Comments on the paper "c-erbB-2 expression and nuclear pleomorphism in canine mammary tumors"

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Cobertura vacinal contra hepatite B entre usuários de drogas ilícitas Cobertura vacinal contra hepatite B entre usuários de drogas ilícitas Hepatitis B vaccination use and risk behaviors among users of illicit drugs

OBJETIVO: Identificar a cobertura vacinal contra a hepatite B e os comportamentos de risco entre usuários de drogas ilícidas (UDI) em Dourados-MS. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva de corte transversal realizada mediante aplicação de questionário em 49 usuários atendidos pelos centros de recuperação e programas de apoio desse Município. RESULTADOS: Identificou-se predomínio de homens jovens que utilizavam drogas não injetáveis. A história de prisão, e de hepatite na família, tatuagens, múltiplos parceiros sexuais e realização de todas as formas de relação sexual, foram os fatores de risco mais frequentes. CONCLUSÃO: Estes fatores combinados com a baixa cobertura vacinal e a falta de término do esquema confirmam a vulnerabilidade do grupo em adquirir a hepatite B.<br>OBJETIVO: Identificar la cobertura de vacunas contra la hepatitis B y los comportamientos de riesgo entre usuarios de drogas ilícidas (UDI) en Dourados-MS. MÉTODOS: Se trata de una investigación de campo, descriptiva de corte transversal realizada mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario a 49 usuarios atendidos por los centros de recuperación y programas de apoyo de ese Municipio. RESULTADOS: Se identificó predominio de hombres jóvenes que utilizaban drogas no inyectables. La historia de prisión, y de hepatitis en la familia, tatuajes, parejas sexuales múltiples y realización de todas las formas de relación sexual, fueron los factores de riesgo más frecuentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Estos factores sumados a la baja cobertura de vacunas y la falta de término del esquema confirman la vulnerabilidad del grupo para adquirir la hepatitis B.<br>OBJECTIVE: To identify hepatitis B vaccine use and risk behaviors among users of illicit drugs (IDU) in Dourados (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil). METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional field study was conducted by questionnaire with 49 users of illicit drugs who were receiving assistance through rehabilitation centers and support programs within the city. RESULTS: A predominance of young men using non-injectable drugs was identified. A history of imprisonment, hepatitis, tattooing, multiple sexual partners and participation in all forms of sexual intercourse were the most common risk factors. CONCLUSION: These factors, combined with low vaccination rates and lack of completion of the recovery and support programs, confirm the vulnerability of users of IDUs for acquiring hepatitis B

Associated factors for recommending HBV vaccination to children among Georgian health care workers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Most cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and subsequent liver diseases can be prevented with universal newborn HBV vaccination. The attitudes of health care workers about HBV vaccination and their willingness to recommend vaccine have been shown to impact HBV vaccination coverage and the prevention of vertical transmission of HBV. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the factors associated with health care worker recommendations regarding newborn HBV vaccination.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional study of prevalence and awareness of hepatitis B and hepatitis B vaccine was conducted among randomly selected physicians and nurses employed in seven hospitals in Georgia in 2006 and 2007. Self-administered questionnaires included a module on recommendations for HBV, HCV and HIV.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 1328 participants included in this analysis, 36% reported recommending against hepatitis B vaccination for children, including 33% of paediatricians. Among the 70.6% who provided a reason for not recommending HBV vaccine, the most common concern was an adverse vaccine event. Unvaccinated physicians and nurses were more likely to recommend against HBV vaccine (40.4% vs 11.4%, PR 3.54; 95% CI: 2.38, 5.29). Additionally, health care worker age was inversely correlated with recommendations for HBV vaccine with older workers less likely to recommend it.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Vaccinating health care workers against HBV may provide a dual benefit by boosting occupational safety as well as strengthening universal coverage programs for newborns.</p

Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after colorectal surgery and is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Identifying features of normal bowel recovery and the appropriateness for hospital discharge is challenging. This study explored the safety of hospital discharge before the return of bowel function.Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was undertaken across an international collaborative network. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The main outcome of interest was readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery. The impact of discharge timing according to the return of bowel function was explored using multivariable regression analysis. Other outcomes were postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery, measured using the Clavien-Dindo classification system.Results: A total of 3288 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 301 (9.2 per cent) were discharged before the return of bowel function. The median duration of hospital stay for patients discharged before and after return of bowel function was 5 (i.q.r. 4-7) and 7 (6-8) days respectively (P &lt; 0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of readmission between these groups (6.6 versus 8.0 per cent; P = 0.499), and this remained the case after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences (odds ratio 0.90, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.46; P = 0.659). Rates of postoperative complications were also similar in those discharged before versus after return of bowel function (minor: 34.7 versus 39.5 per cent; major 3.3 versus 3.4 per cent; P = 0.110).Conclusion: Discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery appears to be safe in appropriately selected patients