TOPEX orbital radiation study

The space radiation environment of the TOPEX spacecraft is investigated. A single trajectory was considered. The external (surface incident) charged particle radiation, predicted for the satellite, is determined by orbital flux integration for the specified trajectory. The latest standard models of the environment are used in the calculations. The evaluation is performed for solar maximum conditions. The spacecraft exposure to cosmic rays of galactic origin is evaluated over its flight path through the magnetosphere in terms of geomagnetic shielding effects, both for surface incident heavy ions and for particles emerging behind different material thickness. Limited shielding and dose evaluations are performed for simple infinite slab and spherical geometries. Results, given in graphical and tabular form, are analyzed, explained, and discussed. Conclusions are presented and commented on

Usefulness of fair valuation of biological assets for cash flow prediction

This study develops an empirical analysis of the relevance of accounting information when biological assets are measured at fair value. We use an international sample of firms with biological assets.We find that biological assets influence unpredictability when they are measured at historical cost (HC). In this case, the ability of accounting data to predict future cash flows diminishes as the proportion of biological assets on total assets increases. The valuation at fair value (FV) switches this negative influence of biological assets to a positive one. We find that when they are measured at FV, the prediction accuracy of future cash flows improves as the ratio of biological assets to total assets increases. This evidence is robust to differentmeasures of prediction accuracy, as well as to the improvement of accounting standards, regardless of FV, over time. The evidence is weaker for bearer plants

Obesity Prevalence and Dietary Intake of Antioxidants in Native American Adolescents

Antioxidants are well known for possessing anti-inflammatory properties, which can reduce the risk of chronic disease and obesity. However, very little research has been done to examine antioxidant intake among adolescent minority populations such as Native American adolescents. Our study examined the significance of antioxidant intake among Native American adolescents at an urban residential high school in Southern California. Our study population consisted of 183 male and female Native American adolescents, 14-18 years of age, representing 43 tribes from across the United States. Students' primary source of meals was provided by the school food service. Based on the BMI calculations, the rate of obesity within our population was 38% for males and 40% for females, more than two-fold the national rate indicated by NHANESIII data. We used the Harvard School of Public Health Youth/Adolescent Questionnaire (HSPH YAQ), a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, to examine antioxidant nutrient intake and evaluate the differences in the intake between normal and obese weight students. Statistical analysis of the results showed that intakes of vitamins C, E, and lycopene were the antioxidant nutrients found to be significantly different between normal and obese weight students and intakes of these nutrients were found to be higher among normal weight students (p-values = 0.02451, 0.00847, and 0.04928, respectively). These results suggest that dietary intake of antioxidants could be increased among Native American adolescents. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and identify effective ways for school food service to incorporate antioxidant rich foods into school menus

Cosmic Ray Exposure & Linear-Energy-Transfer Evaluations for the COBE Mission

Magnetospherically attenuated, orbit integrated, surface incident cosmic ray fluxes of galactic origin were determined for the COBE mission. All heavy ions up to Nickel (z=28) were considered in this, evaluation. In order to provide worst case approximations, estimates were based on solar minimum conditions. Transport and material shielding calculations were then performed for these vehicle encountered particles, for a simple spherical 3-D aluminum geometry, and the materially attenuated cosmic ray distributions emerging behind selected shield thicknesses were obtained. Finally, Linear-Energy-Transfer (LET) spectra were evaluated for the energy spectra of each ion specie and these were, in turn, integrated into the sum-total LET distribution contained in this report. The results are presented in tabular and graphical form for eight (8) different shield thicknesses from.01 to 10.0 gm/cm2 of aluminum. They show most conclusively, and not unexpectedly, that material shielding has virtually no 'effect on the final LET spectrum, at least not for aluminum shields. This was predictable. Please note that in the LET graphs, two curves were plotted. Of these, please ignore the one labeled "grazing" and use only the one labeled "normal". Again, it should be remembered that the end results contain contributions from all elements up to Nickel (z=28)

Polarized Broad-Line Emission from Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei

In order to determine whether unified models of active galactic nuclei apply to low-luminosity objects, we have undertaken a spectropolarimetric survey of of LINERs and Seyfert nuclei at the Keck Observatory. The 14 objects observed have a median H-alpha luminosity of 8x10^{39} erg/s, well below the typical value of ~10^{41} erg/s for Markarian Seyfert nuclei. Polarized broad H-alpha emission is detected in three LINERs: NGC 315, NGC 1052, and NGC 4261. Each of these is an elliptical galaxy with a double-sided radio jet, and the emission-line polarization in each case is oriented roughly perpendicular to the jet axis, as expected for the obscuring torus model. NGC 4261 and NGC 315 are known to contain dusty circumnuclear disks, which may be the outer extensions of the obscuring tori. The detection of polarized broad-line emission suggests that these objects are nearby, low-luminosity analogs of obscured quasars residing in narrow-line radio galaxies. The nuclear continuum of the low-luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4395 is polarized at p = 0.67%, possibly the result of an electron scattering region near the nucleus. Continuum polarization is detected in other objects, with a median level of p = 0.36% over 5100-6100 A, but in most cases this is likely to be the result of transmission through foreground dust. The lack of significant broad-line polarization in most type 1 LINERs is consistent with the hypothesis that we view the broad-line regions of these objects directly, rather than in scattered light.Comment: 28 pages, including 3 tables and 16 figures. Uses the emulateapj latex style file. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Experimental Outlook for the Pentaquark

A critical look is taken at both positive and null evidence for the $\Theta^+$ pentaquark. Potential problems with experiments will be discussed and the question of what conclusion can be drawn from both the positive and the null results is examined. First the question of existence of the $\Theta^+$ pentaquark is considered, followed by a discussion of new experiments that are either planned or in progress to answer questions about its mass, width and isospin. Finally, indirect evidence for the parity of the $\Theta^+$ is examined, and suggestions for experiments to measure its parity directly are given.Comment: MESON2004 conference proceedings, 10 pages, 1 figur

Application of two way nesting model to upscale sediment processes of the Southern Bight of the North Sea: full model validation

The BRAIN project FaCE-iT (Functional biodiversity in a Changing sedimentary Environment: Implications for biogeochemistry and food webs in a managerial setting) funded by BELSPO aims at evaluating the influence of offshore wind farms settlements and dredging activities on the distribution of sediment grain size over the Southern Bight of the North Sea (SBNS) and the Belgian Coastal Zone (BCZ), as well as associated impacts on biodiversity and biogeochemistry.In this framework an implementation of the tri-dimensional hydrodynamical and sediment transport model ROMS-COAWST was set-up to conduct scenario experiment relating offshore activities to resulting alteration of the seafloor structure. This implementation combines high resolution nested grids covering the Belgian Coastal Zone, embedded into a coarser grid covering the Southern Bight of the North Sea and is forced by ECMWF ERA-Interim data at the air-sea interface, CMEMS data at the open boundaries, TPXO data to introduce/force the tidal impact, and consider the discharge of four main rivers. Currently, the work focuses on assessing the skills of this modelling system to resolve the dynamics of the complex shallow and highly tidal region. The 3-year climatological run for 2006-2009 was performed to test the model ability to simulate the interannual dynamics. The model skills were evaluated by validation against remote-sensing temperature fields, tidal elevations and currents at the Meetnet pylons, and in situ temperature and salinity data provided by the Lifewatch network. We evaluate how grid refinement and different set-up of the nesting strategy enhance essential model skills in relation with sediment transport The further step will be to confront the sediment transport dynamics stemming from the nested system to that resolved from the coarser parent alone. A diagenetic model developed in the frame of FaCE-iT will be joint with the sediment model in order to upscale locally derived alteration of the biogeochemistry and benthic functionality stemming from seafloor texture alteration.Functional biodiversity in a Changing sedimentary Environment: Implications for biogeochemistry and food webs in a managerial setting (FaCE-It

Nurses\u27 Alumnae Association Bulletin - Volume 5 Number 8

Calling All Nurses Financial Report Calendar of Events Lest You Forget! Attention Review of the Alumnae Association Meetings President\u27s Report Barton Memorial Division Oxygen Therapy Welcome, White Haven Alumnae Clinical Use of Penicillin in Infections of the Ears, Nose and Throat Address - Graduation of Nurses, 1945 Miscellaneous Items The Blood that Kills The Story of Malaria Program Prizes - May, 1946 Capping Exercises The Economic Security Program of the Pennsylvania State Nurses\u27 Association The Clara Melville Scholarship Fund Card of Thanks The Poet\u27s Corner The Hospital Pharmacy Jefferson Medical College Hospital School of Nursing Faculty Jefferson Hospital Gray Lady Unite, A.R.R. The Volunteer Nurses\u27 Aides Salute Jefferson Nurses Changes in the Staff at Jefferson Hospital Red Cross Recruits Did You Know That The Pennsylvania Nurse Medical College News Magazine and Newspaper Items Central Dressing Room and Transfusion Unit Rules Concerning Central Dressing Room Radios and Electrical Appliances Attending College Nurses in Anesthesia Condolences Marriages New Arrivals Deaths The Bulletin Committee Attention, Alumnae New Addresse