Generalized metric formulation of double field theory

The generalized metric is a T-duality covariant symmetric matrix constructed from the metric and two-form gauge field and arises in generalized geometry. We view it here as a metric on the doubled spacetime and use it to give a simple formulation with manifest T-duality of the double field theory that describes the massless sector of closed strings. The gauge transformations are written in terms of a generalized Lie derivative whose commutator algebra is defined by a double field theory extension of the Courant bracket.United States. Dept. of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER41360

Swing wing aerial drone (SWAD)

Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles that have a variety of different applications in the field. Drones are very helpful for first responders such as firefighters, police, and even ranchers and large landowners. Most drones have a fixed wing. This report will show the design, construction, and fluid dynamic testing of a drone that has multiple wing positions. These modes are the straight wing position and swept back position. This design will change the flight profile of the plane, allowing for the user to launch at a faster speed and the glider to get to the desired location faster. Once the glider is at the desired location the wings can sweep forward to the straight position for more control. More control allows for better surveillance of an area. The wind tunnel was used to test drag and lift on models of our glider. Tests were done on three models: one straight wing model, one model with wings swept back 17.5°, and one model with wings swept back 25°. These models were also tested at multiple angles of attack between -15° to 15° in 5° increments. It was determined that, as the wings swept back, the models produced more drag. The straight wing model produced 0.393 lbs. of drag, the 17.5° model produced 1.09 lbs. of drag, and the 25° model produced 0.7 lbs. of drag. There were insufficient tests for lift that produced correct data. After these wind tunnel tests, a mechanism was implemented on the commercially available glider, the Radian Pro, that sweeps the wing back 25°. Once this was implemented, a flight test was conducted to compare models

The gauge algebra of double field theory and Courant brackets

We investigate the symmetry algebra of the recently proposed field theory on a doubled torus that describes closed string modes on a torus with both momentum and winding. The gauge parameters are constrained fields on the doubled space and transform as vectors under T-duality. The gauge algebra defines a T-duality covariant bracket. For the case in which the parameters and fields are T-dual to ones that have momentum but no winding, we find the gauge transformations to all orders and show that the gauge algebra reduces to one obtained by Siegel. We show that the bracket for such restricted parameters is the Courant bracket. We explain how these algebras are realised as symmetries despite the failure of the Jacobi identity.Comment: 25 pages, LaTe

P-67: Dose response antihypertensive efficacy of aliskiren (SPP 100), an orally active renin inhibitor

Aliskiren (SPP 100), an orally active renin inhibitor, has been shown to inhibit the production of angiotensin I and angiotensin II in healthy volunteers. In a pilot study, aliskiren decreased BP in hypertensive patients at daily doses of 75 and 150 mg. In this multi-centre, double-blind, active comparator trial, the dose-dependent effects of aliskiren were evaluated in 226 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Parallel groups of randomized patients were assessed at the end of a washout period and again after a 4-week treatment period. Treatment consisted of single oral daily doses of aliskiren (37.5, 75, 150 or 300 mg) or of losartan 100 mg once daily. Daytime ambulatory systolic BP was defined as the primary variable of the study. As illustrated in the figure, a clear dose-response curve was observed for the decrease (mean +/- SEM) in daytime ambulatory systolic BP. The mean (SD) change at the end of the 4-week treatment period was -1.3 (9.5) mmHg, -5.5 (10.6) mmHg, -8.5 (10.4) mmHg, -10.5 (10.7) mmHg, and -11.1 (13.4) mmHg for 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 mg aliskiren and 100mg losartan, respectively. Statistically significant lowering occurred with 75, 150 and 300 mg of aliskiren. The daytime ambulatory systolic BP responses to aliskiren doses of 150 and 300 mg were not significantly different from that of 100 mg losartan. Similar results were shown for daytime ambulatory diastolic BP and for night-time ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP. Aliskiren was well tolerated - there was no increase in the number of adverse events with increasing doses of aliskiren, and the safety profile of aliskiren was similar to that of losartan. The results of this dose-ranging study confirm a dose-dependent reduction in BP with aliskiren in mild to moderate hypertension. Additional exploratory studies testing the efficacy and safety of this new renin inhibitor in patients with renal disease and congestive heart failure are currently underwa

Vegetation structure moderates the effect of fire on bird assemblages in a heterogeneous landscape

Ecological theory predicting the impact of fire on ecological communities is typically focused on post-disturbance recovery processes or on disturbance-diversity dynamics. Yet the established relationship between vegetation structure and animal diversit

Propagation of uncertainty through the hazard chain

DSTL wish to explore methods for propagating uncertainty through a succession of linked models. The Study Group have looked at the particular example of casualty estimation from airbourne dispersion and suggested two different potential solutions. If the structure of the models is sufficiently simple, and the number of degrees of freedom relatively small, a semi-analytical approach based on Bayes’ theorem can be used. In the more general case, intelligent sampling methods can be used to gradually build a picture of likely outcomes

Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Quasar Host Galaxies

At low redshift, there are fundamental correlations between the mass of supermassive black holes (MBH) and the mass (Mbulge) and luminosity of the host galaxy bulge. We investigate the same relation at z>=1. Using virial mass estimates for 11 quasars at z >~2 to measure their black hole mass, we find that black holes at high z fall nearly on the same MBH versus R-band magnitude (MR) relation (to ~0.3 mag) as low-redshift active and inactive galaxies, without making any correction for luminosity evolution. Using a set of conservative assumptions about the host galaxy stellar population, we show that at z>~2 (10 Gyrs ago) the ratio of MBH/Mbulge was 3--6 times larger than today. Barring unknown systematic errors on the measurement of MBH, we also rule out scenarios in which moderately luminous quasar hosts at z>~2 were fully formed bulges that passively fade to the present epoch. On the other hand, 5 quasar hosts at z~1 are consistent with current day MBH-MR relationship after taking into account evolution, appropriate for that of E/S0 galaxies. Therefore, z~1 host galaxies appear to fit the hypothesis they are fully formed early-type galaxies. We also find that most quasar hosts with absolute magnitudes brighter than MR = -23 cannot fade below L* galaxies today, regardless of their stellar population makeup, because their black hole masses are too high and they must arrive at the local MBH-MR relationship by z=0.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. ApJ in press. Corrected for minor typographical error

Make It So: Imperatival Foundations for Mathematics

This article articulates and assesses an imperatival approach to the foundations of mathematics. The core idea for the program is that mathematical domains of interest can fruitfully be viewed as the outputs of construction procedures. We apply this idea to provide a novel formalisation of arithmetic and set theory in terms of such procedures, and discuss the significance of this perspective for the philosophy of mathematics