Surgical periodontal therapy with and without initial scaling and root planing in the management of chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial

Aim To compare the outcomes of surgical periodontal therapy with and without initial scaling and root planing. Methods Twenty‐four patients with severe chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this pilot, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients were equally allocated into two treatment groups: Control group was treated with scaling and root planing, re‐evaluation, followed by Modified Widman Flap surgery and test group received similar surgery without scaling and root planing. Clinical attachment level, probing depth and bleeding on probing were recorded. Standardized radiographs were analysed for linear bone change from baseline to 6 months. Wound fluid inflammatory biomarkers were also assessed. Results Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvement in clinical attachment level and probing depth at 3 and 6 months compared to baseline. A statistically significant difference in probing depth reduction was found between the two groups at 3 and 6 months in favour of the control group. No statistically significant differences in biomarkers were detected between the groups. Conclusions Combined scaling and root planing and surgery yielded greater probing depth reduction as compared to periodontal surgery without initial scaling and root planing.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107504/1/jcpe12259.pd

Do Statin Medications Improve Periodontal Health and/or Outcomes? A Systematic Review

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141378/1/cap0194.pd

Implant Compression Necrosis: Current Understanding and Case Report

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141362/1/jper0700.pd

Proteoglycan 4: A dynamic regulator of skeletogenesis and parathyroid hormone skeletal anabolism

Proteoglycan 4 ( Prg4 ), known for its lubricating and protective actions in joints, is a strong candidate regulator of skeletal homeostasis and parathyroid hormone (PTH) anabolism. Prg4 is a PTH‐responsive gene in bone and liver. Prg4 null mutant mice were used to investigate the impact of proteoglycan 4 on skeletal development, remodeling, and PTH anabolic actions. Young Prg4 mutant and wild‐type mice were administered intermittent PTH(1–34) or vehicle daily from 4 to 21 days. Young Prg4 mutant mice had decreased growth plate hypertrophic zones, trabecular bone, and serum bone formation markers versus wild‐type mice, but responded with a similar anabolic response to PTH. Adult Prg4 mutant and wild‐type mice were administered intermittent PTH(1–34) or vehicle daily from 16 to 22 weeks. Adult Prg4 mutant mice had decreased trabecular and cortical bone, and blunted PTH‐mediated increases in bone mass. Joint range of motion and animal mobility were lower in adult Prg4 mutant versus wild‐type mice. Adult Prg4 mutant mice had decreased marrow and liver fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2) mRNA and reduced serum FGF‐2, which were normalized by PTH. A single dose of PTH decreased the PTH/PTHrP receptor (PPR), and increased Prg4 and FGF‐2 to a similar extent in liver and bone. Proteoglycan 4 supports endochondral bone formation and the attainment of peak trabecular bone mass, and appears to support skeletal homeostasis indirectly by protecting joint function. Bone‐ and liver‐derived FGF‐2 likely regulate proteoglycan 4 actions supporting trabeculae formation. Blunted PTH anabolic responses in adult Prg4 mutant mice are associated with altered biomechanical impact secondary to joint failure. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral ResearchPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/89450/1/508_ftp.pd

Erythropoietin mediated bone formation is regulated by mTOR signaling

The role of erythropoietin (Epo) and Epo/Epo receptor (EpoR) signaling pathways for production of red blood cells are well established. However, little is known about Epo/EpoR signaling in non‐hematopoietic cells. Recently, we demonstrated that Epo activates JAK/STAT signaling in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leading to the production of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and bone formation and that Epo also directly activates mesenchymal cells to form osteoblasts in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effects of mTOR signaling on Epo‐mediated osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. We found that mTOR inhibition by rapamycin blocks Epo‐dependent and ‐independent osteoblastic phenotypes in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) and ST2 cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that rapamycin inhibits Epo‐dependent and ‐independent osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells and Raw264.7 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that Epo increases NFATc1 expression and decreases cathepsin K expression in an mTOR‐independent manner, resulting in an increase of osteoclast numbers and a decrease in resorption activity. Taken together, these results strongly indicate that mTOR signaling plays an important role in Epo‐mediated bone homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 220–228, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/89548/1/23347_ftp.pd

Cervical Enamel Projections in Unusual Locations: A Case Report and Miniâ Review

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142078/1/jper0789.pd

Effect of Flapless Surgery on Singleâ Tooth Implants in the Esthetic Zone: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141931/1/jper1747.pd

The Effect of Flapless Surgery on Implant Survival and Marginal Bone Level: A Systematic Review and Metaâ Analysis

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142097/1/jpere91.pd

Retrograde Periâ Implantitis: A Case Report Introducing an Approach to Its Management

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141239/1/jper1080.pd

The role of peptides in bone healing and regeneration: A systematic review

Background: Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration. Methods: A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles presenting peptides capable of exerting an upregulatory effect on osteoprogenitor cells and bone healing were included in the study. Results: Based on the available literature, a significant amount of experimental in vitro and in vivo evidence exists. Several peptides were found to upregulate the bone healing response in experimental models and could act as potential candidates for future clinical applications. However, from the available peptides that reached the level of clinical trials, the presented results are limited. Conclusion: Further research is desirable to shed more light into the processes governing the osteoprogenitor cellular responses. With further advances in the field of biomimetic materials and scaffolds, new treatment modalities for bone repair will emerge