry with the aim of introducing an inventive, creative idea into the process of theoretical and practical training, as well as successful socialization of the younger generation.When performing this work, analysis methods, design method and practice method were used.The main material of the article is the School-College-University-Enterprise network interaction model, which allows educational institutions not only to survive, but also to develop dynamically, flexibly adapting to modern changes in the labor market conditions, the requirements of scientific and technological progress and the state economy. For this purpose, regional network sites are being created on the basis of educational institutions not only for practical training, but also for holding the WorldSkills Russia regional championship. To form a network site, educational institutions should establish business cooperation with potential employer partners, with schools in the city of Penza and the Penza region. The creation of network centers in educational organizations is a social innovation and becomes one of the priorities in the field of modern education.The distance education system in the form of an electronic educational environment, introduced at the Penza State University of Architecture and Construction, enables full-time and part-time students to independently study the necessary part of the material and also remotely (in the form of tests or online dialogue) to carry out self-certification and certification for the disciplines studied . Graduates with a secondary vocational education and enrolled in a higher education institution have an insignificant, but already practical work experience in their specialty, and a certain knowledge base. Interactive capabilities of the electronic educational environment of the university make it possible to obtain the necessary information at a convenient time and in any place (on the construction site during free time from work, etc.) and return to the training material several times. The rich experience of university professors allowed developing the necessary documentation in all areas of training, taking into account the results of scientific research and practical experience.According to the results of the research, the article presents data that allows teachers and students to carry out (during the training and work experience) and improve the graduate’s professional activities, expand the field of knowledge, and also shape the innovative potential of educational institutions. As part of the program to create a regional network site, work is underway to develop and implement mechanisms for the state order for personnel training, to expand the forms and methods that encourage students to achieve high results. In conclusion, it can be noted that network interaction allows to overcome the closeness of institutions of different levels, to carry out cooperation on the rights of partnership, to build strong and effective communication in the preparation of highly qualified specialists

Ultrastructural patterns of photoacclimation and photodamage to photosynthetic algae cell under environmental stress

In oxygenic phototrophs including unicellular algae, acclimation to and damage by diverse environmental stresses induce profound changes in the ultrastructural organization of the cell. These alterations reflect acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to unfavorable conditions (mainly reduction of the chloroplast and its membranal system) and rewiring of the photo-fixed carbon fluxes in the cell. These changes, eventually pursuing mitigation of the photooxidative damage risk, are manifested by the formation of diverse carbon-rich inclusions. Although the physiological and molecular basis of these processes are well understood, the ultrastructural manifestations of the stress responses are often fragmented and frequently controversial. This minireview attempts to generalize on the ultrastructural patterns accompanying stresses in the photosynthetic cell, involving the concerted rearrangements of its assimilatory and storage compartments. The changes characteristic of normal functioning and emergency reduction of the chloroplast thylakoids under harsh stress are also addressed. Special attention is paid to the manifestations of the engagement of photoprotection via active (energy-dependent non-photochemical quenching) and passive mechanisms (e.g. optical shielding by secondary carotenoids). We also underline the potentially important role of autophagy-like processes and provide a more integral view of ultrastructural rearrangements under stress. © 2018 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Societ

Research discussion groups as a component of the development of practical skills of students in the field of training “Construction”

The modern educational process, including theoretical and practical development of the basic educational program, provides that 40% of the basic information the student is receiving during the classes, the remaining 60% — for self-study. Research, practical and creative discussion groups in educational institutions of different levels (school, college, University) are helping talented and interested young people to develop their abilities and find their practical application. At the same time, significant assistance is provided by the use of modern teaching methods through long distance education, including systems of electronic educational and methodical complexes of disciplines and practices; systems that provide interactive communication of all subjects of the educational process, including industrial enterprises.The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficiency of research discussion groups in educational institutions of the construction areas with the aim of generating interest in the chosen occupation, the development of creative skills of the talented youth, opportunities to exercise their author’s ideas and inventive work “products" on the market of goods and services, as well as the development implementation into the educational process of schools and attract pupils to project work in view of the networking cooperation on the regional cyber platform. The role of the head of the group is to arouse the interest of students to the proposed research topics, to teach them to use computer technology not only to search for data on new technical solutions, but also to exchange information between the participants of the educational process, i.e. search for like-minded people, including from other educational institutions in different regions.Work in research groups of technical creativity in many respects facilitates process of development of occupations and specialties, gives the chance to expand and deepen area of knowledge, allows students to direct process, and for teachers to transfer part of this experience to occupations in classes to large audience, to involve all wishing to new projects.This makes it possible to obtain better knowledge, increase the level of training and high learning outcomes of students and pupils, preparing them for admission to universities by increasing motivation through a variety offorms of technology, including e-learning, on-line training. Modern working conditions make competitive those graduates who can prove their professional versatility, diversity of knowledge and interests, high adaptability to any working conditions, as well as a high potential for self-development. In the current labor market conditions, there is a demand exclusively for highly qualified specialists of vocational professions, mid-level specialists (group leader, craftsman) and senior personnel (for example, site supervisor). In such circumstances, one diploma of education is not enough for those who want to move quickly up the career ladder.Thus, at low costs for the transfer and exchange of information (knowledge and experience), we are able to provide both individual and collective way of development of research and creative abilities of students, to form persons, interested in further self-development, and as a result — the graduates, prepared for professional activity

RETROGRADE СOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY (RCG) AND ENDOSCOPIC PAPILLOSPHINCTEROGRAPHY (EPG) IN NEW SCHEME OF ENDOSURGICAL STRATEGY OF TREATMENT OF CHOLECYSTITIS ACCOMPANIED BY BILIRUBINEMIA

The article is devoted to the substantiation of strategy changes in acute cholecystitis and the bilirubinemia of obscure etiology. At the first stage the treatment was started from RCG in 120 patients and RCG with EPG in 232 patients. The results obtained were not very good, there being many organizational problems. At the second stage the laparoscopic cholecystectomy with drainage of the common bile duct (228 patients) were performed in 248 patients with acute cholecystitis and increased bilirubin from 29,54 till 167,16 millimole/l. Futhermore, the postoperative transdrainage cholangiography was made in 184 (74,2%) patients, the stones or the obstruction of bile secretion weren’t found. The classical intervention on common bile duct was required only to 4 patients, for the rest EPG was performed according to the indications. EPG was the most effective and the results were the best

Synthesis and properties of glues for densified laminated wood based on alcohol-soluble phenol-cardanol-formaldehyde resolic resins

The effect of cardanol content on molecular weight distribution and kinetics of curing of alcohol-soluble phenol-cardanol-formaldehyde resolic oligomers aimed at replacing synthetic phenol with less toxic and renewable plant-based raw materials is studied. Densified laminated wood (DLW) samples were prepared. Their operating properties were shown to be superior to those of the currently produced DLW. © 2015, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd