Efficacy of Endosampler in Endometrial Sampling for Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and operator satisfaction of Endosampler in endometrial sampling for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Study Design: A Non Randomized Experimental Trial. Place and Duration of Study: The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur.  From 15 July 2015 to 10 December 2017 Methodology: overall 300 patients were selected for study. Data was collected regarding demographic informations like age, parity and outcome variable as operator satisfaction, positive and negative sampling. Collected data information was entered in SPSS version 24 for mean ± SD calculation of numerical data (age and parity) frequency percentages of categorical variables operator satisfaction, positive and negative sampling was calculated. Student t test was applied on data and p value ≤0.05 was considered as significance. Results: Among studied patents operative satisfaction score (ranged 1-5) was 1-2 73.7% well accepted. While, Operative satisfaction score was ranged 3-5, 26.3% poorly accepted. Positive sampling was 82.7%.While negative sampling was 17.3%. No association was found between operative satisfaction score and sampling. Conclusion: Our results revealed that Endosampler is a useful device for endometrial sampling for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer with high rate of operator satisfaction. Keywords: Endosampler, Endomatrial cancer, Hystrectomy, Gynaecology

STUDENTS' INTELLECTUAL-HUMILITY AND COGNITIVE-FLEXIBILITY: THE ROLE OF MINDFULNESS AS A MEDIATOR

The primary objective of this study was to explore the inter-connections among mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and intellectual humility in adult’s population. Additionally, the research aimed to investigate the mediating role of mindfulness in this association between cognitive flexibility and intellectual humility with different demographic differences (age, gender, and culture). Sample of 800 students selected from Hazara University, Mansehra (HU), and the University of AJK. The study employed a convenient sampling method. The results indicated a significant association between the study as well as demographics differences exists among study variables. In conclusion, this study contributes to our understanding of the connections between mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and intellectual humility in a student context. The findings suggest that cultivating mindfulness may enhance cognitive flexibility and intellectual humility, with demographic factors playing a role in shaping these psychological attributes. This study has practical implications for enhanced academic performance, effective stress management, improved decision-making, life-long learning, personal well-being, critical thinking skills, adaptability in changing environments and positive interpersonal relationships

Promising bioactive properties of quercetin for potential food applications and health benefits: A review

Naturally occurring phytochemicals with promising biological properties are quercetin and its derivatives. Quercetin has been thoroughly studied for its antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-arthritic, antioxidant, cardiovascular, and wound-healing properties. Anticancer activity of quercetin against cancer cell lines has also recently been revealed. The majority of the Western diet contains quercetin and its derivatives, therefore consuming them as part of a meal or as a food supplement may be sufficient for people to take advantage of their preventive effects. Bioavailability-based drug-delivery systems of quercetin have been heavily studied. Fruits, seeds, vegetables, bracken fern, coffee, tea, and other plants all contain quercetin, as do natural colors. One naturally occurring antioxidant is quercetin, whose anticancer effects have been discussed in detail. It has several properties that could make it an effective anti-cancer agent. Numerous researches have shown that quercetin plays a substantial part in the suppression of cancer cells in the breast, colon, prostate, ovary, endometrial, and lung tumors. The current study includes a concise explanation of quercetin's action mechanism and potential health applications

Effects of Fertilizers on Copper and Nickel Accumulation and Human Health Risk Assessment of Vegetables and Food Crops

Despite the fact that fertilizers have been used for millennia for sustainable crop production, this high and considerable dependence on fertilizers heightens environmental concerns with the indirect human exposure due to accumulation of toxins in food chain via soil contamination. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the application of fertilizers to the soil and their effect on the accumulation of copper and nickel in spinach (Spinacia oleracea), garlic (Allium sativum), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and barley (Hordeum vulgare); as well as potential health concerns associated with consuming vegetables cultivated on this contaminated land. Samples of available soil, food crops, and human blood were collected from three different Tehsils: Bhalwal, Sahiwal, and Silanwali and were regarded as site 1, site 2 and site 3 respectively. Urea, farmyard manure, and potassium chloride were delivered to Site 1; urea phosphate, manure, and ammonium sulphate were delivered to Site 2; and superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, and nitrate phosphate were delivered to Site 3. Data was subjected to statistical analysis for computing out ANOVA and correlation. Analysis revealed that minimum copper concentration was found in the soil of T. aestivum grown at Site-1 while the inhabitants of Site 3 had the highest concentration of Cu in their blood. The highest level of HIR was found in the human beings that ate the S. oleracea grown at Site 3. It is strongly advised that fertilizers be used sparingly, as their excessive use can cause human health risks

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Avaliação da percepção e do comportamento de estudantes para o plágio nas universidades paquistanesas

The prevalence of academic delinquency in universities, predominantly in the form of plagiarism and cheating, is extensively conceded. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate student’s perception and behavior towards plagiarism in Pakistani universities. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 6 academic disciplines in 35 universities in Pakistan during 21.02.2011-21.04.2011. Expert interviewers and learned educationists carried out the interviews with the help of a structured questionnaire to evaluate student’s knowledge about plagiarism such as (i) student’s knowledge about HEC policy, (ii) student’s attitude towards plagiarism, (iii) student’s satisfaction towards plagiarism and cheating, and (iv) their views for penalties (What should be the penalties for 1st and 2nd occurrence of plagiarism?) and recorded the responses. Results: This survey was accomplished by 25742 students. The response rate for awareness about HEC policy about plagiarism showed that significantly (pAntecedentes: La prevalencia de conductas éticas reprobables en las universidades, principalmente en la forma de plagio y engaño, es extensamente reconocida. Objetivos: Evaluar la percepción y comportamiento de los estudiantes hacia el plagio en las universidades paquistaníes. Métodos: Estudio transversal, que se llevó a cabo en seis disciplinas académicas en 35 universidades en Pakistán entre 21-02-2011 y 21-04-2011. Entrevistadores expertos y educadores eruditos llevaron a cabo las entrevistas con la ayuda de un cuestionario estructurado, para evaluar los conocimientos de los estudiantes sobre el plagio: en aspectos como (i) el conocimiento de los estudiantes acerca de la política HEC, (ii) la actitud del estudiante hacia el plagio, (iii) la satisfacción del estudiante hacia el plagio y el engaño, y (iv) sus puntos de vista en materia de sanciones (¿qué sanciones deberían aplicarse para la primera y segunda ocurrencia de plagio?). Se grabaron las respuestas. Resultados: La encuesta fue contestada por 25.742 estudiantes. La tasa de respuesta para la conciencia acerca de las políticas HEC sobre el plagio mostró significativamente (pA prevalência de condutas éticas reprováveis nas universidades, principalmente sob a forma de plágio e mentira, é extensamente reconhecida. Objetivos: Avaliar a percepção e o comportamento dos estudantes para o plágio nas universidades paquistanesas. Métodos: Este estudo transversal foi levado a cabo em seis disciplinas acadêmicas em 35 universidades no Paquistão de 21-02-2011 até 21-04-2011. Entrevistadores especialistas e educadores eruditos realizaram as entrevistas com a ajuda de um questionário estruturado, para avaliar os conhecimentos dos estudantes sobre o plágio: em aspectos como (i) o conhecimento dos estudantes acerca da política HEC, (ii) a atitude do estudante com relação ao plágio, (iii) a satisfação do estudante para com o plágio e a mentira, e (iv) seus pontos de vista em matéria de sanções (que sanções deveriam ser aplicadas para a primeira e segunda ocorrência de plágio?). Foram gravadas as respostas. Resultados: Esta enquete foi respondida por 25.742 estudantes. A taxa de resposta para a consciência acerca das políticas HEC sobre o plágio mostraram significativa (

Seed-endophytes empower Anthemis cotula to expand in invaded range

The seeds serve as a biological vehicle for alien species to colonize new habitats and seed endophytes may enhance their chances of survival and spread in the introduced range. Thus, the endophytic diversity associated with the seeds of alien species and their plant growth-promoting activities need to be investigated in detail. Here we explored the composition and diversity of culturable endophytic microbes inhabiting achenes of Anthemis cotula L. an invasive alien species in Kashmir Himalaya. A total of 812 culturable endophytic isolates were recovered from seeds of A. cotula, comprising 716 bacterial isolates, and 96 fungal isolates. Taxonomic binning resolved the isolates into 39 bacterial OTUs and 22 fungal OTUs belonging to 4 bacterial phyla and 2 fungal phyla. The relative abundance of these culturable seed endophytic taxa differed significantly across the sites (p < 0.001). Moreover, similar endophytic communities with a shared core endophytic assemblage were observed across different sites. This core microbiome was represented by 17 bacterial and 8 fungal OTUs. We also screened the isolated endophytes for various plant growth-promoting activities, such as IAA production, phosphate solubilization, and ammonia production and more than 75% of the isolates showed one or the other plant growth-promoting activity, Interestingly, some isolates showed strong antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea which is a common pathogen of A. cotula in its native range. Given the functional attributes of achene borne endophytes, their role in the establishment and spread of A. cotula in Kashmir Himalaya is quite likely and plausible

Molecular cloning and expression of recombinant Trichoderma harzianum chitinase in Pichia pastoris

Background: The importance of chitinases over the years had attracted huge biotechnological attention because its usage cut across wide range of field. It plays a significant role in the defensive mechanism against fungal pathogens.Methods: In this study, an endochitinase gene was isolated from Trichoderma harzianum, and characterized in-silico by using various bioinformatics tools. Further, the gene was cloned in eukaryotic expression vector (pPICZA) under the control of AOX1 promoter for recombinant expression in Pichia pastoris GS115 host strain.Results: The chitinase cDNA was ~1000 bp long, while in-silico studies revealed an open reading frame of 888 bp encoding 295 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 37332.76 Da and an estimated isoelectric point of 4.07. Recombinant chitinase protein expressed intracellularly and revealed high expression in P. pastoris host. The 37 kDa recombinant chitinase protein developed with antigen antibody confirmed its expression in P. pastoris.Conclusion: Conclusively, T. harzianum derived chitinase gene was successfully over expressed in P. pastoris where recombinant protein was expressed intracellular in the form of inclusion bodies.Keywords: Trichoderma harzianum; Chitinase; Pichia pastori