Contemporary management of primary parapharyngeal space tumors

The parapharyngeal space is a complex anatomical area. Primary parapharyngeal tumors are rare tumors and 80% of them are benign. A variety of tumor types can develop in this location; most common are salivary gland neoplasm and neurogenic tumors. The management of these tumors has improved greatly owing to the developments in imaging techniques, surgery, and radiotherapy. Most tumors can be removed with a low rate of complications and recurrence. The transcervical approach is the most frequently used. In some cases, minimally invasive approaches may be used alone or in combination with a limited transcervical route, allowing large tumors to be removed by reducing morbidity of expanded approaches. An adequate knowledge of the anatomy and a careful surgical plan is essential to tailor management according to the patient and the tumor. The purpose of the present review was to update current aspects of knowledge related to this more challenging area of tumor occurrence.Peer reviewe

A beginners guide to literature in the field of aeroelasticity

This document is meant primarily for students (or readers) who may not be familiar with the field of aeroelasticity. The main objective of this paper is to point the reader to some important texts and papers that have been published in the areas which embrace aeroelasticity, using which the reader may gain sufficient knowledge about the subject to make informed decisions. It is hoped that by drawing the readers attention to these salient papers the more interested readers will be able to increase their knowledge on many aspects related to aeroelasticity. This paper is not meant to be exhaustive, rather it is meant to be a preliminary exposition which will assist readers in locating/selecting other relevant references or texts. This paper does not attempt to be an expert guide nor direct the reader to publications in a specific area. What it does attempt to do is hopefully generate interest and illuminate areas related to the field of aeroelasticity which readers can explore to their desire. A modestly comprehensive list of references is included, however it must be emphasized that there are a very extensive number of papers published each year, in all related fields of aeroelasticity. Inclusion of all these would not be appropriate in a paper of this kind. Never-the-less the more interested reader will find sufficient information to utilize the given citations for locating further material.The Universit

A beginners guide to literature in the field of aeroelasticity

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:3310.760(9712) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Aeroelastic Analysis of a Composite Wingbox with Varying Root Flexibility

Presented at the 41st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference and Exhibit, Atlanta, GA, April 3-6, 2000.The research looked into the aeroelastic properties and modal response of a composite rectangular wingbox. This research attempted to assess the sensitivity of the flutter speed, divergence speed and modal response when varying the composite skin lay-up, fibre orientation, and the root flexibility of the model. All this research was conducted using the finite element code ASTROS. An attempt was made to cover as extensive a field as possible and identify interesting areas that required further examination. Interesting relations were found between the following properties: EI/GJ versus fibre orientation and various mode ratios versus root stiffness. These could be linked with the changes in flutter and divergence speed of the composite model. In certain regions of the root flexibility, the flutter and divergence speeds showed dips and peaks. These coincided with changes in modal behaviour and were verified with a visualisation tool