A Contingent Valuation Study Of Buriti (mauritia Flexuosa L.f.) In The Main Region Of Production In Brazil: Is Environmental Conservation A Collective Responsibility?

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The immature leaves of the buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa) are widely harvested in the municipality of Barreirinhas, Maranhão, for the production of handicrafts, which are sold to locals and tourists. The increasing demand for these artisanal goods is stimulating the emergence of an informal market for immature buriti leaves, leading to an intensification of their extraction and resulting in negative effects on local buriti palm populations and the ecosystem. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the environmental value of the buriti palm tree based on the maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for its conservation, using the contingent valuation method. Among the respondents, 99.74% reported that the palm species should be protected and the majority of them (65.75%) agreed to pay for its conservation (annual WTP R$ 179.49 ± 222.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the WTP was not influenced by the socio-economic profile of the respondents. The main reasons for non-WTP are related to dissatisfaction with the government and the belief that financial contributions would not solve problems of environmental damage. Overall, the evaluated population believes that environmental conservation is not an obligation of the government or that of the population, but is a collective responsibility. © 2016, Sociedade Botanica do Brasil. All rights reserved.304532539CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorMOE, Ministry of EducationCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Piauí de plantas e gentes: Construção de coleções de referência de plantas úteis/econômicas como base para estudos arqueobotânicos.

Museum Studie

Avaliação do perfil nictemeral de excreção de indicadores internos e de óxido crômico em ensaios de digestão com ruminantes Evaluation of excretion patterns of internal markers and chromium oxide in digestion assays with ruminants

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a dinâmica de excreção fecal dos indicadores internos matéria seca indigestível (MSi), fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi), fibra em detergente ácido indigestível (FDAi) e do indicador externo óxido crômico (Cr2O3). Foram utilizados cinco bovinos mestiços Holandês &times; Zebu, com peso médio de 240 kg, em três períodos experimentais de 12 dias (os sete primeiros destinados à adaptação dos animais). Antes do início do período experimental, os animais passaram por um período de adaptação à dieta e ao manejo, com duração dez dias, no qual foram mantidos em baias individuais e alimentados à vontade com silagem de sorgo. O Cr2O3 foi fornecido diariamente em duas porções de 5 g, às 8h e 17h, durante todo o período experimental. Procedeu-se à caracterização do padrão diurno de excreção fecal dos indicadores, por meio do algoritmo de Gauss-Newton, em um modelo em série de Fourier. A avaliação descritiva das funções ajustadas evidenciou que a amplitude total dos ciclos foi menor para FDAi que para outros indicadores, com valores de 4,71; 1,83; 2,42 e 1,74% para Cr2O3, MSi, FDNi e FDAi, respectivamente, em relação à concentração média estimada para cada um desses indicadores. Por sua vez, o período fundamental de excreção dos indicadores em estudo foi significativo e evidenciou duração do ciclo de 3,25; 3,47; 3,46 e 3,74 horas para o Cr2O3, MSi, FDNi e FDAi, respectivamente. A concentração média fecal dos indicadores pode ser obtida por meio de duas coletas diárias de fezes, mantendo-se o espaço de tempo entre duas coletas consecutivas de 3, 9, 15 ou 21 horas.<br>The goal of the present study was to evaluate the dynamics of fecal excretion of the following digestion markers: indigestible dry matter (DMi), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi), and indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) as internal markers and the external marker chromic oxide (Cr2O3). Five Holstein-zebu steers with 240 kg average weight were used in three 12-day experimental periods, being the first seven days for animal adaptation. Previously to the beginning of the experimental period, the animals were submitted to a 10-day period of adaptation to facilities and experimental management. They were fed ad libitum with sorghum silage and maintained in individual pens. The Cr2O3 was offered twice daily at 08:00 and 17:00 h, 5 g each, during the whole experimental period. Then, the daily marker fecal excretion pattern was characterized by means of the Gauss-Newton algorithm to fit a Fourier series model. A descriptive graphic evaluation of the fitted function showed that the total amplitude of cycles was lower for ADFi than the other markers, with values of 4.71%, 1.83%, 2.42% and 1.74% for Cr2O3, DMi, NDFi and ADFi, respectively, in relation to the estimated mean concentration of each. In turn, the fundamental period of the markers excretion patterns were significant showing cycle lengths of 3.25, 3.47, 3.46 and 3.74 hours for Cr2O3, DMi, NDFi and ADFi, respectively. As a conclusion, the mean fecal concentration of all markers might be obtained through two daily samplings at intervals from each other of 3, 9, 15 or 21 hours