1,752 research outputs found
Recombination coefficients for O II lines in nebular conditions
We present the results of a calculation of recombination coefficients for
O^{2+} + e^- using an intermediate coupling treatment that fully accounts for
the dependence of the distribution of population among the ground levels of
O^{2+} on electron density and temperature. The calculation is extended down to
low electron temperatures where dielectronic recombination arising from Rydberg
states converging on the O^{2+} ground levels is an important process. The
data, which consist of emission coefficients for 8889 recombination lines and
recombination coefficients for the ground and metastable states of O^+ are in
Cases A, B and C, and are organised as a function of the electron temperature
and number density, as well as wavelength. An interactive fortran 77 data
server is also provided as an accessory for mining the line emission
coefficients and obtaining Lagrange interpolated values for any choice of the
two variables between the explicitly provided values for any set of
wavelengths. Some illustrations of the application of the new data to nebular
observations are also provided.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, 6 table
Operational Entanglement Families of Symmetric Mixed N-Qubit States
We introduce an operational entanglement classification of symmetric mixed
states for an arbitrary number of qubits based on stochastic local operations
assisted with classical communication (SLOCC operations). We define families of
SLOCC entanglement classes successively embedded into each other, we prove that
they are of non-zero measure, and we construct witness operators to distinguish
them. Moreover, we discuss how arbitrary symmetric mixed states can be realized
in the lab via a one-to-one correspondence between well-defined sets of
controllable parameters and the corresponding entanglement families.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, published version, Phys. Rev. A, in pres
Impact assessment case study the floating hotel at John Brewer Reef
impact assessmentImpact assessment case study the floating hotel at John Brewer Reef
Improved orbiter waste collection system study
Design concepts for improved fecal waste collection both on the space shuttle orbiter and as a precursor for the space station are discussed. Inflight usage problems associated with the existing orbiter waste collection subsystem are considered. A basis was sought for the selection of an optimum waste collection system concept which may ultimately result in the development of an orbiter flight test article for concept verification and subsequent production of new flight hardware. Two concepts were selected for orbiter and are shown in detail. Additionally, one concept selected for application to the space station is presented
Chemical abundances for Hf 2-2, a planetary nebula with the strongest known heavy element recombination lines
We present high quality optical spectroscopic observations of the planetary
nebula (PN) Hf 2-2. The spectrum exhibits many prominent optical recombination
lines (ORLs) from heavy element ions. Analysis of the H {\sc i} and He {\sc i}
recombination spectrum yields an electron temperature of K, a factor
of ten lower than given by the collisionally excited [O {\sc iii}] forbidden
lines. The ionic abundances of heavy elements relative to hydrogen derived from
ORLs are about a factor of 70 higher than those deduced from collisionally
excited lines (CELs) from the same ions, the largest abundance discrepancy
factor (adf) ever measured for a PN. By comparing the observed O {\sc ii}
4089/4649 ORL ratio to theoretical value as a function of
electron temperature, we show that the O {\sc ii} ORLs arise from ionized
regions with an electron temperature of only K. The current
observations thus provide the strongest evidence that the nebula contains
another previously unknown component of cold, high metallicity gas, which is
too cool to excite any significant optical or UV CELs and is thus invisible via
such lines. The existence of such a plasma component in PNe provides a natural
solution to the long-standing dichotomy between nebular plasma diagnostics and
abundance determinations using CELs on the one hand and ORLs on the other.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Societ
Entanglement Equivalence of -qubit Symmetric States
We study the interconversion of multipartite symmetric -qubit states under
stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC). We demonstrate
that if two symmetric states can be connected with a nonsymmetric invertible
local operation (ILO), then they belong necessarily to the separable, W, or GHZ
entanglement class, establishing a practical method of discriminating subsets
of entanglement classes. Furthermore, we prove that there always exists a
symmetric ILO connecting any pair of symmetric -qubit states equivalent
under SLOCC, simplifying the requirements for experimental implementations of
local interconversion of those states.Comment: Minor correction
Generation of Total Angular Momentum Eigenstates in Remote Qubits
We propose a scheme enabling the universal coupling of angular momentum of
remote noninteracting qubits using linear optical tools only. Our system
consists of single-photon emitters in a -configuration that are
entangled among their long-lived ground-state qubits through suitably designed
measurements of the emitted photons. In this manner, we present an
experimentally feasible algorithm that is able to generate any of the
symmetric and nonsymmetric total angular momentum eigenstates spanning the
Hilbert space of the -qubit compound.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, improved presentation. Accepted in Physical
Review
Inter-layer Hall effect in double quantum wells subject to in-plane magnetic fields
We report on a theoretical study of the transport properties of two coupled
two-dimensional electron systems subject to in-plane magnetic fields. The
charge redistribution in double wells induced by the Lorenz force in crossed
electric and magnetic fields has been studied. We have found that the
redistribution of the charge and the related inter-layer Hall effect originate
in the chirality of diamagnetic currents and give a substantial contribution to
the conductivity.Comment: 7 RevTex pages, 4 figures, appendix added and misprint in Eq. (11)
correcte
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