Modelling of sensored speed control of BLDC motor using MATLAB/SIMULINK

Recent developments in the field of magnetic materials and power electronics, along with the availability of cheap powerful processors, have increased the adoption of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors for various applications, such as in home appliances as well as in automotive, aerospace, and medical industries. The wide adoption of this motor is due to its many advantages over other types of motors, such as high efficiency, high dynamic response, long operating life, relatively quiet operation, and higher speed ranges. This paper presents a simulation of digital sensor control of permanent magnet BLDC motor speed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A closed loop speed control was developed, and different tests were conducted to evaluate the validity of the control algorithms. Results confirm the satisfactory operation of the proposed control algorithms

Evaluating the analgesic effect of Cucurbita maxima Duch hydro-alcoholic extract in rats

Background and aims: Cucurbita maxima Duch (CMD) is used as sedative for tooth and ear pain, but its analgesic effect has not been research in experimental studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of CMD was studied using formalin model in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 60 Rats were randomly divided into 6 equal groups. Control group was injected distilled water and three experimental groups were injected CMD extracts (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). Group 5 received ibuprofen and group 6 received naloxone with the most effective dose of the extract. Extract or drugs were injected 15 minutes before formalin injection. The responses of animals to pain were recorded for 30 min. after the formalin injection. Responses of first 0-5 min. were considered as acute pain and responses of 15-30 min. as chronic pain. Results: CRM extracts reduced acute pain in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg (P<0.001). In addition, the extract decreased chronic pain in all used concentrations compared to the control group (P<0.001). Naloxone inhibited analgesic effect of the extract (P<0.05). Conclusion: CRM extracts reduce acute and chronic pains in formalin test through opioid system and it might be used as an analgesic drug

Comprehensive Study on Machinability of Titanium Composite

Abstract Metal framework composites have higher mechanical properties in examination to metals over an extensive variety of working conditions. This makes them an alluring alternative in swapping metals for different building applications. The present review is a study on the influence of composite titanium on the cutting parameters, mechanical behavior, reinforcements, structure and nanostructure. This review will provide an understanding into selecting the optimum machining parameters for machining titanium composites. It&apos;s also an attempt to give brief explanation by suitably machining the titanium composite which can be made reasonable

Bacteriological study of diabetic foot ulcer and it's relation to metabolic control in AL- Nassriah city /Iraq

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease; diabetic foot is the major complication of it, and eventually lead to development of gangrene and lower extremity amputation. Objective: To study the relative frequency of bacterial species cultured from diabetic foot infections and it's relation to the hypoglycemic treatment Patient and method: A case control study of 95 patients was included as two groups: Group 1: 45 hospitalized diabetic patients in AL-Hussein teaching hospital in AL-Nassriah city with diabetic foot lesions. Group 2 (control group): 50 diabetic patients but without diabetic foot lesions collected as outpatient from diabetic center in AL-Nassriah city. All the 95 patients were investigated with measurement of blood sugar (RBS) and HbA1C. Deep tissue biopsies were taken from the diabetic foot lesions of the 45 patients and were inoculated into freshly prepared thioglycollate broth medium. Bacterial species were identified by conventional bacteriological methods. Result: Clinical grading and bacteriological study of 45 patients with diabetic foot lesions revealed: Aerobic Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 71.2%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent (37.8%) and Streptococci group A (20 %), and Staphylococcus epidermidis was regularly associated with the lesions (13.3 %). Gram-negative rods accounted for (24.4%). Pseudomonas aerogenosa was the most predominant gram negative bacilli (11.1 % ) , Escherichia coli (8.9 % ) and Enterobacter (4.5% ) , while undetected microorganism in diabetic foot ulcer was ( 4.4 % )

SURFACE TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON THETHERMOHYDRODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF JOURNALBEARING IN HEAVY DUTY MACHINERY

 Increasing high demands for concept design requires journal bearing to work under several operating condition. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of surface temperature on the performance of journal bearing for heavy duty machines. Steady state thermohydrodynamic model (THD) for journal bearings has been developed. The generalized Reynold's equation, energy equation in the oil film, and the heat transfer equation in the bush and shaft are solved simultaneously. It was found that the shaft temperature has a great effect on the performance of the bearing.

Bacteriological study of diabetic foot ulcer and it's relation to metabolic control in AL- Nassriah city /Iraq

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease; diabetic foot is the major complication of it, and eventually lead to development of gangrene and lower extremity amputation. Objective: To study the relative frequency of bacterial species cultured from diabetic foot infections and it's relation to the hypoglycemic treatment Patient and method: A case control study of 95 patients was included as two groups: Group 1: 45 hospitalized diabetic patients in AL-Hussein teaching hospital in AL-Nassriah city with diabetic foot lesions. Group 2 (control group): 50 diabetic patients but without diabetic foot lesions collected as outpatient from diabetic center in AL-Nassriah city. All the 95 patients were investigated with measurement of blood sugar (RBS) and HbA1C. Deep tissue biopsies were taken from the diabetic foot lesions of the 45 patients and were inoculated into freshly prepared thioglycollate broth medium. Bacterial species were identified by conventional bacteriological methods. Result: Clinical grading and bacteriological study of 45 patients with diabetic foot lesions revealed: Aerobic Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 71.2%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent (37.8%) and Streptococci group A (20 %), and Staphylococcus epidermidis was regularly associated with the lesions (13.3 %). Gram-negative rods accounted for (24.4%). Pseudomonas aerogenosa was the most predominant gram negative bacilli (11.1 % ) , Escherichia coli (8.9 % ) and Enterobacter (4.5% ) , while undetected microorganism in diabetic foot ulcer was ( 4.4 % )

Biological effects of background radiation and their risk of humans

Background: Exposure rate measurements of the natural background radiation are found in some selected locations at the university of Kufa in Najaf city, Iraq. Materials and Methods: The experimental results of this study are found using a G-M survey meter [SEI Inspector EXP (Digital Radiation Detector, USA)]. Two radioactive sources (137Cs and 60Co) are used to calibrate the GM tube exposure rate meter. Results: The most frequently recorded readings of the gamma-ray dose rate were observed between 74 and 93 nGy h-1. The absorbed dose rates are found to be from 55 nGyh-1 at Science College (Chemistry Store) to 189 nGy h-1 at Science College (Classroom) (mean= 99 nGyh-1). Conclusions: Meanwhile, absorbed dose rates of background radiation are fell within the range reported in other listed regions worldwide. This finding indicates that selected locations in the present study have normal values and may not be harmful and have not biological effects on people in this region. The university of Kufa classified as an area of normal background radiation